New
giraffid fossils were recovered from Kund and Dhok Bun Amir Khatoon localities of Pakistan.
Comparison: The cheek teeth differ from a
giraffid in having fairly low rugosity (Pilgrim, 1911; Khan et al., 2009; Bhatti et al., 2012).
The earliest well-accepted
giraffid, Palaeotragus primaevus, comes from the middle Miocene of Africa (Kostopoulos and Sarac, 2005).
Interpreting the diet of extinct ruminants: the case of a non-browsing
giraffid. Paleobiology 14: 287-300.
The present study involves the analysis of enamel hypoplasia in seven extinct
giraffid species to determine and compare stress periods during the early Miocene to Pleistocene ages of the Siwaliks of Pakistan.
Giraffa priscilla was the oldest known Middle Miocene Lower Siwaliks
giraffid (Matthew, 1929; Harris, 1991; Basu, 2004; Bhatti et al., 2012b).
(1988): Interpreting the diet of extinct ruminants: The Case of a Non-Browsing
Giraffid. Paleobiology 14, 287-300.
The dietary preferences and paleoecology of Giraffokeryx punjabiensis Pilgrim 1910 an extinct
giraffid species from Chinji Formation of Potwar Siwaliks of Pakistan have been investigated by incorporating mesowear-I mesowear-II and hypsodonty methods.
Fourteen
giraffid species have been reported form the Siwaliks of Pakistan (Khan and Farooq 2006).
Additional
giraffid remains comprising upper dentition, recovered from the Middle Miocene localities of the Chinji Formation (Lower Siwaliks) in northern Pakistan, are discussed here.
A complete lower molar series of
giraffid remains from the Pleistocene locality of the village Sardhok (Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan) has been identified as belonging to Sivatherium sp.
Four
giraffid subfamilies are represented in the Siwaliks: Bohlininae, Giraffinae, Sivatheriinae and Giraffokerycinae (referred to the scheme in Solounias, 2007, p.