1+ # 位置参数
2+ def power (num ):
3+ result = num * num
4+ return result
5+ print (power (6 ))
6+
7+ # @计算任意n次方,使用默认参数n=2
8+ def power1 (num , n = 2 ):
9+ result = 1
10+ while n > 0 :
11+ result *= num
12+ n = n - 1
13+ return result
14+ print (power1 (6 , 3 ))
15+ print (power1 (6 ))
16+
17+ # @一个注册的函数
18+ def enroll (name , gender , age = 7 , city = 'Hangzhou' ):
19+ print ('name:' , name )
20+ print ('gender:' , gender )
21+ print ('age:' , age )
22+ print ('city:' , city )
23+
24+ enroll ('dream' , 'male' )
25+
26+ # 默认的参数可以不按照顺序来进行传参
27+ enroll ('dream' , 'male' , city = 'Wuhan' )
28+
29+ # 参数为list
30+ def add_end (L = []):
31+ L .append ('something' )
32+ print (L )
33+ return L
34+
35+ add_end ([1 , 2 , 3 ])
36+ add_end ([1 , 2 , 3 ])
37+ # 使用默认参数
38+ add_end ()
39+ add_end ()
40+
41+ ### 默认参数必须指向不变对象！
42+ def advanced_add_end (L = None ):
43+ if L is None :
44+ L = []
45+ L .append ('something' )
46+ print (L )
47+ return L
48+
49+ advanced_add_end ()
50+ advanced_add_end ()
51+
52+ ### 可变参数部分
53+ def many_arguments (nums ):
54+ sum = 0
55+ for num in nums :
56+ sum += num
57+ print (sum )
58+ return sum
59+
60+ many_arguments ([1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ])
61+
62+ ### @使用*
63+ def advanced_many_args (* nums ):
64+ print (nums ) # 内部接受的参数是一个tuple
65+ sum = 0
66+ for num in nums :
67+ sum += num
68+ print (sum )
69+ return sum
70+
71+ arr1 = [2 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]
72+ advanced_many_args (1 , 2 , 3 , 4 )
73+ # 可以在数组的前面加上一个星号
74+ advanced_many_args (* arr1 )
75+ print (* arr1 ) #展开参数列表
76+
77+ # 关键字参数
78+ def kw_func (name , age , ** kw ):
79+ print ('name:' , name )
80+ print ('age:' , age )
81+ print ('kw:' , kw )
82+
83+ kw_func ('dream' , 19 , gender = 'male' , score = 100 )
84+
85+ # 字典参数的分解
86+ extra = {"voltage" : "four million" , "state" : "bleedin' demised" , "action" : "VOOM" }
87+ print (extra )
88+ kw_func ('happy' , 20 , ** extra ) # 在这里把extra转换为键值对形式的参数
89+
90+ # 命名关键字参数
91+ ### 如果函数定义中已经有了一个可变参数，后面跟着的命名关键字参数就不再需要一个特殊分隔符*了
92+ def person (name , age , * , city , job ):
93+ print (name , age , city , job )
94+
95+
96+ person ('a' , 10 , city = 2 , job = 3 ) # 命名关键字参数需要指定名字
97+ # person('a', 10, city=2, job=3, demo=5) 命名关键字参数只可以传递命名的参数
98+
99+ def advanced_person (name , age , * nums , city = 'Hangzhou' , job ):
100+ print (name , age , nums , city , job )
101+
102+ advanced_person ('dream' , 20 , 1 , 2 , 3 , city = 'Hangzhou' , job = 'coder' )
103+ advanced_person ('dream' , 20 , 1 , 2 , 3 , job = 'coder' ) # 命名关键字参数也可以使用默认参数
104+
105+ ###### 最终版本的一个函数参数
106+ # @1 必选参数
107+ # @2 默认参数
108+ # @3 可变参数
109+ # @4 命名关键字参数
110+ # @5 关键字参数
111+
112+ def final_func (name , age = 20 , * nums , city , job , ** extra ):
113+ print (name , age , nums , city , job , extra )
114+
115+ final_func ('dream' , 23 , 3 , 4 , city = 'Hangzhou' , job = 'codeer' , color = 'red' )
116+ final_func ('dream' , 2 , 3 , 4 , city = 'Hangzhou' , job = 'codeer' , color = 'red' )
117+
118+ ###### 默认参数一定要用不可变对象，如果是可变对象，程序运行时会有逻辑错误！
119+
120+ ###### 对于任意函数，都可以通过类似func(*args, **kw)的形式调用它，无论它的参数是如何定义的。
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