Koo Kwang-ming (Chinese: 辜寬敏; pinyin: Gū Kuānmǐn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ko͘ Khoan-bín; 15 October 1926 – 27 February 2023)[1] was a Taiwanese statesman, businessman, and independence activist.
Koo Kwang-ming | |
|---|---|
| 辜寬敏 | |
 | |
| Senior Advisor to the President | |
| In office 9 November 2016 – 27 February 2023 | |
| President | Tsai Ing-wen |
| In office 20 May 2000 – 20 May 2008 | |
| President | Chen Shui-bian |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 15 October 1926 Rokkō Town, Shōka District, Taichu Prefecture, Japanese Taiwan (modern-day Lukang, Changhua, Taiwan) |
| Died | 27 February 2023 (aged 96) Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan |
| Political party | Democratic Progressive Party |
| Education | National Taiwan University |
Personal life
editKoo was the eighth son of Koo Hsien-jung, a prominent Lukang businessman who had relocated to Taipei at the time of the Treaty of Shimonoseki, when Taiwan was ceded by the Qing Dynasty to the Empire of Japan.[2] He swiftly made common cause with the Japanese colonial authorities in Taiwan and grew extremely wealthy during the period of Japanese rule. The family proved adept at bending with the political winds, and Koo's older brother Koo Chen-fu became a confidant of Chiang Kai-shek. Koo Kwang-ming, however, went into exile in Japan after the 228 massacre, where he lived for decades as an advocate for Taiwanese independence. His son born in Kobe, Richard Koo, is a prominent economist in Japan.
Koo was married twice and had three children.[3] Koo died at Taipei Veterans General Hospital on 27 February 2023.[4][5] A memorial was held in early March 2023 at Taiwan New Constitution Foundation offices in Taipei.[6]
Political career
editKoo enrolled at what became National Taiwan University in 1941 to study political science. He became chair of the school's student association, and was actively opposed to the Kuomintang. He left Taiwan for Hong Kong soon after the 228 incident, and later settled in Japan.[7] In 1972, Koo traveled in secret from Japan via Thailand to Taiwan. He met Chiang Ching-kuo, son of ruler Chiang Kai-shek to argue for the lifting of martial law. As a consequence he was expelled from the Japanese chapter of WUFI. The younger Chiang invited Koo to end his exile to "share in the affairs of the country". Koo accepted, but on landing in Taiwan was upset to see his return described as "surrender" in an evening newspaper. He replied that he "had not returned to surrender, but to bring my influence to bear [on the situation]".[8] Influential independence activist Su Beng contradicted this assertion, accusing Koo of "surrendering to the Chiang government".[9] Koo joined the Democratic Progressive Party in 1996, when fellow independence activist Peng Ming-min received its presidential nomination.[7] Koo later served president Chen Shui-bian as an adviser, resigning his post and DPP membership in 2005.[10]
2008 DPP leadership bid
editAfter the DPP's comprehensive defeat in the 2008 Democratic Progressive Party chairmanship election, a leadership election was held to find the new party chairperson. Koo, then 82 years old, stood as a candidate. The campaign was notable for controversial remarks made by Koo about the suitability of an unmarried woman to lead,[11] widely interpreted as an attack on the eventual winner, Tsai Ing-wen, who became the first elected female head of the party.
| Candidate | Total votes cast | Percentage of vote | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tsai Ing-wen | 73,865 | 57.1% | [12] |
| Koo Kwang-ming | 48,882 | 37.8% | |
| Chai Trong-rong | 6,530 | 5.1% | |
| Voter turnout | 51.1% | ||
Koo was appointed adviser to Tsai Ing-wen in November 2016, four months after she had taken office as President of the Republic of China.[13]
Philanthropy
editIn 2014 Koo announced that he would be giving away half of his fortune, NT$3 billion, through his New Taiwan Peace Foundation.[14] This included prizes such as an award for Taiwanese historical fiction.[15]
Political stances
editAfter Panama ended bilateral relations with Taiwan in June 2017, Koo and Yu Shyi-kun announced that the Tsai Ing-wen administration should renounce the Republic of China and seek international recognition as Taiwan.[16][17]
References
edit- ^ "總統府資政辜寬敏辭世 享壽97歲". udn.com (in Traditional Chinese). 27 February 2023. Retrieved 27 February 2023.
- ^ Yeh, Lindy (15 Apr 2002). "The Koo family: a century in Taiwan". Taipei Times. p. 3.
- ^ Chau, Thompson (9 March 2023). "Koo Kwang-ming, tireless advocate for Taiwanese independence, dies at 96". Nikkei. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- ^ Yeh, Su-ping; Mazzetta, Matthew. "Taiwan independence activist Koo Kwang-ming dies at 97". Central News Agency. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- ^ Chen, Yu-fu; Madjar, Kayleigh (28 February 2023). "Independence advocate Koo Kwang-ming dies". Taipei Times. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- ^ Chen, Cheng-yu; Chin, Jonathan (5 March 2023). "Koo Kwang-ming memorial extended to Wednesday". Taipei Times. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- ^ a b Yeh, Lindy (28 February 2005). "For Koo, the outsider's role is a natural one". Taipei Times. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
- ^ 「我不是回來投降，我是回來發揮影響力的」
- ^ Su, p. 1113
- ^ Huang, Tai-lin (2 March 2005). "Advisers to Chen resign over accord". Taipei Times. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
- ^ Ko Shu-ling (2008-05-08). "Koo apologizes for offensive remarks". Taipei Times.
- ^ "第12屆黨主席選舉投(開)票數統計表". Democratic Progressive Party. Archived from the original on June 28, 2008. Retrieved 2008-05-18.
- ^ "Pro-independence figures top new list of presidential advisors". Formosa EnglishNews. November 15, 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
- ^ Katherine Wei, Koo Kwang-ming to donate half of fortune to Taiwan, The China Post
- ^ Wang, Chris (18 March 2014), Foundation unveils new historical fiction contest, The Taipei Times
- ^ Chen, Wei-han (15 June 2017). "Scrap ROC, seek global recognition for Taiwan: Koo". Taipei Times. Retrieved 15 June 2017.
- ^ Chen, Wei-han; Chin, Jonathan (14 June 2017). "PANAMA SWITCHES SIDES: Taipei should forgo ROC framework: ex-premier". Taipei Times. Retrieved 15 June 2017.
Bibliography
edit
- Su Beng (1980), 台灣人四百年史 (Taiwan's 400 Years of History) (in Chinese)