Hosts are predominantly cockroaches, crickets and calyptrate Diptera, and Stylogaster flies often target hosts attempting to escape columns of army ants (Hymenoptera: Dorylinae).
In this molecular phylogeny, three large ant-specific clades of spiroplasmas were identified: ant clade 1 that includes endosymbionts of Cephalotes, Solenopsis, Tetraponera, Pseudomyrmex and Neivamyrmex; ant clade 2 that comprises spiroplasma-associates of the ant genera Polyrhachis, Camponotus, Pseudomyrmex, and Cephalotes; and ant clade 3 which was dominated by army ants (subfamilies Aenictinae, Dorylinae, and Ecitoninae) (Figure 2).
Las hormigas conocidas como legionarias se agrupan actualmente en tres subfamilias: 1) Aenictinae, que se distribuyen principalmente en la region indo-australiana con algunas especies en Africa y Europa; 2) Dorylinae, distribuidas mayoritariamente en Africa con algunos representantes en Asia y Europa y 3) Ecitoninae, que agrupa a las hormigas legionarias de America (Watkins 1976, Gotwald 1995, Palacio 1999).