Code Scanning Python Tutorial

Welcome to the Code Scanning Python Tutorial! This tutorial will take you through how to set up Github Advanced Security: Code Scanning as well as interpret results that it may find. The following repository contains SQL injection vulnerability for demonstration purpose.

Introduction

Code scanning is a feature that you use to analyze the code in a GitHub repository to find security vulnerabilities and coding errors. Any problems identified by the analysis are shown in GitHub.

You can use code scanning with CodeQL, a semantic code analysis engine. CodeQL treats code as data, allowing you to find potential vulnerabilities in your code with greater confidence than traditional static analyzers.

This tutorial with use CodeQL Analysis with Code Scanning in order to search for vulnerabilities within your code.

Instructions

Fork this repo

Begin by forking this repo.

NOTE: Make sure you uncheck "Copy the main branch only"

Enable Code Scanning

Security tab

Click on the Security tab.

Set up code scanning

Click Set up code scanning.

Setup Workflow

Click the Setup this workflow button by CodeQL Analysis.

This will create a GitHub Actions Workflow file with CodeQL already set up. Since Python is an interpreted language you do not need to add any additional compile flags. See the documentation if you would like to configure CodeQL Analysis with a 3rd party CI system instead of using GitHub Actions.

Actions Workflow file

Actions Workflow

The Actions Workflow file contains a number of different sections including:

Checking out the repository
Initializing the CodeQL Action
Running the CodeQL Analysis

Click Start Commit -> Commit this file to commit the changes to main branch.

Workflow triggers

Workflow triggers

There are a number of events that can trigger a GitHub Actions workflow. In this example, the workflow will be triggered on

push to main branch
pull request to merge to main branch
on schedule, at 6:33 every Thursday

Setting up the new CodeQL workflow and committing it to main branch in the step above will trigger the scan.

GitHub Actions Progress

GitHub Actions Progress

Click Actions tab -> CodeQL

Click the specific workflow run. You can view the progress of the Workflow run until the analysis completes.

Security Issues

Once the Workflow has completed, click the Security tab -> Code Scanning Alerts. An security alert "Query built from user-controlled sources" should be visible.

Security Alert View

Clicking on the security alert will provide details about the security alert including:

A description of the issue
A tag to the CWE that it is connected to as well as the type of alert (Error, Warning, Note)
The line of code that triggered the security alert
The ability to dismiss the alert depending on certain conditions (`False positive`? `Won't fix`? `Used in tests`?)

Security Alert Description

Click Show more to view a full desciption of the alert including examples and links to additional information.

Security Full Description

Show Paths

Show Paths Button

CodeQL Analysis is able to trace the dataflow path from source to sink and gives you the ability to view the path traversal within the alert.

Click show paths in order to see the dataflow path that resulted in this alert.

Show Paths View

Fix the Security Alert

In order to fix this specific alert, we will need to ensure parameters used in the SQL query is validated and sanitized.

Click on the Code tab and Edit the file routes.py in the server folder, replace the content with the file fixme.

Click Create a new branch for this commit and start a pull request, name the branch fix-sql-injection, and create the Pull Request.

Pull Request Status Check

In the Pull Request, you will notice that the CodeQL Analysis has started as a status check. Wait until it completes.

Security Alert Details

After the Workflow has completed click on Details by the Code Scanning Results / CodeQL status check.

Fixed Alert

Notice that Code Scanning has detected that this Pull Request will fix the SQL injection vulnerability that was detected before.

Merge the Pull Request. After the Pull Request has been merged, another Workflow will kick off to scan the repository for any vulnerabilties.

Closed Security Alerts

After the final Workflow has completed, navigate back to the Security tab and click Closed. Notice that the Query built from user-controlled sources security alert now shows up as a closed issue.

Traceability

Click on the security alert and notice that it details when the fix was made, by whom, and the specific commit. This provides full traceability to detail when and how a security alert was fixed and exactly what was changed to remediate the issue.

Introduce a Security Vulnerability in a PR

Now let's explore the typical developer view when introducing a vulnerability.

A branch called new-feature introduces a new feature but also security vulnerabilities. Open a Pull Request comparing new-feature to main:

Go to the Pull Request tab
Select "New Pull Request"
Create the PR with
- base repository: <YOUR FORK>
- head repository: <YOUR FORK>
- base: main
- compare: new-feature
If you don't see the new-feature branch, change the head repository: octodemo/advanced-security-python

Pull Request Status Check

In the Pull Request, you will notice that the CodeQL Analysis has started as a status check again. Wait until it completes.

Security Alert Details

After the Workflow has completed click on Details by the Code Scanning Results / CodeQL status check.

Security Alert

Notice that Code Scanning has detected that this Pull Request will introduce 2 medium-severity vulnerabilties

'Files Changed' tab

Click on the "Files Changed" tab of the PR. Scroll down and notice the Advanced Security annotations for new vulnerabilities.

You have the ability to dismiss, dive deeper into, or comment on these alerts directly from here.

As a developer, this is where you would be interacting with Code Scanning

Next Steps

Ready to talk about advanced security features for GitHub Enterprise? Contact Sales for more information!

Check out GitHub's Security feature page for more security features embedded into GitHub.

Check out the Code Scanning documentation for additional configuration options and technical details.

License

github-adv-sec/ghas-bootcamp-python

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