sum_of_elements = sum(<list>)

elementwise_sum = [sum(pair) for pair in zip(list_a, list_b)]

sorted_by_second = sorted(<list>, key=lambda el: el[1])

sorted_by_both = sorted(<list>, key=lambda el: (el[1], el[0]))

flattened_list = list(itertools.chain.from_iterable(<list>))

list_of_chars = list(<str>)

product_of_elems = functools.reduce(lambda out, x: out * x, <list>)

no_duplicates = list(set(<list>)) # Does not preserve order

no_duplicates_ordered = list(dict.fromkeys(<list>)) # Preserves order

<bool> = <set>.issubset(<set>) # Or: <set> < <set>

<bool> = <set>.issuperset(<set>) # Or: <set> > <set>

from timeit import default_timer

from datetime import timedelta

def stopwatch(func):

"""Print runtime of decorated function."""

def wrap(*args, **kw):

start = default_timer()

result = func(*args, **kw)

delta = timedelta(seconds=(default_timer() - start))

print(f"Function {func.__name__} finished in {delta}")

return result

return wrap

import cProfile

def profiler(func):

"""Decorator.

def wrap(*args, **kwargs):

profile = cProfile.Profile()

result = profile.runcall(func, *args, **kwargs)

with open(f"profile_{func.__name__}.txt", "w") as stream:

stats = pstats.Stats(profile, stream=stream)

stats.strip_dirs().sort_stats("tottime")

stats.print_stats(20)

print(f"Profile saved as 'profile_{func.__name__}.txt'")

return result

return wrap

def tracer(func):

"""Print a trace of the input and output of a function in one line."""

def traced_func(*args, **kwargs):

result = func(*args, **kwargs)

if len(args) is not 0:

argslist = ", ".join(f"{x}" for x in args)

if len(kwargs) is not 0:

argslist = argslist + ", " if len(kwargs) is not 0 else ""

else:

argslist = ""

if len(kwargs) is not 0:

kwargslist = ", ".join([f"{k}={v}" for k, v in kwargs.items()])

else:

kwargslist = ""

print(

f"{func.__name__}({argslist}{kwargslist}) = {result}")

return result

return traced_func