ABSTRACT St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.), as the most important medicinal species of th... more ABSTRACT St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.), as the most important medicinal species of the genus Hypericum, is medicinally used for many purposes such as treatment of mild and moderate depression. Considering importance of knowledge on genetic structure of wild relatives of crop plants, the present study was aimed to assess genetic variability among ten wild populations of H. perforatum growing in different climatic regions of Iran via ISSR markers. In general 15 selected primers generated 191 polymorphic fragments with an average of 12 in each primer. According to the UPGMA constructed dendrogram and PCoA, studied populations were classified into four main groups which was, to the some extent, in accordance with their geographical origins. Genetic distances of these populations ranged from 0.109 (Nor and Nowshahr) to 0.345 (Ardebil and Galogah). Also, Nei gene diversity (He) values were calculated to be from 0.066 to 0.216 and Shannon’s information indices (I) varied from 0.321 to 0.097. Nei’s genetic differentiation index (Gst) was high (0.573) indicating the high levels of genetic variation among the studied populations. Finally, the gene flow (Nm) value was found to be 0.372. Obtained information is useful for use of Iranian H. perforatum germplasm for breeding programs and for development of effective conservation strategies.
ABSTRACT 30 milled rice samples were collected from retailers in four states of Malaysia. These s... more ABSTRACT 30 milled rice samples were collected from retailers in four states of Malaysia. These samples were evaluated for Eurotium spp. contaminations by direct plating on malt extract salt agar (MESA). All Eurotium were isolated and identified based on morphology and nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) and ITS2 of the rDNA. Four Eurotium species (E. rubrum, E. amstelodami, E. chevalieri and E. cristatum) dominated seed samples were identified. The main characteristics for morphological differentiation of Eurotium species were colony features on different culture media and ascospore surface ornamentations. The PCR-sequencing technique for sequences of ITS1 and ITS2 is a fast technique for identification of Eurotium species, but did not work perfectly for differentiating Eurotium species from each others. DNA sequence analysis showed a fixed sequence numbers in both ITS1 and ITS2 regions. These results suggest that sequencing of ITS regions could support morphological characteristics for identification of Eurotium species.
Eurotium species (E. rubrum, E. amstelodami, E. chevalieri and E. cristatum) dominated seed sampl... more Eurotium species (E. rubrum, E. amstelodami, E. chevalieri and E. cristatum) dominated seed samples were identified. The main characteristics for morphological differentiation of Eurotium species were colony features on different culture media and ascospore surface ...
Background: Ginkgo is a native plant to China which is recently cultivated in Iran. The extract o... more Background: Ginkgo is a native plant to China which is recently cultivated in Iran. The extract of the Ginkgo leaves contains flavonoids and ginkgolids and has been used pharmaceutically for a while. Flavonoids of Ginkgo have been shown to have several effects which could increase blood flow of brain and limit the damage associated with ischemia also they inhibit cyclo-oxygenases and lipoxygenases activities and show antioxidant effects. The researchers showed that Ginkgo leaves flavonol glycosides varies during different seasons. Objective: The aim of the present research is study on seasonal variation of flavonoids of Ginkgo biloba leave's cultivated in Iran by HPLC method. Methods: In this study Ginkgo leaves from 5 years old trees collected in 2005 from North of Iran and evaluated. Plant leaves were dried, milled, and extracted with a suitable solvent. For analysis of flavonoid aglycones in the extract, flavonol glycosides were hydrolyzed in acid medium and identified by HPL...
Importance of yew tree (Taxus spp.) originates from the entering of Taxol (Paclitaxel) in the tre... more Importance of yew tree (Taxus spp.) originates from the entering of Taxol (Paclitaxel) in the treatment of breast cancer since 1982. Taxus spp. is one of the Taxaceae family, distributed in North America, Europe, meditranean region, Asia and North forests of Iran. Efficacy of Taxol in the treament of some cancers and low concentration of this compound in tree, stimulated semi synthetic preparation of taxol from other more aboundant compounds such as baccation-III which is found with higher concentrations in all tree tissues. Despite entering some other routs for preparation of taxol e.g. cell culture, cultivation and studies on yew tree is in high importance, therefore review on this plant was made by authors.
ABSTRACT St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.), as the most important medicinal species of th... more ABSTRACT St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.), as the most important medicinal species of the genus Hypericum, is medicinally used for many purposes such as treatment of mild and moderate depression. Considering importance of knowledge on genetic structure of wild relatives of crop plants, the present study was aimed to assess genetic variability among ten wild populations of H. perforatum growing in different climatic regions of Iran via ISSR markers. In general 15 selected primers generated 191 polymorphic fragments with an average of 12 in each primer. According to the UPGMA constructed dendrogram and PCoA, studied populations were classified into four main groups which was, to the some extent, in accordance with their geographical origins. Genetic distances of these populations ranged from 0.109 (Nor and Nowshahr) to 0.345 (Ardebil and Galogah). Also, Nei gene diversity (He) values were calculated to be from 0.066 to 0.216 and Shannon’s information indices (I) varied from 0.321 to 0.097. Nei’s genetic differentiation index (Gst) was high (0.573) indicating the high levels of genetic variation among the studied populations. Finally, the gene flow (Nm) value was found to be 0.372. Obtained information is useful for use of Iranian H. perforatum germplasm for breeding programs and for development of effective conservation strategies.
ABSTRACT 30 milled rice samples were collected from retailers in four states of Malaysia. These s... more ABSTRACT 30 milled rice samples were collected from retailers in four states of Malaysia. These samples were evaluated for Eurotium spp. contaminations by direct plating on malt extract salt agar (MESA). All Eurotium were isolated and identified based on morphology and nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) and ITS2 of the rDNA. Four Eurotium species (E. rubrum, E. amstelodami, E. chevalieri and E. cristatum) dominated seed samples were identified. The main characteristics for morphological differentiation of Eurotium species were colony features on different culture media and ascospore surface ornamentations. The PCR-sequencing technique for sequences of ITS1 and ITS2 is a fast technique for identification of Eurotium species, but did not work perfectly for differentiating Eurotium species from each others. DNA sequence analysis showed a fixed sequence numbers in both ITS1 and ITS2 regions. These results suggest that sequencing of ITS regions could support morphological characteristics for identification of Eurotium species.
Eurotium species (E. rubrum, E. amstelodami, E. chevalieri and E. cristatum) dominated seed sampl... more Eurotium species (E. rubrum, E. amstelodami, E. chevalieri and E. cristatum) dominated seed samples were identified. The main characteristics for morphological differentiation of Eurotium species were colony features on different culture media and ascospore surface ...
Background: Ginkgo is a native plant to China which is recently cultivated in Iran. The extract o... more Background: Ginkgo is a native plant to China which is recently cultivated in Iran. The extract of the Ginkgo leaves contains flavonoids and ginkgolids and has been used pharmaceutically for a while. Flavonoids of Ginkgo have been shown to have several effects which could increase blood flow of brain and limit the damage associated with ischemia also they inhibit cyclo-oxygenases and lipoxygenases activities and show antioxidant effects. The researchers showed that Ginkgo leaves flavonol glycosides varies during different seasons. Objective: The aim of the present research is study on seasonal variation of flavonoids of Ginkgo biloba leave's cultivated in Iran by HPLC method. Methods: In this study Ginkgo leaves from 5 years old trees collected in 2005 from North of Iran and evaluated. Plant leaves were dried, milled, and extracted with a suitable solvent. For analysis of flavonoid aglycones in the extract, flavonol glycosides were hydrolyzed in acid medium and identified by HPL...
Importance of yew tree (Taxus spp.) originates from the entering of Taxol (Paclitaxel) in the tre... more Importance of yew tree (Taxus spp.) originates from the entering of Taxol (Paclitaxel) in the treatment of breast cancer since 1982. Taxus spp. is one of the Taxaceae family, distributed in North America, Europe, meditranean region, Asia and North forests of Iran. Efficacy of Taxol in the treament of some cancers and low concentration of this compound in tree, stimulated semi synthetic preparation of taxol from other more aboundant compounds such as baccation-III which is found with higher concentrations in all tree tissues. Despite entering some other routs for preparation of taxol e.g. cell culture, cultivation and studies on yew tree is in high importance, therefore review on this plant was made by authors.
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