Buildings

Buildings provide us with basic human needs for shelter, security, privacy, storage, and work while also acting as universal carriers of art, culture, history, economics, and equity. Looking at a diverse range of techniques and building types that include residential, commercial, civic, educational, medical, industrial, agricultural, and infrastructural uses, these fundamental elements and principles make up the majority of our built environment.
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Wood Joint - Tongue & Groove, Mitered
A mitered tongue and groove joint combines a 45-degree miter cut with interlocking tongue and groove profiles. At the joint's corner, the miter hides the connection, while internally, the tongue slots into the groove, ensuring a secure fit. Downloads online #joinery #joints #wood #carpentry #construction
Wood Joint - Tongue & Groove
A tongue and groove joint involves two complementary pieces: one with a protruding tongue and the other with a receptive groove. When joined, they interlock seamlessly, ensuring a flat and continuous surface. This self-aligning feature makes the joint particularly effective for creating wide panels or flooring from narrower boards. Downloads online #joinery #joints #wood #carpentry #construction
Wood Joint - Scarf, Plain
A plain scarf joint connects two pieces of wood end-to-end using overlapping, diagonal cuts without additional interlocking features. This slanted connection increases the surface area for bonding, offering a more robust attachment than a simple butt joint. However, because of its lack of mechanical interlocking, the plain scarf joint's strength heavily relies on the adhesive used or, occasionally, supplementary fasteners. Downloads online #joinery #joints #wood #carpentry #construction
Wood Joint - Scarf, Nibbed
A nibbed scarf joint is a specialized variation of the scarf joint, featuring interlocking profiles and a squared "nib" or protrusion at one end. This unique design enhances the joint's mechanical interlock and alignment during assembly. Downloads online #joinery #joints #wood #carpentry #construction
Wood Joint - Rabbet, Tongue
A tongue rabbet joint consists of a rabbet groove paired with a protruding tongue on the adjoining piece. This tongue fits snugly into the rabbet, creating a robust interlocking connection. By combining the recess of a rabbet with the positive engagement of a tongue, the joint offers enhanced stability and alignment, especially against lateral forces. Downloads online #joinery #joints #wood #carpentry #construction
Wood Joint - Rabbet
A rabbet joint features a recess or groove, known as a rabbet, cut along the edge or end of a piece of wood. This design allows another board to fit snugly into the recess, facilitating a right-angle connection. By increasing the surface area for bonding, the rabbet joint enhances both the structural strength and alignment compared to a simple butt joint. Downloads online #joinery #joints #wood #carpentry #construction
Wood Joint - Mortise & Tenon, Through
A through mortise and tenon joint features a tenon that passes entirely through its corresponding mortise, with its end visible on the opposite side. This design creates a robust interlocking connection, often with the tenon end slightly protruding for aesthetic or additional securing purposes. Downloads online #joinery #joints #wood #carpentry #construction
Wood Joint - Mortise & Tenon, Pinned
A pinned mortise and tenon joint consists of a tenon fitting snugly within a mortise, secured by a pin driven through both components. This pin, traditionally made of wood, provides additional strength, ensuring the tenon remains firmly seated and preventing disassembly. Downloads online #joinery #joints #wood #carpentry #construction
Wood Joint - Mortise & Tenon, Open
An open mortise and tenon joint features a tenon that passes entirely through the mortise, visible from both sides of the joined pieces. This design offers a strong, interlocking connection, with the tenon often protruding slightly for aesthetic appeal or further securing. Downloads online #joinery #joints #wood #carpentry #construction
Wood Joint - Mortise & Tenon, Haunched
A haunched mortise and tenon joint incorporates a tenon with a small, additional "haunch" or ledge, designed to fill a recess in the mortise for a flush finish. This distinctive feature ensures that the joint remains strong while providing support along the full height of the wood, particularly useful when the mortise extends to the wood's edge. Downloads online #joinery #joints #wood #carpentry #construction
Wood Joint - Mortise & Tenon, Blind
A blind mortise and tenon joint features a tenon (protruding piece) that fits into a mortise (recessed hole) but doesn't pass entirely through, concealing the joint from one side. This design provides the strength and stability of the traditional mortise and tenon without revealing the tenon on the opposite side. Downloads online #joinery #joints #wood #carpentry #construction
Wood Joint - Half-Lap, Straight
A half-lap straight joint consists of two boards, each notched to half its thickness, overlapping along a straight, flush edge. When assembled, the joint creates a continuous, flat surface, with the two boards intersecting seamlessly. This design provides a large gluing area, enhancing the joint's overall strength and stability compared to a mere butt connection. Downloads online #joinery #joints #wood #carpentry #construction
Wood Joint - Half-Lap, Mitered
A half-lap mitered joint merges the overlapping technique of a half-lap with the angled aesthetics of a miter joint. Each piece of wood is notched to half its thickness, and the exposed surfaces are mitered, typically at a 45-degree angle. When joined, they overlap to create a seamless, flush intersection, disguising the lap beneath a mitered face. Downloads online #joinery #joints #wood #carpentry #construction
Wood Joint - Half-Lap, Cross
A half-lap cross joint is where two boards intersect at any point along their lengths, each having a recess half its thickness, allowing them to overlap seamlessly. When combined, the boards lie flush, creating a flat, unified surface where they intersect. This joint ensures a broad gluing area, leading to enhanced strength and stability compared to simple butt connections. Downloads online #joinery #joints #wood #carpentry #construction
Wood Joint - Half-Lap, Corner
A half-lap corner joint involves two pieces of wood, each with a recess that's half its thickness, overlapping at a right angle. When joined, the two boards create a flush and flat surface, with grains running in perpendicular directions at the junction. Downloads online #joinery #joints #wood #carpentry #construction