|
| 1 | +--- |
| 2 | +layout: post |
| 3 | +title: "idea搭建springMVC" |
| 4 | +date: 2020-11-02 20:01:24 +0800 |
| 5 | +tags: java |
| 6 | +description: |
| 7 | +--- |
| 8 | + |
| 9 | +记录一下maven搭建springMVC的过程 |
| 10 | + |
| 11 | +## 项目搭建 |
| 12 | + |
| 13 | +首先点击File-->New-->Project进入到项目创建窗口 |
| 14 | + |
| 15 | + |
| 16 | + |
| 17 | +选择如下图的选项,点击Next按钮进入到下一步 |
| 18 | + |
| 19 | + |
| 20 | + |
| 21 | +填写项目名称和本地保存目录,以及包路径、发布名称、版本号信息,设置完成后,点击__Finish__完成设置 |
| 22 | + |
| 23 | + |
| 24 | + |
| 25 | +完成设置后,项目目录如下所示,只有webapp目录,java、resources、test目录需要我们自己进行创建 |
| 26 | + |
| 27 | + |
| 28 | + |
| 29 | +在创建目录时候,idea会给出我们缺少目录的提示,直接创建就好,同时也会看到刚刚创建的java目录,显示出maven项目的蓝色 |
| 30 | + |
| 31 | + |
| 32 | + |
| 33 | + |
| 34 | + |
| 35 | +## Jar包导入 |
| 36 | + |
| 37 | +项目建立完成后,导入springMVC需要的jar包。基本的jar包如下: |
| 38 | + |
| 39 | +{% highlight xml %} |
| 40 | +<properties> |
| 41 | + <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> |
| 42 | + <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source> |
| 43 | + <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target> |
| 44 | + <spring.version>5.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version> |
| 45 | + <!-- mysql驱动版本对应MySQL5.7 --> |
| 46 | + <mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version> |
| 47 | +</properties> |
| 48 | +<dependencies> |
| 49 | + <!-- spring相关 --> |
| 50 | + <dependency> |
| 51 | + <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> |
| 52 | + <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> |
| 53 | + <version>${spring.version}</version> |
| 54 | + </dependency> |
| 55 | + <dependency> |
| 56 | + <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> |
| 57 | + <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> |
| 58 | + <version>${spring.version}</version> |
| 59 | + </dependency> |
| 60 | + <dependency> |
| 61 | + <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> |
| 62 | + <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> |
| 63 | + <version>${spring.version}</version> |
| 64 | + </dependency> |
| 65 | + <dependency> |
| 66 | + <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> |
| 67 | + <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> |
| 68 | + <version>${spring.version}</version> |
| 69 | + </dependency> |
| 70 | + <!-- mysql驱动 --> |
| 71 | + <dependency> |
| 72 | + <groupId>mysql</groupId> |
| 73 | + <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> |
| 74 | + <version>${mysql.version}</version> |
| 75 | + </dependency> |
| 76 | + <!-- servlet --> |
| 77 | + <dependency> |
| 78 | + <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> |
| 79 | + <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> |
| 80 | + <version>3.1.0</version> |
| 81 | + <scope>provided</scope> |
| 82 | + </dependency> |
| 83 | +</dependencies> |
| 84 | +{% endhighlight %} |
| 85 | + |
| 86 | +__PS:我们可以在idea中设置maven自动导入xml中的jar包,顺便记得安装本地的maven,设置本地包仓库目录和setting.xml配置,把默认的包源换成国内源,比如下面的阿里的maven源__ |
| 87 | + |
| 88 | +{% highlight xml %} |
| 89 | +<mirror> |
| 90 | + <id>nexus-aliyun</id> |
| 91 | + <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf> |
| 92 | + <name>Nexus aliyun</name> |
| 93 | + <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url> |
| 94 | +</mirror> |
| 95 | +{% endhighlight %} |
| 96 | + |
| 97 | + |
| 98 | +## 文件配置 |
| 99 | + |
| 100 | +由于resources目录是我们手动进行创建的,所以我们需要手动创建Spring的监听器配置文件(applicationContext.xml)和Spring的中央控制器配置文件(springmvc.xml)。同时还要在webapp下的web.xml文件中,进行两个配置文件的引入和配置。 |
| 101 | + |
| 102 | +### applicationContext.xml |
| 103 | + |
| 104 | +> 其中__base-package__是我们的包路径,后面星号,表示路径下的包都遵循这个配置 |
| 105 | +
|
| 106 | +{% highlight xml %} |
| 107 | +<!-- spring容器扫描 --> |
| 108 | +<context:component-scan base-package="com.bc.*"> |
| 109 | + <!-- 不扫描spring mvc的controller --> |
| 110 | + <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> |
| 111 | +</context:component-scan> |
| 112 | +{% endhighlight %} |
| 113 | + |
| 114 | +### springmvc.xml |
| 115 | + |
| 116 | +{% highlight xml %} |
| 117 | +<mvc:annotation-driven/> |
| 118 | +<!--spring mvc扫描controller不扫描service--> |
| 119 | +<context:component-scan base-package="com.bc.apps.*"> |
| 120 | + <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> |
| 121 | + <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service"/> |
| 122 | +</context:component-scan> |
| 123 | +{% endhighlight %} |
| 124 | + |
| 125 | +配置完成后,前去__web.xml__进行配置 |
| 126 | + |
| 127 | +{% highlight xml %} |
| 128 | +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> |
| 129 | +<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" |
| 130 | + xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" |
| 131 | + xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" |
| 132 | + version="3.0"> |
| 133 | + <display-name>Md</display-name> |
| 134 | + <!-- 监听器配置文件 --> |
| 135 | + <listener> |
| 136 | + <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> |
| 137 | + </listener> |
| 138 | + <context-param> |
| 139 | + <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> |
| 140 | + <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> |
| 141 | + </context-param> |
| 142 | + <!-- 配置过滤器 解决中文乱码问题 --> |
| 143 | + <filter> |
| 144 | + <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> |
| 145 | + <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> |
| 146 | + <init-param> |
| 147 | + <param-name>encoding</param-name> |
| 148 | + <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> |
| 149 | + </init-param> |
| 150 | + </filter> |
| 151 | + <filter-mapping> |
| 152 | + <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> |
| 153 | + <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> |
| 154 | + </filter-mapping> |
| 155 | + <!-- SpringMVC的核心控制器 --> |
| 156 | + <servlet> |
| 157 | + <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> |
| 158 | + <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> |
| 159 | + <init-param> |
| 160 | + <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> |
| 161 | + <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> |
| 162 | + </init-param> |
| 163 | + <!-- 配置servlet启动时加载对象 --> |
| 164 | + <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> |
| 165 | + </servlet> |
| 166 | + <servlet-mapping> |
| 167 | + <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> |
| 168 | + <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> |
| 169 | + </servlet-mapping> |
| 170 | +</web-app> |
| 171 | +{% endhighlight %} |
| 172 | + |
| 173 | +### 配置完成 |
| 174 | + |
| 175 | +上述配置完成后,去java目录下创建测试代码,进行测试项目是否搭建完成。 |
| 176 | + |
| 177 | +{% highlight java %} |
| 178 | +@RequestMapping(value = "/") |
| 179 | +@RestController |
| 180 | +public class IndexController { |
| 181 | + |
| 182 | + @GetMapping(value = "index") |
| 183 | + public String index(){ |
| 184 | + return "Hello,Spring~"; |
| 185 | + } |
| 186 | + |
| 187 | +} |
| 188 | +{% endhighlight %} |
| 189 | + |
| 190 | +对项目进行编译并启动,再地址栏中输入__http://domain/index__,网址中输出我们打印的文字,项目搭建成功! |
| 191 | + |
| 192 | + |
| 193 | + |
| 194 | + |
| 195 | + |
| 196 | +## 结尾 |
| 197 | + |
| 198 | +至此SpringMVC的初步搭建,已经完成,其实复杂程度到不是很高,只不过在配置和引入jar包的时候,稍微有一些多。 |
| 199 | + |
| 200 | +下一步,要进行视图解析器的配置,将使用[Thymeleaf][Thymeleaf]作为我们的视图解析器 |
| 201 | + |
| 202 | + |
| 203 | + |
| 204 | +[Thymeleaf]:https://www.thymeleaf.org/ |
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