Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leyg-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*leyg-

2. to jump around, run around

   Synonyms: *lek-, *prew-, *sel- (“jump”)

3. to play, frolic

   Synonym: *leyd-

4. to shake, jitter; to dance

   Synonyms: *kʷeh₁t-, *sper-, *weyp-

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leyg- (jump) (7 c, 0 e)

• *lóyg-e-ti (o-grade root present?)
  • Proto-Germanic: *laikaną (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ráyǰati
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ráyȷ́ati
      • Sanskrit: रेजति (réjati), रेजते (réjate) (usually instead < *h₁leiǵ-)
• *loyg-éye-ti (iterative)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: láigyti
• Unsorted formations:
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Latgalian: leigōt', Latgalian: leigons,
    • Latvian: līgot
    • Lithuanian: lyguoti
  • Indo-Iranian: *lig-e-
    • Iranian:
      • Persian: آلیختن (âlixtan)
      • Northern Kurdish: leystin, Northern Kurdish: lîstin

Root

*leyg-

2. similar, like
3. even, level (e.g. of a surface)

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leyg- (like) (8 c, 0 e)

• Unsorted formations:
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: lygiuoti
    • Lithuanian: lýgus (“equal, level, flat, even, like”)
    • Latgalian: leigt' (“to agree, to make peace, to make a deal”)
    • Latvian: līdz (“flat”)
    • Latvian: līdzīgs (“alike, similar, equal, even”)
    • Latvian: līgt
    • Lithuanian: lygti
    • Old Prussian: līgint, Old Prussian: līginton
  • Proto-Germanic: *līką (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *līkāną (see there for further descendants)

Root

*leyg-

2. illness

Alternative reconstructions

• *h₃leyg-

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leyg- (illness) (5 c, 0 e)

• *lig-eh₂-
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: ligà
    • Latvian: liga
• *lig-ós
  • Ancient Greek: λοιγός (loigós)
  • Albanian: lig
• Unsorted formations:
  • Old Irish: líach (“wretched”)
  • Lithuanian: líegti (“to be sickly”)
  • Lithuanian: ligóti (“to be ill”)
  • Latvian: ligât (“to be ill”)
  • >? Old Prussian: licuts (“small”)
  • >? Ancient Greek: ὀλῐ́γος (olígos, “few, little”)
  • >? Old Armenian: աղքատ (ałkʻat, “poor, indigent”)