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‎README.md

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内容整理自[《Java并发编程实战》](https://time.geekbang.org/column/intro/159)
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内容整理自[《Java并发编程实战》](https://time.geekbang.org/column/intro/159)[《java-concurrency-patterns》](https://github.com/LeonardoZ/java-concurrency-patterns)
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相关工具类[《vjtools》](https://github.com/vipshop/vjtools)
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WeChat:Zed-RD [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/Fadezed/concurrency.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/Fadezed/concurrency)
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[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/Fadezed/concurrency.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/Fadezed/concurrency)
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<div align="center">
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## 缓存导致的可见性问题
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* 一个线程对共享变量的修改，另外一个线程能够立刻看到，我们称为**可见性**
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/visibility/Visibility.java)
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/visibility/Visibility.java)
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![单核CPU](media/15603316282468/a07e8182819e2b260ce85b2167d446da.png)
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![多核CPU](media/15603316282468/e2aa76928b2bc135e08e7590ca36e0ea.png)
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## 线程切换带来的原子性问题
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* 一个或者多个操作在 CPU 执行的过程中不被中断的特性称为**原子性**
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* **时间片**概念
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* 线程切换 ---〉提升cpu利用率。 tips:Unix系统因支持多进程分时复用而出名。
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* 线程切换[代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/contentSwitch/ContentSwitchTest.java)。
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* 原子问题[代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/atomic/AtomicCounter.java)
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* 线程切换[代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/contentswitch/ContentSwitchTest.java)。
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* 原子问题[代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/atomic/AtomicCounter.java)
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![254b129b145d80e9bb74123d6e620efb](media/15603316282468/254b129b145d80e9bb74123d6e620efb.png)
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* count+=1 操作分析
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## 按需禁用缓存以及编译优化 [代码来源](http://www.cs.umd.edu/~pugh/java/memoryModel/jsr-133-faq.html)
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* ## volatile
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/volatileExample/VolatileExample.java)
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/volatilecase/VolatileExample.java)
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* ## synchronized
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* 偏向锁
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* 轻量级锁
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* 重量级锁
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/synchronizedEx/SynchronizedExample.java)
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/synchronizedcase/SynchronizedExample.java)
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```
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class X {
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## final
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/finalEx/FinalExample.java)
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/finalcase/FinalExample.java)
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* 修饰变量时，初衷是告诉编译器：这个变量生而不变，非immutable，即只能表示对象引用不能被赋值（例如List）；
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* 修饰方法则方法不能被重写
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* 修饰类则不能被扩展继承。
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-------
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# 4.JAVA线程的生命周期
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/threadState/ThreadState.java)
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/threadstate/ThreadState.java)
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## 通用的线程生命周期
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* 初始状态
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### 使用方法
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#### 实现互斥
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#### 实现限流器（Semaphore 可以允许多个线程访问一个临界区）
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/semaphore/SemaphoreEx.java)
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/semaphore/SemaphoreEx.java)
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-------
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* 只允许一个线程写共享变量
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* 如果一个写线程正在执行写操作，此时禁止读线程读共享变量
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/readWriteLock/CacheByReadWriteLock.java)
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/readwritelock/CacheByReadWriteLock.java)
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## StampedLock 加上乐观读（无锁）
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/readWriteLock/StampedLockEx.java)
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/readwritelock/StampedLockEx.java)
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## CountDownLatch
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/countDownLatchEx/CountDownLatchEx.java)
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/countdownlatch/CountDownLatchEx.java)
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## CyclicBarrier
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/cyclicBarrierEx/CyclicBarrierEx.java)
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/cyclicbarrier/CyclicBarrierEx.java)
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# 11. 原子类
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* 无锁方案实现原理（Compare And Swap）
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/atomic/SimulatedCAS.java)
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/atomic/SimulatedCompareAndSwap.java)
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* 概览图
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![atomi](media/15608379390765/atomic.png)
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* 而创建一个线程，却需要调用操作系统内核的 API，然后操作系统要为线程分配一系列的资源，这个成本就很高了。
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## 线程池是一种生产者-消费者模式（非一般意义池化资源）
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/threadPool/MyThreadPool.java)
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/threadPool/MyThreadPool.java)
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* Java ThreadPoolExecutor
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```
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## FutureTask工具类（实现了RunnableFuture而它继承了Runnable和Future接口）
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/futureTask/FutureTaskEx.java)
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* [代码示例](https://github.com/Fadezed/concurrency/blob/master/src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/futuretask/FutureTaskEx.java)
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* 构造函数类似线程池submit
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```

‎src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/atomic/SimulatedCAS.java renamed to ‎src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/atomic/SimulatedCompareAndSwap.java

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/**
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* 描述:
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* SimulatedCAS 模拟cas操作
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* SimulatedCompareAndSwap 模拟cas操作
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*
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* @author zed
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* @since 2019-06-18 2:09 PM
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*/
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public class SimulatedCAS{
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public class SimulatedCompareAndSwap {
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private int count;
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/**

‎src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/completablefuture/CompletableFutureExample.java

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package com.example.concurrency.features.completablefuture;
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import com.example.concurrency.util.ThreadUtil;
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import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
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import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
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/**
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* 描述:
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* CompletableFutureExample Java 8 异步编程可描述串行关系、AND汇聚关系和OR汇聚关系以及异常处理
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*
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* @author zed
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* @since 2019-07-03 1:57 PM
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*/
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public class CompletableFutureExample {
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/**
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* 任务 1：洗水壶 -> 烧开水
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*/
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private CompletableFuture<Void> f1 = CompletableFuture.runAsync(()->{
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System.out.println("T1: 洗水壶...");
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ThreadUtil.sleep(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
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System.out.println("T1: 烧开水...");
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ThreadUtil.sleep(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
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});
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/**
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* 任务 2：洗茶壶 -> 洗茶杯 -> 拿茶叶
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*/
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private CompletableFuture<String> f2 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(()->{
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System.out.println("T2: 洗茶壶...");
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ThreadUtil.sleep(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
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System.out.println("T2: 洗茶杯...");
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ThreadUtil.sleep(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
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System.out.println("T2: 拿茶叶...");
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ThreadUtil.sleep(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
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return " 龙井 ";
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});
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/**
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* 任务 3：任务 1 和任务 2 完成后执行：泡茶
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*/
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private CompletableFuture<String> f3 = f1.thenCombine(f2, (e, tf)->{
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System.out.println("T1: 拿到茶叶:" + tf);
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System.out.println("T1: 泡茶...");
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return " 上茶:" + tf;
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});
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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CompletableFutureExample example = new CompletableFutureExample();
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System.out.println(example.f3.join());
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}
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/**
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* 描述串行关系 thenApply
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*/
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static class SerialRelation{
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private static CompletableFuture<String> f0 =
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CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(
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() -> "Hello World") //①
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.thenApply(s -> s + " QQ") //②
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.thenApply(String::toUpperCase);//③
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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System.out.println(SerialRelation.f0.join());
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}
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}
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/**
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* 描述汇聚Or关系 thenApply
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*/
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static class ConvergeRelation{
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static CompletableFuture<String> f1 =
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CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(()->{
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int t = getRandom(5, 10);
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ThreadUtil.sleep(t, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
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return String.valueOf(t);
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});
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static CompletableFuture<String> f2 =
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CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(()->{
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int t = getRandom(5, 10);
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ThreadUtil.sleep(t, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
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return String.valueOf(t);
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});
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static CompletableFuture<String> f3 =
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f1.applyToEither(f2,s -> s);
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private static int getRandom(int i,int j){
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return (int) (Math.random() * (j - i)) +i;
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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System.out.println(ConvergeRelation.f3.join());
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}
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}
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/**
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* 处理异常 此例为发生异常默认为0
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*/
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static class ExceptionHandler{
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private static CompletableFuture<Integer>
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f0 = CompletableFuture
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.supplyAsync(()->7/0)
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.thenApply(r->r*10)
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.exceptionally(e->0);
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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System.out.println(ExceptionHandler.f0.join());
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}
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}
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}
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‎src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/completionservice/ExecutorCompletionServiceExample.java

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package com.example.concurrency.features.completionservice;
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import com.example.concurrency.features.threadPool.ThreadPoolBuilder;
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import java.util.ArrayList;
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import java.util.List;
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import java.util.concurrent.*;
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/**
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* 描述:
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* CompletionService BlockingQueue+Executor
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*
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* 批量执行异步任务 并且可以支持Forking Cluster模式即并行查询多个服务其中一个返回则结束
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* @author zed
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* @since 2019-07-03 10:07 AM
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*/
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public class ExecutorCompletionServiceExample {
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private Integer exe()throws InterruptedException{
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// 创建线程池
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ThreadPoolExecutor pool = ThreadPoolBuilder.fixedPool().setPoolSize(3).build();
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// 创建 CompletionService
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CompletionService<Integer> completionService = new ExecutorCompletionService<>(pool);
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// 用于保存 Future 对象
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List<Future<Integer>> futures = new ArrayList<>(3);
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// 提交异步任务，并保存 future 到 futures
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futures.add(completionService.submit(this::getCoderByS1));
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futures.add(completionService.submit(this::getCoderByS2));
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futures.add(completionService.submit(this::getCoderByS3));
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// 获取最快返回的任务执行结果
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Integer r = 0;
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try {
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// 只要有一个成功返回，则 break 这里因为要判断是否是正确的结果 所以会循环三次，如果不考虑结果正确性，第一次拿出来的就是最先执行完的结果
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for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
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try {
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r = completionService.take().get();
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} catch (ExecutionException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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// 简单地通过判空来检查是否成功返回
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if (r != null ) {
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break;
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}
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}
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} finally {
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// 取消所有任务
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for(Future<Integer> f : futures){
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f.cancel(true);
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}
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}
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pool.shutdown();
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// 返回结果
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return r;
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}
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private Integer getCoderByS1(){
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return null;
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}
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private Integer getCoderByS2(){
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return 2;
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}
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private Integer getCoderByS3(){
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return 3;
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException{
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System.out.println(new ExecutorCompletionServiceExample().exe());
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}
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}
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‎src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/concurrentHashMap/ConcurrentHashMapTest.java renamed to ‎src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/concurrenthashmap/ConcurrentHashMapTest.java

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package com.example.concurrency.features.concurrentHashMap;
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package com.example.concurrency.features.concurrenthashmap;
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/**
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* 描述:

‎src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/contentSwitch/ContentSwitchTest.java renamed to ‎src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/contentswitch/ContentSwitchTest.java

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package com.example.concurrency.features.contentSwitch;
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package com.example.concurrency.features.contentswitch;
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import com.example.concurrency.features.threadPool.ThreadPoolBuilder;
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‎src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/countDownLatchEx/CountDownLatchEx.java renamed to ‎src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/countdownlatch/CountDownLatchEx.java

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package com.example.concurrency.features.countDownLatchEx;
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package com.example.concurrency.features.countdownlatch;
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import com.example.concurrency.features.threadPool.ThreadPoolBuilder;
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‎src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/cyclicBarrierEx/CyclicBarrierEx.java renamed to ‎src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/cyclicbarrier/CyclicBarrierEx.java

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package com.example.concurrency.features.cyclicBarrierEx;
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package com.example.concurrency.features.cyclicbarrier;
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import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;

‎src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/deadLock/DeadLockTest.java renamed to ‎src/main/java/com/example/concurrency/features/deadlock/DeadLockTest.java

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package com.example.concurrency.features.deadLock;
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package com.example.concurrency.features.deadlock;
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import com.example.concurrency.features.threadPool.ThreadPoolBuilder;
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import com.example.concurrency.util.ThreadDumpHelper;

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