klobuk

See also: kłobuk and klobúk

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *klobukъ̀ (hat) (>klobũk>klobȗk>klòbūk), with similar Turkic origin as kalpak. The meaning "a bubble of water" is of metaphorical and partly onomatopoetic origin, accompanied by the change in accent ◌̀>◌̏.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /klǒbuːk/ or IPA^(key): /klôbuːk/
• Hyphenation: klo‧buk

Older dictionaries differentiate between the meanings of the differently accented forms (klòbūk = hat, measure; klȍbūk = bubble), per the etymology, e.g. Вук, Budmani (ARj), РСХКЈ. Modern standard dictionaries either assign one accent to all meanings (Croatian HJP: klòbūk, Bosnian Čedić and Halilović: klȍbūk) or permit all meanings with both accents (Serbian Николић) or retain the traditional distinction (Croatian Vukušić).

Noun

klòbūk or klȍbūk m (Cyrillic spelling кло̀бӯк or кло̏бӯк, diminutive klobučić, augmentative klobučina, relational adjective klobukov)

1. hat, cap (head covering)

   Synonym: šešir

   • mid-14th century, “5. мол[итва] свєтаго Власиꙗ и свєтаго Мамантиꙗ и свєтаго Алєѯандра”, in Ljubomir Kovačević, editor, Nekoliko priloga staroj srpskoj književnosti (Starine; 10)‎^[1], Zagreb: JAZU, published 1878, page 277:

     Зємлꙗ ѥмоу брѣмє, камєниѥ ѥмоу моныста, нєбо ѥмоу клобоукь, злотворьникоу чловѣкоу!

     Zemlja jemu brěme, kamenije jemu monysta, nebo jemu klobukь, zlotvorьniku člověku!

     For him, the earth is his burden, rocks are his necklace, the sky is his hat, for the man the evil-doer!

   • 1388, [Vrbnički statut]‎^[2], page 8 recto:

     ⰰⰽⱁ ⰱⰻ ⱀⱑⰽⰻ ⱀⱑⰽⱁⰿⱆ ⰲ'ⰸⰵⰾⱜ ⰽ'ⰾⱁⰱⱆⰽⱜ ⰰⰾⰻ ⰱⰵⱃⰻⱅⱆ ⱂⰾⰰⱅⰻ · ⰰ · ⱌⰾⰸⱜ

     ako bi nêki nêkomu v'zelь k'lobukь ali beritu plati · a · (=1.) c(e)l(e)zь

     if someone would take away someone's hat or cloak he should pay 1 celez [coin of uncertain value]

   • 1466, “CDVI. 1466. 5. junii. Ragusii. Comes et nobiles Ragusii testantur se accepisse depositum ab herceg Stephano”, in Franc Miklošič, editor, Monumenta serbica spectantia historiam Serbiae Bosnae Ragusii‎^[3], Vienna: Apud Guilelmum Braumüller, published 1858, page 498:

     клобꙋкь єдань царвєна гримиза са бисєрѡмь и са єдниємь вѣначцемь ѡдь бисєра и са прстєнкѡмь рꙋбинићємь и сь корꙋницѡмь

     klobukь edanь carvena grimiza sa biserȏmь i sa edniemь věnačcemь ôdь bisera i sa prstenkômь rubinićemь i sь korunicômь

     one hat of crimson with a pearl and with a garland of pearls and with a small ruby ring and with a small wreath

   • 1888 January 7, Fran Mažuranić, “Krvavi list”, in Vienac‎^[4], volume XX, number 1, Zagreb, page 3:

     [...] stajao je, snatreći, kraj jezera. Snimio klobuk, kano da se klanja prirodi; tihi mu se vjetrić dugom vranom kosom poigrava.

     [...] he was standing, lost in thoughts, at the lake. He took off his hat, as if he's bowing before the nature; quiet wind is playing with his long black hair.

2. pileus (cap of a mushroom)
3. (obsolete) a measure of grain
   • 1871 November 25, August Šenoa, Zlatarovo zlato (Vienac: zabavi i pouci; God. III. br. 47)‎^[5], Zagreb: Matica ilirska, page 747:

     Ja dakle mislim, da ponesemo ad captandam benevolentiam velemožnomu g. banu soma i pet polića staroga vina, a gospi banici dva klobuka bieloga cukora.

     Therefore I think we should bring ad captandam benevolentiam to the noble mr. viceroy a catfish and five measures of old wine, and to the lady vicereine two measures of white sugar.

4. (rare) a bubble of water, or a bubble on skin caused by a burn or illness
   • 1914, Јован Миодраговић, Народна педагогија у Срба: или Како наш народ подиже пород свој‎^[6], Београд: Штампарија "Симеон Мироточиви", page 49:

     [...] јер би дете било подгризено и по њему би искакали клобуци, из којих излази жута вода.

     [...] jer bi dete bilo podgrizeno i po njemu bi iskakali klobuci, iz kojih izlazi žuta voda.

     [...] because the child would be poisoned and bubbles would appear on it, with yellow water flowing out of them.

   • 1947, Vladimir Nazor, Pripovijetke (Djela Vladimira Nazora; 10), Zagreb: Nakladni zavod Hrvatske, page 60:

     Tank je klizio muljem i u vrtlogu ključeva i klobuka.

     The tank was gliding through the muddy water even in a whirl of streams and bubbles.

Declension

Declension of klòbūk

	singular	plural
nominative	klòbūk	klobúci
genitive	klobúka	klobúkā
dative	klobúku	klobúcima
accusative	klòbūk	klobúke
vocative	klȍbūče	klobúci / klȍbūci[4]
locative	klobúku	klobúcima
instrumental	klobúkom	klobúcima

Declension of klȍbūk

	singular	plural
nominative	klȍbūk	klȍbūci
genitive	klȍbūka	klȍbūkā
dative	klȍbūku	klȍbūcima
accusative	klȍbūk	klȍbūke
vocative	klȍbūče	klȍbūci
locative	klȍbūku	klȍbūcima
instrumental	klȍbūkom	klȍbūcima

Derived terms

• klobučar
• klobučarke (Basidiomycota)
• klobučati
• popovski klobuk (Arisarum vulgare)
• uhati klobuk (Aurelia aurita)

Notes and references

• Вук Стефановић Караџић (1852) Српски рјечник истумачен њемачкијем и латинскијем ријечима‎^[7], 2nd edition, Беч
• Pero Budmani, editor (1898–1903), “klobuk”, in Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika‎^[8] (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 5, Zagreb: JAZU, page 84
• Skok, Petar (1972) “kàlpak”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 2 (K – poni¹), Zagreb: JAZU, page 22
• Jurišić, Blaž (1973) Rječnik govora otoka Vrgade, Zagreb: JAZU
• “кло̏бӯк, кло̀бӯк”, in Речник српскохрватскога књижевног језика (in Serbo-Croatian), Друго фототипско издање edition, volume 2, Нови Сад, Загреб: Матица српска, Матица хрватска, 1967–1976, published 1990, page 742
• “klobuk”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
• Čedić, Ibrahim, editor (2007), “klȍbūk”, in Rječnik bosanskog jezika, Sarajevo: Institut za jezik, →ISBN
• Николић, Мирослав, editor (2011), “клобук”, in Речник српскога језика, 2nd edition, Нови Сад: Матица српска, →ISBN
• Vukušić, Stjepan, Zoričić, Ivan, Graselli-Vukušić, Marija (2007) Naglasak u hrvatskome književnom jeziku (Velika hrvatska gramatika; 4), Zagreb: Globus, →ISBN, page 346
• Halilović, Senahid, Halilović, Amra (2014) “klȍbūk”, in Bosansko-slovenski rječnik / Bosansko-slovenski slovar, Sarajevo / Ljubljana: Slavistički komitet / Kulturno-izobraževalni zavod Averroes
• Matičić, Bruna (2019) Jezična analiza Vrbničkoga statuta (Thesis)‎^[9], Rijeka: Sveučilište u Rijeci

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *klobukъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /klɔbùːk/

Noun

klobúk m inan

1. hat, cap (head covering)
2. mushroom cap

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	klobúk
gen. sing.	klobúka
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	klobúk	klobúka	klobúki
genitive (rodȋlnik)	klobúka	klobúkov	klobúkov
dative (dajȃlnik)	klobúku	klobúkoma	klobúkom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	klobúk	klobúka	klobúke
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	klobúku	klobúkih	klobúkih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	klobúkom	klobúkoma	klobúki

Further reading

• “klobuk”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024