Australo-Melanesian: Difference between revisions

[[File:Untouchables of Malabar Kerala Dravidian Australoid.png|thumb|Australoid [[Adivasi]] from [[India]]]]

'''Australoid''' (also '''Australasian''', '''Australo-Melanesian''', '''Veddoid''',<ref name=LCS1994>Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, Paolo Menozzi, Alberto Piazza, ''The History and Geography of Human Genes'' (1994), [https://books.google.ch/books?id=FrwNcwKaUKoC&pg=PA241 p. 241]. R. P. Pathak, ''Education in the Emerging India'' (2007), [https://books.google.ch/books?id=z_OCjp-T2vIC&pg=PA137 p. 137].</ref>) is a broad [[Race (human classification)|racial classification]] used to refer to certain peoples indigenous to [[South Asia|South]] and [[Southeast Asia]] and [[Oceania]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Pearson|first1=Roger|title=Anthropological Glossary|date=1985|publisher=Krieger Publishing Company|pages=20, 128, 267|url=https://www.google.com/books?id=HjANAAAAYAAJ|accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>

The Australoid type was held to have been common among [[Aboriginal Australians]], [[Melanesians]], the populations grouped as "[[Negrito]]" (the [[Andamanese]], the [[Semang]] and [[Batek people]], the [[Maniq people]], the [[Aeta people]], the [[Ati people]], and various other [[ethnic groups in the Philippines]]), as well as certain [[tribes of India]] (including the [[Vedda]] of [[Sri Lanka]], and a number of tribal populations in the interior of the [[Indian subcontinent]]<ref>T. Pullaiah, K. V. Krishnamurthy, Bir Bahadur, ''Ethnobotany of India, Volume 5: The Indo-Gangetic Region and Central India'' (2017), [https://books.google.ch/books?id=ErE0DwAAQBAJ&pg=PP26#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 26] names: the tribes of Chota Nagpur, the Baiga, Gond, Bhil, Santal and Oroan tribes; counted as of partial Australoid and partial [[Mongoloid]] ancestry are certain Munda-speaking groups (Munda, Gadaba, Santals) and certain Dravidian-speaking groups (Maria, Muria, Gond, Oroan).</ref>). There is a long-standing hypothesis which derives [[Dravidians]] from an originally Australoid stock,

<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sarat Chandra Roy (Ral Bahadur)|title=Man in India - Volume 80|date=2000|publisher=A. K. Bose|page=59|url=https://www.google.com/books?id=wPhEAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=21 May 2018}}</ref> a theory of which [[Biraja Sankar Guha]] was a proponent.<ref>R. R. Bhattacharya et al. (eds., ''Anthropology of B.S. Guha: a centenary tribute'' (1996), p. 50.</ref>

There is a speculative theory which proposes that an early Australoid population may have been the earliest occupants of the New World. The theory was first proposed by [[Walter Neves]] in the 1990s based on an analysis of the [[Luzia Woman]] fossil found in Brazil, and has since found some support in genetic studies.<ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_19960408/ai_n14052462 ''Ancient voyage of discovery'', Independent, The (London), Apr 8, 1996 by David Keys]</ref><ref>[http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa003&articleID=000E8538-F33D-139D-B33D83414B7F0000 ''Scientific American'', Skulls Suggest Differing Stocks for First Americans, December 13, 2005]</ref><ref>[http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/12/1212_051212_humans_americas.html ''National Geographic'', Americas Settled by Two Groups of Early Humans, Study Says, Dec 12, 2005]

</ref>

If this hypothesis is correct, it would mean that some Australoid groups continued the [[Great Coastal Migration]] beyond [[Southeast Asia]] along the continental shelf north in [[East Asia]] and across the [[Beringia|Bering land bridge]], reaching the [[Americas]] by about 50,000 years ago.