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谈谈 Tomcat 架构及启动过程[含部署]：v1.0
- 未包含请求处理相关类的介绍，该部分内容会在 v2.0 中添加
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‎reading-notes/谈谈 Tomcat 架构及启动过程[含部署].md

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‎res/tomcat-architecture.png

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‎res/tomcat-architecture.pu

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@startuml
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class Bootstrap
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class Catalina
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class StandardServer
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class StandardService
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class Connector
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interface Container
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class ContainerBase
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Container <|.. ContainerBase
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class StandardEngine
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class StandardHost
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class StandardContext
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class StandardWrapper
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class StandardPipeline
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Bootstrap ..> Catalina
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Catalina *-- StandardServer
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StandardServer "1" *-- "*" StandardService
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StandardService "1" *-- "*" Connector
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StandardService *-- StandardEngine
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StandardEngine "1" *-- "*" StandardHost
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StandardHost "1" *-- "*" StandardContext
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StandardContext "1" *-- "*" StandardWrapper
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ContainerBase <|-- StandardEngine
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ContainerBase <|-- StandardHost
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ContainerBase <|-- StandardContext
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ContainerBase <|-- StandardWrapper
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ContainerBase *-- StandardPipeline
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footer
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图 1 Tomcat architecture
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endfooter
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@enduml

‎res/tomcat-background-thread.png

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‎res/tomcat-background-thread.pu

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@startuml
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activate ContainerBackgroundProcessor
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ContainerBackgroundProcessor -> ContainerBackgroundProcessor : processChildren(StandardEngine);
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activate ContainerBackgroundProcessor
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ContainerBackgroundProcessor -> StandardEngine : backgroundProcess()
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activate StandardEngine
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StandardEngine -> Cluster: backgroundProcess()
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StandardEngine -> Realm : backgroundProcess();
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StandardEngine -> Valve : backgroundProcess();
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deactivate StandardEngine
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ContainerBackgroundProcessor -> ContainerBackgroundProcessor : processChildren(StandardHost)
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activate ContainerBackgroundProcessor
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ContainerBackgroundProcessor -> StandardHost : backgroundProcess()
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activate StandardHost
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StandardHost -> HostConfig : fireLifecycleEvent(PERIODIC_EVENT)
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activate HostConfig
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HostConfig -> HostConfig : check()
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activate HostConfig
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HostConfig -> HostConfig : deployApps()[Hotdeploy application]
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deactivate HostConfig
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deactivate HostConfig
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deactivate StandardHost
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ContainerBackgroundProcessor -> ContainerBackgroundProcessor : processChildren(StandardContext)
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activate StandardContext
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ContainerBackgroundProcessor -> StandardContext : backgroundProcess()
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StandardContext -> WebappLoader : backgroundProcess();
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activate WebappLoader
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WebappLoader -> StandardContext : reload()
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activate StandardContext
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StandardContext -> StandardContext : setPaused(true);
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StandardContext -> StandardContext : stop();
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StandardContext -> StandardContext : start();
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StandardContext -> StandardContext : setPaused(false);
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deactivate StandardContext
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deactivate WebappLoader
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deactivate StandardContext
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deactivate ContainerBackgroundProcessor
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deactivate ContainerBackgroundProcessor
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deactivate ContainerBackgroundProcessor
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footer
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图 5 background thread
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endfooter
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@enduml

‎res/tomcat-context-start.png

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‎res/tomcat-context-start.pu

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@startuml
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activate StandardHost
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StandardHost -> StandardContext : Start()
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activate StandardContext
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StandardContext -> StandardContext : init()
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activate StandardContext
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StandardContext -> StandardContext : reconfigureStartStopExecutor()
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deactivate StandardContext
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StandardContext -> ContextConfig : lifecycleEvent(BEFORE_START_EVENT)
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activate ContextConfig
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ContextConfig -> ContextConfig : beforeStart();
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activate ContextConfig
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deactivate ContextConfig
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deactivate ContextConfig
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StandardContext -> StandardContext : startInternal()
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activate StandardContext
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StandardContext -> StandardRoot : setResource(new StandardRoot(this);)
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StandardContext -> StandardContext : resourceStart();
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activate StandardContext
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StandardContext -> StandardRoot : start()
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activate StandardRoot
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StandardRoot -> StandardRoot : init();
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StandardRoot -> StandardRoot : startInternal();
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activate StandardRoot
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StandardRoot -> StandardRoot : createMainResourceSet()
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activate StandardRoot
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DirResourceSet --> StandardRoot : new DirResourceSet
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deactivate StandardRoot
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StandardRoot -> StandardRoot : processWebInfLib();
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activate StandardRoot
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JarResourceSet --> StandardRoot : new JarResourceSet for *.jar in /WEB-INF/lib/
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deactivate StandardRoot
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deactivate StandardRoot
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deactivate StandardRoot
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deactivate StandardContext
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StandardContext -> StandardHost : getParentClassLoader()
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StandardHost --> StandardContext : sharedClassLoader
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StandardContext -> StandardContext : setLoader(new WebappLoader(sharedClassLoader))
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StandardContext -> StandardContext : postWorkDirectory();
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activate StandardContext
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StandardContext -> StandardContext : create work directory[work/<Engine>/<Host>/<Context>/]
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StandardContext -> StandardContext : getServletContext()
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activate StandardContext
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activate ApplicationContext
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ApplicationContextFacade --> ApplicationContext : new ApplicationContextFacade
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deactivate ApplicationContext
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StandardContext <-- ApplicationContext : new ApplicationContext(this)
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deactivate StandardContext
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deactivate StandardContext
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StandardContext -> WebappLoader : start()
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activate WebappLoader
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WebappLoader -> WebappLoader : createClassLoader()
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activate WebappLoader
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WebappLoader -> ParallelWebappClassLoader : newInstance();
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WebappLoader -> ParallelWebappClassLoader : config
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WebappLoader -> ParallelWebappClassLoader : start();
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activate ParallelWebappClassLoader
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ParallelWebappClassLoader -> ParallelWebappClassLoader : config repository [/WEB-INF/classes/ && /WEB-INF/lib/*.jar]
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deactivate ParallelWebappClassLoader
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deactivate WebappLoader
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deactivate WebappLoader
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StandardContext -> ContextConfig : lifecycleEvent(CONFIGURE_START_EVENT)
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activate ContextConfig
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ContextConfig -> ContextConfig : configureStart();
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activate ContextConfig
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ContextConfig -> ContextConfig : webConfig();
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activate ContextConfig
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ContextConfig -> ContextConfig : getDefaultWebXmlFragment()
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activate ContextConfig
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ContextConfig -> ContextConfig : getGlobalWebXmlSource()[conf/web.xml]
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ContextConfig -> ContextConfig : getHostWebXmlSource()[conf/<Engine>/<Host>/web.xml.default]
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deactivate ContextConfig
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ContextConfig -> WebXml : createWebXml();
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ContextConfig -> ContextConfig : getContextWebXmlSource()
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activate ContextConfig
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ContextConfig -> StandardRoot : getResource()[/WEB-INF/web.xml]
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StandardRoot --> ContextConfig : contextWebXml
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deactivate ContextConfig
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ContextConfig -> WebXmlParser : parseWebXml()[create Servlet,Listener, Filter ,etc,and add to StandardContext]
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ContextConfig -> ContextConfig : processAnnotationsWebResource() \n [analysis annotation of classes in /WEB-INF/classes] \n if the class has @WebServlet,@WebFilter,@WebListener annotation,\n then add to WebXml
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ContextConfig -> ContextConfig : merge global webxml and context webxml
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ContextConfig -> StandardContext : configureContext()
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activate ContextConfig
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deactivate ContextConfig
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ContextConfig -> StandardContext : setConfigured(true)
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deactivate ContextConfig
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deactivate ContextConfig
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deactivate ContextConfig
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StandardContext -> StandardWrapper : start();
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activate StandardWrapper
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deactivate StandardWrapper
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StandardContext -> StandardPipeline : start();
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activate StandardPipeline
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StandardPipeline -> Valve : start()
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deactivate StandardPipeline
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deactivate StandardContext
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deactivate StandardContext
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footer
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图 4 Tomcat Context start
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endfooter
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@enduml

‎res/tomcat-init.png

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‎res/tomcat-init.pu

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@startuml
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actor user
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activate CatalinaProperties
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activate ClassLoaderFactory
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CatalinaProperties -> CatalinaProperties : loadProperties();
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user -> Bootstrap : main()
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activate Bootstrap
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Bootstrap -> Bootstrap : init()
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activate Bootstrap
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Bootstrap -> Bootstrap : initClassLoaders()
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activate Bootstrap
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Bootstrap -> Bootstrap: createClassLoader()
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activate Bootstrap
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Bootstrap -> CatalinaProperties : getProperty("common.loader")
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Bootstrap <-- CatalinaProperties : common.loader
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Bootstrap -> ClassLoaderFactory : createClassLoader();
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Bootstrap <-- ClassLoaderFactory : classLoader
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deactivate Bootstrap
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deactivate Bootstrap
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Bootstrap -> Catalina : startupClass.newInstance();
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activate Catalina
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Bootstrap <-- Catalina : a instance of Catalina
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Bootstrap -> Catalina : setParentClassLoader(sharedLoader)
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deactivate Bootstrap
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Bootstrap -> Bootstrap : setAwait(true)
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activate Bootstrap
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Bootstrap -> Catalina : setAwait(true)
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deactivate Bootstrap
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Bootstrap -> Bootstrap : load();
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activate Bootstrap
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Bootstrap -> Catalina : load();
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Catalina -> Catalina : initDirs();
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Catalina -> Catalina : initNaming();
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Catalina -> Catalina : createStartDigester();
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activate Catalina
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Catalina -> Catalina : config digester rule set for server.xml
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Catalina -> Digester : parse(); parse from config/server.xml
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activate Digester
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Digester -> StandardServer : newInstance();
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activate StandardServer
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StandardServer -> StandardServer : set port and shutdown property
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StandardServer -> Catalina : setServer();
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Digester -> Listener : newInstance();
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activate Listener
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Listener -> Listener : set property
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Listener -> StandardServer : addLifeCycleListener()
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deactivate Listener
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Digester -> NamingResourcesImpl : newInstance()
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activate NamingResourcesImpl
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NamingResourcesImpl -> NamingResourcesImpl : setProperty
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NamingResourcesImpl -> StandardServer : setGlobalNamingResources();
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deactivate NamingResourcesImpl
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Digester -> StandardService : new Instance
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activate StandardService
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StandardService -> StandardService : set name property;
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StandardService -> StandardServer : addService();
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activate StandardServer
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StandardServer -> StandardService : setServer()
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deactivate StandardServer
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Digester -> Connector : newInstance()
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activate Connector
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Connector -> Http11NioProtocol : newInstance()
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activate Http11NioProtocol
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activate NioEndPoint
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activate NioSelectorPool
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NioEndPoint -> Http11NioProtocol : new NioEndPoint();
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deactivate Http11NioProtocol
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Connector -> Connector : set port,protocol,etc property
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Connector -> StandardService : addConnector()
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Digester -> StandardEngine : newInstance();
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activate StandardEngine
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StandardEngine -> Engine.StandardPipeline : new StandardPipeline(this);
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activate Engine.StandardPipeline
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Engine.StandardPipeline -> StandardEngine : setContainer()
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Engine.StandardPipeline -> StandardEngineValve : setBasic()
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activate StandardEngineValve
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deactivate StandardEngineValve
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deactivate Engine.StandardPipeline
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StandardEngine -> StandardEngine : addLifecycleListener(EngineConfig)
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StandardEngine -> StandardEngine : setproperty
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StandardEngine -> StandardService : setContainer()
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Digester -> LockOutRealm : newInstance()
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LockOutRealm -> StandardEngine : setRealm();
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Digester -> StandardHost : newInstance();
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activate StandardHost
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StandardHost -> Host.StandardPipeline : new StandardPipeline(this);
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activate Host.StandardPipeline
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Host.StandardPipeline -> StandardHost : setContainer();
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Host.StandardPipeline -> StandardHostValve : setBasic();
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activate StandardHostValve
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deactivate StandardHostValve
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deactivate Host.StandardPipeline
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StandardHost -> StandardEngine : getParentClassLoader();
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StandardEngine -> StandardService : getParentClassLoader();
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StandardService -> StandardServer : getParentClassLoader();
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StandardServer -> Catalina : getParentClassLoader();
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Catalina --> StandardHost : sharedClassLoader
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StandardHost -> StandardHost : setParentClassLoader()
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StandardHost -> StandardHost : addLifecycleListener(HostConfig);
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StandardHost -> StandardHost : setProperty
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StandardHost -> StandardEngine : addChild();
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activate StandardEngine
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StandardEngine -> StandardHost : setParent();
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deactivate StandardEngine
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Digester -> AccessLogValve : newInstance();
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activate AccessLogValve
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AccessLogValve -> AccessLogValve : setProperty
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AccessLogValve -> StandardHost : addValve()
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deactivate AccessLogValve
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deactivate Digester
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Catalina -> StandardServer : setCatalina, setCatalinaBase, setCatalinaHome
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StandardServer -> StandardServer: initStream();
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Catalina -> StandardServer : init();
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activate StandardServer
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StandardServer -> StandardServer : initInternal()
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activate StandardServer
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StandardServer -> StandardService : init()
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activate StandardService
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StandardService -> StandardService : initInternal()
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activate StandardService
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StandardService -> StandardEngine : init()
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activate StandardEngine
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StandardEngine -> StandardEngine : reconfigureStartStopExecutor()
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deactivate StandardEngine
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StandardService -> Connector : init()
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activate Connector
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Connector -> Connector : new CoyoteAdapter(this);
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Connector -> Http11NioProtocol : init();
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activate Http11NioProtocol
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Http11NioProtocol -> Http11NioProtocol : getName();
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Http11NioProtocol -> NioEndPoint : setName()
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activate NioEndPoint
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NioEndPoint -> NioEndPoint : bind();
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activate NioEndPoint
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NioEndPoint -> NioEndPoint : initServerSocket();
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NioEndPoint -> NioSelectorPool : open();
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deactivate NioEndPoint
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deactivate NioEndPoint
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deactivate Http11NioProtocol
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deactivate Connector
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deactivate StandardService
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deactivate StandardService
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deactivate StandardServer
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deactivate StandardServer
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deactivate Catalina
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deactivate Bootstrap
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Bootstrap -> Bootstrap : start();
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deactivate Bootstrap
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footer
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图 2 Tomcat init
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endfooter
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@enduml

‎res/tomcat-start.png

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