Bug Report

When using dataclasses.replace with **dict syntax, the argument is compared against all fields, producing spurious errors.

To Reproduce

See also https://mypy-play.net/?mypy=master&python=3.12&gist=5f9e333caa33da7a378c572b253bd973

import dataclasses

@dataclasses.dataclass
class X:
    a: int = 1
    b: str = "foo"
    c: None = None
    d: int = 2
    e: str = "bar"
    f: None = None

x = X()
x = dataclasses.replace(x, **{"y": 10})

Expected Behavior

It should be accepted. This construct would be expected to undermine type checking, but not to be rejected outright (or for a different reason).

Actual Behavior

main.py:14: error: Argument 2 to "replace" of "X" has incompatible type "**dict[str, int]"; expected "str"  [arg-type]
main.py:14: error: Argument 2 to "replace" of "X" has incompatible type "**dict[str, int]"; expected "None"  [arg-type]
Found 2 errors in 1 file (checked 1 source file)

Note that the error messages are even contradicting each other.

Your Environment

• Mypy version used: mypy 1.16.0 (compiled: yes)
• Mypy command-line flags: None.
• Mypy configuration options from mypy.ini (and other config files): None created.
• Python version used: Python 3.12.7

Reloaded reports

#19193 might be related, but it is different enough to probably be a different issue, that just happens to affect the same function.