|
| 1 | +--- |
| 2 | +layout: post |
| 3 | +title: Ajax form表单提交 |
| 4 | +categories: js |
| 5 | +tags: ajax |
| 6 | +--- |
| 7 | + |
| 8 | +* content |
| 9 | +{:toc} |
| 10 | + |
| 11 | +# 原生FormData对象使用 |
| 12 | + |
| 13 | +* HTML创建form对象 |
| 14 | +``` |
| 15 | +var formElement = document.querySelector("form"); |
| 16 | +//或者这种写法 |
| 17 | +//var formData = new FormData(someFormElement); |
| 18 | +var request = new XMLHttpRequest(); |
| 19 | +request.open("POST", "submitform.php"); |
| 20 | +request.send(new FormData(formElement)); |
| 21 | +``` |
| 22 | +* 创建FormData对象 |
| 23 | +```js |
| 24 | +var formData = new FormData(); |
| 25 | + |
| 26 | +formData.append("username", "Groucho"); |
| 27 | +formData.append("accountnum", 123456); // 数字 123456 会被立即转换成字符串 "123456" |
| 28 | + |
| 29 | +// HTML 文件类型input,由用户选择 |
| 30 | +formData.append("userfile", fileInputElement.files[0]); |
| 31 | + |
| 32 | +// JavaScript file-like 对象 |
| 33 | +var content = '<a id="a"><b id="b">hey!</b></a>'; // 新文件的正文... |
| 34 | +var blob = new Blob([content], { type: "text/xml"}); |
| 35 | + |
| 36 | +formData.append("webmasterfile", blob); |
| 37 | + |
| 38 | +var request = new XMLHttpRequest(); |
| 39 | +request.open("POST", "http://foo.com/submitform.php"); |
| 40 | +request.send(formData); |
| 41 | +``` |
| 42 | + |
| 43 | +> (FormData 对象的字段类型可以是 Blob, File, 或者 string: 如果它的字段类型不是Blob也不是File,则会被转换成字符串类型。 |
| 44 | +
|
| 45 | +# JQuery form回调函数提交 |
| 46 | +```js |
| 47 | +// 不带文件上传的form回调提交 |
| 48 | +$("#ajaxform").submit(function(e) |
| 49 | +{ |
| 50 | + var postData = $(this).serializeArray(); |
| 51 | + var formURL = $(this).attr("action"); |
| 52 | + $.ajax( |
| 53 | + { |
| 54 | + url : formURL, |
| 55 | + type: "POST", |
| 56 | + data : postData, |
| 57 | + success:function(data, textStatus, jqXHR) |
| 58 | + { |
| 59 | + //data: return data from server |
| 60 | + }, |
| 61 | + error: function(jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown) |
| 62 | + { |
| 63 | + //if fails |
| 64 | + } |
| 65 | + }); |
| 66 | + e.preventDefault(); //STOP default action |
| 67 | + e.unbind(); //unbind. to stop multiple form submit. |
| 68 | +}); |
| 69 | + |
| 70 | +$("#ajaxform").submit(); //Submit the FORM |
| 71 | +``` |
| 72 | + |
| 73 | +```js |
| 74 | +// 带文件上传的form回调提交 |
| 75 | +$("#multiform").submit(function(e) |
| 76 | +{ |
| 77 | + var formObj = $(this); |
| 78 | + var formURL = formObj.attr("action"); |
| 79 | + var formData = new FormData(this); |
| 80 | + $.ajax({ |
| 81 | + url: formURL, |
| 82 | + type: 'POST', |
| 83 | + data: formData, |
| 84 | + mimeType:"multipart/form-data", |
| 85 | + contentType: false, |
| 86 | + cache: false, |
| 87 | + processData:false, |
| 88 | + success: function(data, textStatus, jqXHR) |
| 89 | + { |
| 90 | + |
| 91 | + }, |
| 92 | + error: function(jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown) |
| 93 | + { |
| 94 | + } |
| 95 | + }); |
| 96 | + e.preventDefault(); //Prevent Default action. |
| 97 | + e.unbind(); |
| 98 | +}); |
| 99 | +$("#multiform").submit(); //Submit the form |
| 100 | +``` |
| 101 | +# JQuery FormData对象上传文件 |
| 102 | + |
| 103 | +* HTML表单FormData初始化 |
| 104 | + |
| 105 | +```js |
| 106 | +$.ajax({ |
| 107 | + url: 'php/upload.php', |
| 108 | + data: data, |
| 109 | + cache: false, |
| 110 | + contentType: false, |
| 111 | + processData: false, |
| 112 | + type: 'POST', |
| 113 | + success: function(data){ |
| 114 | + alert(data); |
| 115 | + } |
| 116 | +}); |
| 117 | +``` |
| 118 | +> **注意** |
| 119 | +> *contentType:false* //强制JQuery不添加Content-Type头部,否则文件上传的分割线(boundary string)將丢失; |
| 120 | +> *processData:false* //如果设置为true JQuery则会將内容转换为string,这是错误的 |
| 121 | +
|
| 122 | + |
| 123 | +相关链接: |
| 124 | +[https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/FormData/Using_FormData_Objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/FormData/Using_FormData_Objects) |
| 125 | + |
| 126 | +[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5392344/sending-multipart-formdata-with-jquery-ajax](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5392344/sending-multipart-formdata-with-jquery-ajax) |
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