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自动化测试脚本以及自动化测试框架unittest
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‎.idea/inspectionProfiles/Project_Default.xml

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‎.idea/workspace.xml

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‎README.md

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# AutomatedTestingDemo
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自动化测试框架测试Demo
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## Android APP 自动化测试框架
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### Android APP 自动化测试
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### 自动化测试环境安装
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#### 自动化测试环境安装
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- Node.js - [下载地址]( https://nodejs.org/en/download/)
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> 软件安装以及环境配置可以参考这篇文章：[参考文章](https://blog.csdn.net/zh175578809/article/details/76780054)
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#### 编写自动化测试Demo
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下面的demo是对系统自带的计算器APP进行测试的，界面元素的id和包名都是通过UIAutomator获取的。
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```python
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from appium import webdriver
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desired_caps = {}
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desired_caps['platformName'] = 'Android'
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desired_caps['platformVersion'] = '9.0'
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desired_caps['deviceName'] = '192.168.115.101:5555'
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desired_caps['appPackage'] = 'com.android.calculator2'
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desired_caps['appActivity'] = '.Calculator'
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desired_caps["unicodeKeyboard"] = "True"
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desired_caps["resetKeyboard"] = "True"
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driver = webdriver.Remote('http://localhost:4723/wd/hub', desired_caps)
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driver.find_element_by_id("digit_1").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("digit_3").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("digit_5").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("op_add").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("digit_8").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("digit_9").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("op_mul").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("digit_3").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("digit_9").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("digit_2").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("eq").click()
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result = driver.find_element_by_id("result").text
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if result == "30,352":
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print "pass"
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else:
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print "fail"
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# 一定记得退出driver，不然下次运行会直接报错，除非在Appium中手动停止连接
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driver.quit()
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```
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先运行Appium，点击android图标进行设置，主要设置platformVersion，我是用的Appium版本为appium1.4.16，由于appium1.4.16版本最高只支持安卓6.0版本，所以可以[参考这篇文章](https://www.jianshu.com/p/0136e26eee36)进行一些修改设置，然后运行Appium启动连接，再运行上面的demo，可以得到下面的输出结果：
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```
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E:\Python27\python.exe F:/code/AutomatedTestingDemo/test_demo/test_demo.py
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35,023
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Process finished with exit code 0
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```
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### Android APP 自动化测试框架
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#### Unittest框架
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> 使用unittest编写用例，必须遵守以下规则:
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>
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> 1、测试文件必须先import unittest；
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>
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> 2、测试类必须继承unittest.TestCase；
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>
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> 3、测试方法必须以“test_”开头；
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>
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> 4、测试类必须要有unittest.main()方法。
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##### Test Fixture
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> A test fixture represents the preparation needed to perform one or more tests, and any assoicate cleanup actions.
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- setUp() : 进行测试前的初始化工作。
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- testCase() : 进行测试工作，可以有很多个
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- tearDown() : 执行测试后的清除工作。
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使用unittest改写上面的自动化测试脚本
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```python
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import unittest
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from appium import webdriver
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class MyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
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def setUp(self):
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desired_caps = {}
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desired_caps['platformName'] = 'Android'
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desired_caps['platformVersion'] = '9.0'
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desired_caps['deviceName'] = '192.168.115.101:5555'
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desired_caps['appPackage'] = 'com.android.calculator2'
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desired_caps['appActivity'] = '.Calculator'
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desired_caps["unicodeKeyboard"] = "True"
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desired_caps["resetKeyboard"] = "True"
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self.driver = webdriver.Remote('http://localhost:4723/wd/hub', desired_caps)
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def test_something(self):
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_1").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_3").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_5").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("op_add").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_8").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_9").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("op_mul").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_3").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_9").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_2").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("eq").click()
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result = self.driver.find_element_by_id("result").text
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self.assertEqual(result, "35,023")
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def tearDown(self):
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# 一定记得退出driver，不然下次运行会直接报错，除非在Appium中手动停止连接
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self.driver.quit()
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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unittest.main()
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```
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运行结果：
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```
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Testing started at 11:56 ...
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E:\Python27\python.exe "E:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm Community Edition 2019.1.3\helpers\pycharm\_jb_unittest_runner.py" --target unittestdemo.MyTestCase
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Launching unittests with arguments python -m unittest unittestdemo.MyTestCase in F:\code\AutomatedTestingDemo
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Ran 1 test in 16.699s
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OK
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Process finished with exit code 0
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```
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##### Test Case & Test Suite &Test Runner
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官网的含义介绍：
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> A test case is the smallest unit of testing. It checks for a specific response to a particular set of inputs. 测试用例是最小的测试单元。它检查对特定输入集的特定响应。
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>
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> A test suite is a collection of test cases, test suites, or both. It is used to aggregate tests taht should be executed together. 测试套件是测试用例、测试套件或两者的集合。它用于聚合应该一起执行的测试。
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>
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> A test runner is a component thich orchestrates the execution of tests and provides the outcome to the user. 测试运行器是一个组件，它协调测试的执行并向用户提供结果。
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###### 应用Test Suite 和Test Runner 运行自动化脚本
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```python
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import unittestdemo
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import unittest
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# 以一个类的维度去执行
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cases = unittest.TestLoader.loadTestsFromTestCase(unittestdemo.MyTestCase)
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# 可以一次添加多个cases
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my_suite = unittest.TestSuite([cases])
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# 添加单个测试用例，在使用ddt后，将会不可用
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# my_suite = unittest.TestSuite()
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# my_suite.addTest(unittestdemo.MyTestCase("test_something"))
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my_runner = unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2)
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my_runner.run(my_suite)
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```
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##### 数据驱动DDT
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[官网](https://pypi.org/project/ddt/)
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> DDT(Data-Driven Tests) allows you to multiply one test case by runing it with different test data, and make it appear as multiple test cases.
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>
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> DDT（数据驱动测试）允许您将一个测试用例与不同的测试数据一起运行，从而使它显示为多个测试用例。
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###### 数据驱动DDT的使用
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- 准备第三方库
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> 首先安装ddt库， 其次在脚本中引入ddt
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- 使用
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```python
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import unittest
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from ddt import ddt, data, unpack
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# 声明该测试类采用ddt
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@ddt
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class MyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
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# 使用元祖存放被测试的数据，一次只有一个参数的情况，每一组数据都会执行一次测试用例
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@data(1, 2, 3)
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def test_something(self, value):
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print value
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self.assertEqual(value, 2)
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# 使用元祖存放被测试的数据，一次有多个参数的情况，每一组数据都会执行一次测试用例
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@data((1, 2), (2, 3))
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@unpack
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def test_something(self, value1, value2):
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print value1, value2
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self.assertEqual(value2, value1 + 1)
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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unittest.main()
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```
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- 用ddt改写测试系统计算器的测试脚本
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```python
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import unittest
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from appium import webdriver
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from ddt import ddt, data, unpack
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@ddt
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class MyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
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def setUp(self):
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desired_caps = {'platformName': 'Android', 'platformVersion': '9.0', 'deviceName': '192.168.115.101:5555',
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'appPackage': 'com.android.calculator2', 'appActivity': '.Calculator',
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"unicodeKeyboard": "True", "resetKeyboard": "True"}
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self.driver = webdriver.Remote('http://localhost:4723/wd/hub', desired_caps)
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@data("30,352", "35,023", "12,345", "32,053")
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def test_something(self, expected_result):
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_1").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_3").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_5").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("op_add").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_8").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_9").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("op_mul").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_3").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_9").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_2").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("eq").click()
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result = self.driver.find_element_by_id("result").text
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self.assertEqual(result, expected_result)
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def tearDown(self):
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# 一定记得退出driver，不然下次运行会直接报错，除非在Appium中手动停止连接
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self.driver.quit()
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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unittest.main()
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```
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‎ddttest.py

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# encoding=utf-8
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import unittest
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from ddt import ddt, data, unpack
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@ddt
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class MyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
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@data(1, 2, 3)
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def test_something(self, value):
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print value
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self.assertEqual(value, 2)
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@data((1, 2), (2, 3))
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@unpack
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def test_something(self, value1, value2):
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print value1, value2
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self.assertEqual(value2, value1 + 1)
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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unittest.main()

‎mytestrunner.py

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# encoding=utf-8
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import unittestdemo
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import unittest
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# 以一个类的维度去执行
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cases = unittest.TestLoader.loadTestsFromTestCase(unittestdemo.MyTestCase)
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# 可以一次添加多个cases
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my_suite = unittest.TestSuite([cases])
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# 添加单个测试用例，在使用ddt后，将会不可用
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# my_suite = unittest.TestSuite()
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# my_suite.addTest(unittestdemo.MyTestCase("test_something"))
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my_runner = unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2)
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my_runner.run(my_suite)

‎test_demo/__init__.py

Whitespace-only changes.

‎test_demo/test_demo.py

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# encoding=utf-8
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from appium import webdriver
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desired_caps = {}
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desired_caps['platformName'] = 'Android'
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desired_caps['platformVersion'] = '9.0'
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desired_caps['deviceName'] = '192.168.115.101:5555'
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desired_caps['appPackage'] = 'com.android.calculator2'
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desired_caps['appActivity'] = '.Calculator'
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desired_caps["unicodeKeyboard"] = "True"
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desired_caps["resetKeyboard"] = "True"
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driver = webdriver.Remote('http://localhost:4723/wd/hub', desired_caps)
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driver.find_element_by_id("digit_1").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("digit_3").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("digit_5").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("op_add").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("digit_8").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("digit_9").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("op_mul").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("digit_3").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("digit_9").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("digit_2").click()
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driver.find_element_by_id("eq").click()
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result = driver.find_element_by_id("result").text
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if result == "30,352":
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print "pass"
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else:
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print "fail"
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# 一定记得退出driver，不然下次运行会直接报错，除非在Appium中手动停止连接
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driver.quit()

‎unittestdemo.py

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# encoding=utf-8
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import unittest
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from appium import webdriver
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from ddt import ddt, data, unpack
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@ddt
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class MyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
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def setUp(self):
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desired_caps = {'platformName': 'Android', 'platformVersion': '9.0', 'deviceName': '192.168.115.101:5555',
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'appPackage': 'com.android.calculator2', 'appActivity': '.Calculator',
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"unicodeKeyboard": "True", "resetKeyboard": "True"}
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self.driver = webdriver.Remote('http://localhost:4723/wd/hub', desired_caps)
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@data("30,352", "35,023", "12,345", "32,053")
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def test_something(self, expected_result):
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_1").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_3").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_5").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("op_add").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_8").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_9").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("op_mul").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_3").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_9").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("digit_2").click()
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self.driver.find_element_by_id("eq").click()
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result = self.driver.find_element_by_id("result").text
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self.assertEqual(result, expected_result)
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def tearDown(self):
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# 一定记得退出driver，不然下次运行会直接报错，除非在Appium中手动停止连接
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self.driver.quit()
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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unittest.main()

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