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2016-05-08补充Keepalived内容
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‎Nginx-Keepalived-Install-And-Settings.md

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# Nginx + Keepalived 高可用
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## 说明
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- 高可用 HA（High Availability），简单讲就是：我某个应用挂了，自动有另外应用起来接着扛着，致使整个服务对外来看是没有中断过的。这里的重点就是不中断，致使公司整个业务能不断进行中，把影响减到最小，赚得更多。
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- 因为要不中断，所以我们就需要用到了 Keepalived。Keepalived 一般不会单独使用，基本都是跟负载均衡软件（LVS、HAProxy、Nginx）一起工作来达到集群的高可用效果。
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- Keepalived 有双主、主备方案
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- 常用词：
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- 心跳：Master 会主动给 Backup 发送心跳检测包以及对外的网络功能，而 Backup 负责接收 Master 的心跳检测包，随时准备接管主机。为什么叫心跳不知道，但是挺形象的，心跳同步。
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- 选举：Keepalived 配置的时候可以指定各台主机优先级，Master 挂了，各台 Backup 要选举出一个新的 Master。
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- Keepalived
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- 官网：<http://www.keepalived.org/>
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- 官网下载：<http://www.keepalived.org/download.html>
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- 官网文档：<http://www.keepalived.org/documentation.html>
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## 搭建
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- 软件版本：
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- Nginx：**1.8.1**
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- Keepalived：**1.2.20**
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- JDK：**8u72**
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- Tomcat：**8.0.32**
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- 部署环境：
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- VIP：192.168.1.50
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- 第一台主机：Nginx 1 + Keepalived 1 + Tomcat 1 == 192.168.1.120（Master）
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- 第二台主机：Nginx 2 + Keepalived 2 + Tomcat 2 == 192.168.1.121（Backup）
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- 两台机子进行时间校准：[NTP（Network Time Protocol）介绍](NTP.md)
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- 第一台主机部署（第二台主机也是按着这样完全配置）：
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- JDK 的安装：[JDK 安装](JDK-Install.md)
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- Tomcat 的安装：[Tomcat 安装和配置、优化](Tomcat-Install-And-Settings.md)
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- Nginx 的安装：[Nginx 安装和配置](Nginx-Install-And-Settings.md)
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- 添加虚拟 IP：
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- 复制一个网卡信息：`sudo cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0:0`
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- 编辑配置文件：`sudo vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0:0`
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- 修改内容为如下信息：
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``` nginx
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DEVICE=eth0:0 >>> 这个需要修改
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TYPE=Ethernet
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UUID=8ddbb256-caab-4ddf-8e9a-6527b4ac5a26
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ONBOOT=yes
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NM_CONTROLLED=yes
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BOOTPROTO=none
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IPADDR=192.168.1.50 >>> 这个需要修改
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PREFIX=24
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GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
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DNS1=101.226.4.6
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DEFROUTE=yes
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IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes
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IPV6INIT=no
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NAME="System eth0:0" >>> 这个需要修改
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HWADDR=00:0c:29:f4:17:db
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LAST_CONNECT=1460213205
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```
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- 重启网卡服务：`service network restart`
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- 如果你要绑定更多虚拟 IP，则多复制几个网卡配置出来，命名如下：ifcfg-eth0:0，ifcfg-eth0:1，ifcfg-eth0:2 ......
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- Keepalived 开始安装
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- 安装依赖：`sudo yum install -y gcc openssl-devel popt-devel`
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- 解压包：`cd /opt/setups/ ; tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.20.tar.gz`
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- 编译：`cd /opt/setups/keepalived-1.2.20 ; ./configure --prefix=/usr/program/keepalived`
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- 编译安装：`make && make install`
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- Keepalived 设置随机启动
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- 复制配置文件到启动脚本目录：`cp /usr/program/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/keepalived`
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- 增加权限：`chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived`
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- 编辑配置文件：`vim /etc/init.d/keepalived`
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``` nginx
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把 15 行的：. /etc/sysconfig/keepalived，改为：
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. /usr/program/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived（注意：前面有一个点和空格需要注意）
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```
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- 添加环境变量：`vim /etc/profile`
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``` nginx
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# Keepalived 配置
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KEEPALIVED_HOME=/usr/program/keepalived
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PATH=$PATH:$KEEPALIVED_HOME/sbin
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export KEEPALIVED_HOME
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export PATH
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```
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- 刷新环境变量：`source /etc/profile`
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- 检测环境变量：`keepalived -v`
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- `ln -s /usr/program/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/`
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- `vim /usr/program/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived`
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``` nginx
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把 14 行的：KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS="-D"，改为：
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KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS="-D -f /usr/program/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf"
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```
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- 启动服务：`service keepalived start`
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- 加入随机启动：`chkconfig keepalived on`
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- 第一台主机配置：
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- ``
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- ``
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- ``
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- ``
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- ``
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- ``
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- ``
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- ``
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- ``
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- 第二台主机配置：
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## 资料
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- <http://xutaibao.blog.51cto.com/7482722/1669123>
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- <https://m.oschina.net/blog/301710>
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- <http://blog.csdn.net/u010028869/article/details/50612571>
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- <>
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‎README.md

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- [RabbitMQ 安装和配置](RabbitMQ-Install-And-Settings.md)
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- [Openfire 安装和配置](Openfire-Install-And-Settings.md)
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- [Rap 安装和配置](Rap-Install-And-Settings.md)
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- [Nginx + Keepalived 高可用](Rap-Install-And-Settings.md)
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- [黑客入侵检查](Was-Hacked.md)
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- LVS 安装和配置
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- Zookeeper 安装和配置
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- ActiveMQ 服务安装和配置
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- RabbitMQ 服务安装和配置
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- GitLab 安装和配置
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- Zabbix 安装和配置
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- Nagios 安装和配置

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