POTUS
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- ^ "Biography of George Washington". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The First President: 1789–1797 George Washington "Father of his Country"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "George Washington – Independent Party – 1st President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "George Washington (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of John Adams". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Second President: 1797–1801 John Adams "Following in the Footsteps"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "John Adams – Federalist Party – 2nd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "John Adams (October 30, 1735 – July 4, 1826)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Thomas Jefferson". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Third President: 1801–1809 Thomas Jefferson "The Renaissance Leader"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Thomas Jefferson – Democratic-Republican Party – 3rd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 – July 4, 1826)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of James Madison". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Fourth President: 1809–1817 James Madison "The Nation Builder"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "James Madison – Democratic-Republican Party – 4th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "James Madison (March 16, 1751 – June 28, 1836)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of James Madison". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Fifth President: 1817–1825 James Monroe "The Era of Good Feelings"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "James Monroe – Democratic-Republican Party – 5th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "James Monroe (April 28, 1758 – July 4, 1831)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of John Quincy Adams". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Sixth President: 1825–1829 John Quincy Adams "Born to Lead"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "John Quincy Adams – Federalist, Democratic-Republican, National Republican, WHIG Party – 6th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "John Quincy Adams (July 11, 1767 – February 23, 1848)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Andew Jackson". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Seventh President: 1829–1837 Andrew Jackson "Old Hickory"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Andrew Jackson – Democratic-Republican Party – 7th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Martin Van Buren". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Eighth President: 1837–1841 Martin Van Buren "The Red Fox"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Martin Van Buren – Democratic-Republican, Democratic, and Free Soil Party – 8th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Martin Van Buren (December 5, 1782 – July 24, 1862)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of William Henry Harrison". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Ninth President: 1841–1841 William Henry Harrison "Old Tippecanoe"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "William Henry Harrison – WHIG Party – 9th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "William Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773 – April 4, 1841)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of John Tyler". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Tenth President: 1841–1845 John Tyler "His Accidency"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "John Tyler – No Party – 10th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "John Tyler (March 29, 1790 – January 18, 1862)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of James Polk". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Eleventh President: 1845–1849 James Knox Polk "The Dark Horse"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "James Polk – Democratic Party – 11th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "James K. Polk (November 2, 1795 – June 15, 1849)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Zachary Tyler". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Twelfth President: 1849–1850 Zachary Taylor "Old Rough-and-Ready"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Zachary Taylor – WHIG Party – 12th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Millard Fillmore". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Thirteenth President: 1850–1853 Millard Fillmore "Forgotten Leader"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Millard Filmore – WHIG Party – 13th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Millard Fillmore (January 7, 1800 – March 8, 1874)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Franklin Pierce". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Fourteenth President: 1853–1857 Franklin Pierce "Overwhelmed by Events"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Franklin Pierce – Democratic Party – 14th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Franklin Pierce (November 23, 1804 – October 8, 1869)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of James Buchanan". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Fifteenth President: 1857–1861 James Buchanan "An American Hero"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "James Buchanan – Democratic Party – 15th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "James Buchanan (April 23, 1791 – June 1, 1868)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Abraham Lincoln". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Sixteenth President: 1861–1865 Abraham Lincoln "The Great Emancipator"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Abraham Lincoln – Republic, National Union Party – 16th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Andrew Johnson". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Seventeenth President: 1865–1869 Andrew Johnson "Between North and South"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Andrew Johnson – National Union Party – 17th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808 – July 31, 1875)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Ulysses S. Grant". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Eighteenth President: 1869–1877 Ulysses Simpson Grant "The Hero as Politician"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Ulysses S. Grant – National Union Party – 18th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Ulysses S. Grant (April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Rutherford B. Hayes". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Nineteenth President: 1877–1881 Rutherford Birchard Hayes "Striving For A Fresh Start"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Rutherford B. Hayes – Republican Party – 19th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Rutherford B. Hayes (October 4, 1822 – January 17, 1893)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of James Garfield". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Twentieth President: 1881–1881 James Abram Garfield "The Preacher"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "James Garfield – Republican Party – 20th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "James A. Garfield (November 19, 1831 – September 19, 1881)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Chester Arthur". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Twenty-First President: 1881–1885 Chester Alan Arthur "The Self-Reformer"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Chester A. Arthur – Republican Party – 21st President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Chester A. Arthur (October 5, 1829 – November 18, 1886)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ a b "Biography of Grover Cleveland". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ a b "The Twenty-Second President: 1885–1889 The Twenty-Fourth President: 1893–1897 Grover Cleveland "The Self-Reformer"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ a b "Grover Cleveland – Democratic Party – 22nd and 24th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ a b "Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 – June 24, 1908)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Benjamin Harrison". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Twenty-Third President: 1889–1893 Benjamin Harrison "Presidential Grandson"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "William Henry Harrison – Whig Party – 23rd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Benjamin Harrison (August 20, 1833 – March 13, 1901)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of William McKinley". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Twenty-Fifth President: 1897–1901 William McKinley "Bridge to a New Century"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "William McKinley – Republican Party – 25th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "William McKinley (January 29, 1843 – September 14, 1901)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Theodore Roosevelt". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Twenty-Sixth President: 1901–1909 Theodore Roosevelt "The Giant in the Bully Pulpit"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Theodore Roosevelt – Republican, Bull Moose Party – 26th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Theodore Roosevelt (October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of William Howard Taft". White House. March 13, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Twenty-Seventh President: 1909–1913 William Howard Taft "Reluctant Leader"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "William Howard Taft – Republican Party – 27th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "William Howard Taft (September 15, 1857 – March 8, 1930)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Woodrow Wilson". White House. March 13, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Twenty-Eighth President: 1913–1921 Woodrow Wilson "Prophet Without Honor"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Woodrow Wilson – Democratic Party – 28th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 – February 3, 1924)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Warren G. Harding". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Twenty-Ninth President: 1921–1923 Warren Gamaliel Harding "Prophet Without Honor"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Warren Harding – Republican Party – 29th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Warren G. Harding (November 2, 1865 – August 2, 1923)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Calvin Coolidge". White House. March 13, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Thirtieth President: 1923–1929 Calvin Coolidge "The New Englander"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Calvin Coolidge – Republican Party – 30th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Calvin Coolidge (July 4, 1872 – January 5, 1933)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Herbert Hoover". White House. March 13, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Thirty-First President: 1929–1933 Herbert Clark Hoover "The Great Engineer"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Herbert Hoover – Republican Party – 31st President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Herbert Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt". White House. March 20, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Thirty-Second President: 1933–1945 Franklin Delano Roosevelt "New Dealer and Global Warrior"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Franklin D. Roosevelt – Democratic Party – 34th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Franklin D. Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Harry S Truman". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Thirty-Third President: 1945–1953 Harry S. Truman "The Buck Stopped Here"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Harry S. Truman – Democratic Party – 33rd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Dwight D. Eisenhower". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Thirty-Fourth President: 1953–1961 Dwight David Eisenhower "I Like Ike"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Dwight D. Eisenhower – Democratic Party – 34th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Dwight D. Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of John F. Kennedy". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Thirty-Five President: 1961–1963 John Fitzgerald Kennedy "Inspiring A Generation"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "John F. Kennedy – Democratic Party – 35th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "John F. Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Lyndon B. Johnson". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Thirty-Sixth President: 1963–1969 Lyndon Baines Johnson "So Close To Greatness"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Lyndon B. Johnson – Democratic Party – 36th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Lyndon B. Johnson (August 27, 1908 – January 22, 1973)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Richard M. Nixon". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Thirty-Seventh President: 1969–1974 Richard Milhous Nixon "The Road to Watergate"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Richard Nixon – Republican Party – 37th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Richard M. Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Gerald R. Ford". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Thirty-Eighth President: 1974–1977 Gerald Rudolph Ford "A Time for Healing"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Gerald Ford – Republican Party – 38th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Gerald R. Ford (July 14, 1913 – December 26, 2006)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Jimmy Carter". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Thirty-Ninth President: 1977–1981 James Earl Carter "Not a Politician"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Jimmy Carter – Democratic Party – 39th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Jimmy Carter (October 1, 1924 – )". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of Ronald Reagan". White House. June 25, 2008. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Fortieth President: 1981–1989 Ronald Wilson Reagan "The Great Communicator"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Ronald Reagan – Republican Party – 40th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Ronald Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of George Herbert Walker Bush". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Forty-First President: 1989–1993 George Herbert Walker Bush "The Last Cold Warrior"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "George H. W. Bush – Republican Party – 41st President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "George Bush (June 12, 1924 – )". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of William J. Clinton". White House. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Forty-Second President: 1993–2001 William Jefferson Clinton "Prosperity And Turmoil"". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Bill Clinton – Democratic Party – 42nd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Bill Clinton (August 19, 1946 – )". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Biography of President George W. Bush". White House. February 25, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "The Forty-Third President: 2001–present George Walker Bush". American Heritage. Forbes. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "George W. Bush – Republican Party – 43rd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "George W. Bush (July 6, 1946 – )". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ {{Cite web|url=http://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/president_obama/%7Ctitle=President Barack Obama|accessdate={{dts|January 20, 2009|dateformat=mdy|publisher=Whitehouse.gov|year=January 20, 2009
- ^ "Barack Obama – Democratic Party – 44th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ "Barack Obama (August 4, 1961 – )". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved January 12, 2009.