学习的进度如下所示：

+ [] x

- [] c

- [] d

* `Tue Aug 15 2017 11:44:05 GMT+0800 (CST)` 关于Python的`functools.wraps`的问题[What does functools.wraps do?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/308999/what-does-functools-wraps-do)

* `Mon Aug 07 2017 23:16:42 GMT+0800 (CST)` 关于Python闭包以及`lambda`的问题[What do (lambda) function closures capture?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2295290/what-do-lambda-function-closures-capture)

* `Sun Aug 06 2017 15:21:38 GMT+0800 (CST)` 关于Python的三目运算符[Does Python have a ternary conditional operator?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/394809/does-python-have-a-ternary-conditional-operator)

* `Sun Aug 06 2017 12:42:34 GMT+0800 (CST)` 关于Python变量的作用域的问题[Python nonlocal statement](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1261875/python-nonlocal-statement)

* `Sun Aug 06 2017 01:21:10 GMT+0800 (CST)` 关于Python使用`list`的`index`方法查找元素，当查找的元素不存在的时候的处理方法[Best way to handle list.index(might-not-exist) in python?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2132718/best-way-to-handle-list-indexmight-not-exist-in-python)和[Python index of item in list without error?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13160564/python-index-of-item-in-list-without-error)

* `Sun Aug 06 2017 00:22:38 GMT+0800 (CST)` 关于Python的变量[Python variable declaration](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11007627/python-variable-declaration)

* `Thu Aug 03 2017 22:19:22 GMT+0800 (CST)` 关于Python为什么没有`++`和`--`运算符[Why are there no ++ and --​ operators in Python?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3654830/why-are-there-no-and-operators-in-python)

* `Mon Jul 31 2017 10:45:52 GMT+0800 (CST)` 关于内置函数[enumerate](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#enumerate)

* `Sun Jul 30 2017 22:11:50 GMT+0800 (CST)` 关于切片的一篇文章，可以加深对切片的理解[How to Slice Lists/Arrays and Tuples in Python](http://pythoncentral.io/how-to-slice-listsarrays-and-tuples-in-python/)

* `Sat Jul 29 2017 23:36:07 GMT+0800 (CST)` 关于如何展开一个列表参数[Unpacking Argument Lists](https://docs.python.org/2/tutorial/controlflow.html#unpacking-argument-lists)

* `Sat Jul 29 2017 23:11:04 GMT+0800 (CST)` 关于Python中`is`与`==`的区别[Why does comparing strings in Python using either '==' or 'is' sometimes produce a different result?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1504717/why-does-comparing-strings-in-python-using-either-or-is-sometimes-produce)和[String comparison in Python: is vs. == ](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2988017/string-comparison-in-python-is-vs)

* `Mon Jul 24 2017 23:57:15 GMT+0800 (CST)` [关于格式化输出多个值](http://www.python-course.eu/python3_formatted_output.php)

* `Mon Jul 24 2017 23:16:48 GMT+0800 (CST)` [关于数字的有限和无限问题](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5438745/python-nan-and-inf-values)

1. 写一篇文章，详细的介绍lambda

anonymous = lambda x: x * x

print(anonymous)

l = list(map(lambda x: x + 2, [1, 2, 3, 4]))

print(l)

def generator_square_number(max):

index = 1

while(index < max):

index += 1

yield lambda index=index: index * index

gsn = generator_square_number(10)

print(next(gsn)())

print(next(gsn)())

print(next(gsn)())

def compute(x):

return x + 1

print(compute.__name__)

def log(func):

def wrapper(*args, **kw):

print('func call', func.__name__)

return func(*args, **kw)

return wrapper

def sum():

pass

sum()

def logger(text):

def decorator(func):

def wrapper(*args, **kw):

print('your args', text, func.__name__)

return func(*args, **kw)

return wrapper

return decorator

def sum1():

pass

sum1()

print(sum1.__name__)

import functools

def optimization_logger(*text):

def decorator(func):

@functools.wraps(func)

def wrapper(*args, **kw):

print('your args', text, func.__name__)

return func(*args, **kw)

return wrapper

return decorator

def sum2():

pass

sum2()

print(sum2.__name__)

def calc_sum(*arg):

sum = 0

for num in arg:

sum += num

return sum

print(calc_sum(1, 2, 3)) # 6

def lazy_sum(*arg):

def sum():

lsum = 0

for num in arg:

lsum += num

return lsum

return sum

print(lazy_sum(1,2,3))

print(lazy_sum(1,2,3)())

def count():

l = []

for n in range(1,4):

def f():

return n * n

l.append(f)

return l

f1, f2, f3 = count()

print(f1, f2, f3)

print(f1(), f2(), f3())

print(range(4)) # range(0, 4)

print(range(1,4)) # range(1, 4)

def closure_count():

l = []

for n in range(4):

def compute(k):

def c():

return k * k

return c

l.append(compute(n))

return l

c0, c1, c2, c3 = closure_count()

print(c0, c1, c2, c3)

print(c0(), c1(), c2(), c3())

print('--- divider ---')

def closure_count2():

l = []

for n in range(4):

# 添加默认参数

l.append(lambda x = n: x * x)

return l

a0, a1, a2, a3 = closure_count2()

print(closure_count2())

print(a0, a1, a2, a3)

print(a0(), a1(), a2(), a3())