Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS), 2017
Introduction: A range of smaller preparation is explained in classics other than five basic Kasha... more Introduction: A range of smaller preparation is explained in classics other than five basic Kashaya Kalpanas. They are categorized considering the similarities in their method of preparation under ‘Panchavidha Kashaya Kalpana.’ ‘Kwathan’ is similar in Kwatha Kalpana and for preparation of Pramathya, which is Upakalpana of Kwatha. Mustakadi Kwatha is not mentioned in classics but Mustakadi Pramathya is mentioned in classics which is used in Raktatisara. Objective: Comparative Pharmaceutico-Analytical Study of Mustakadi Pramathya and Mustakadi Kwatha. Materials and Methods: Mustaka and Indrayava are taken from GMP approved Pharmacy for both preparation i.e. Pramathya and Kwatha. Only difference is, Pramathya is prepared by using Kalka of drugs and Kwatha is preparation by Yavakuta Churna of drugs. Water was added in same quantity. Method of preparation followed was same for both i.e. Kwathana. Discussion: Kalka is Guru than Yavakuta Churna as water is added for Kalka preparation and a...
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research
Wound healing is the process by which skin repairs itself. Wound healing can be divided into 4 ph... more Wound healing is the process by which skin repairs itself. Wound healing can be divided into 4 phases: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. In humans, keratinocytes re-form a functional epidermis (re-epithelialization) as rapidly as possible, closing the wound and reestablishing tissue homeostasis. Dermal fibroblasts migrate into the wound bed and proliferate, creating granulation tissue rich in extracellular matrix proteins and supporting the growth of new blood vessels. Ultimately, this is remodelled over an extended period, returning the injured tissue to a state similar to that before injury. Dysregulation in any phase of the wound healing cascade delays healing and may result in various skin pathologies, including non-healing, hypertrophic scarring and chronic ulceration. Various plant products have been used in the treatment of wounds over the years. Recognizing the important role of traditional plants, we have undertaken an extensivesurvey of literature ...
In Ayurveda classics it is quoted that grains must be used between 1 - 2 years after its producti... more In Ayurveda classics it is quoted that grains must be used between 1 - 2 years after its production while consumption of new grains should be avoided as its long term intake causes harmful effect on body as it is said to be Guru i.e. difficult to digest and Abhishyandi i.e. increases secretions of internal organs. It is said to be one of the cause for manifestation of Prameha which is being correlated with Diabetes mellitus on the basis of symptoms. Grains are major part of Indian diet. Present study aims at comparison between 1 year old and new Mudga [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] on the basis of physico-chemical and nutritional analysis. Mudga has been selected as it is most commonly used and have great therapeutic efficacy. Â
Introduction: Dhanyamla is a medicated liquid preparation produced by fermentation process of var... more Introduction: Dhanyamla is a medicated liquid preparation produced by fermentation process of various grains. Dhanyamla is cold at perception by its nature as it is a sour liquid and Ayurvedic classics opine that amla rasa is of cold nature if used externally. It is commonly used for management of Diabetic Polyneuropathy which commonly presents with burning sensation, loss of strength, loss of balance, loss of sensation, numbness etc. especially of feet. Materials and methods: Raw drugs of Dhanyamla as per the reference in Sahasrayogam were purchased from the local market of Jamnagar, Gujarat. It was prepared as per the standard preparation procedure at Department of Rasa shastra and Bhaishajya kalpana, IPGT&RA, GAU, Jamnagar. The final product was then subjected to pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical analysis. Pharmacognosy of Dhanyamla was carried out by preparing a slide made with glass slide and cover slip. Then this slide was observed under the Carl Zeiss Trinocular microscope...
International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research, 2018
Objective: The Areca catechu L. is a tropical fruit, which is also called betel nut and is widely... more Objective: The Areca catechu L. is a tropical fruit, which is also called betel nut and is widely distributed in different parts of the world. Areca catechu L is used for various treatment aliments in the form of various preparations especially in powdered form and it used extensively in Ayurveda to treat Mukhavikara, Aruchi, Yonishaithilya, Shvetapradara etc. Areca nut is commonly used as betel nut or supari, as it is often chewed wrapped in betel leaves (Paan). The aim is to assessment of Mahabhautika dominance in Pugaphala by pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical study.Methods: Microscopic, macroscopic study and phsico-chemical analysis of Pugaphala Churna.Results: In present study Pugaphala was selected as a Parthiva dominant drug according to its Rasa Panchaka, after that its Mahabhautika dominancy was assessed by pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical study and results also support that in Pharmaceutical study loss on drying is 4.4%w/w, in Pharmacognostical study Rhomboidal cryst...
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019
Objective: The present study was carried out to discover whether these pyrimidine derivatives hav... more Objective: The present study was carried out to discover whether these pyrimidine derivatives have the potential to be used as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX inhibitors through structure-based in silico study. Methods: Docking was performed on 6 pyrimidine analogs; cetuximab and curcumin were taken as reference drug. The structure of the target protein retrieved from the RCSB Protein databank and the protein-ligand docking was performed using Pyrx AutoDock wizard with MGL tools 1.5.6 by using Lamarckian algorithm. Results: All the compounds have shown lower binding energy and inhibition constant (Ki) value than reference drug cetuximab and curcumin. Out of the 6 inhibitors analyzed vkh has shown minimum binding energy against the target protein EGFR and CA IX respectively. Smaller Ki value shows stronger interaction. The scoring value of the interaction of vkh i. e-10.74 and-9.93 Kcal/mol and Ki 13.17ɳM and 53.04ɳM against the target protein E...
Background: A number of Data mining techniques are used to decode the concealed knowledge. Among ... more Background: A number of Data mining techniques are used to decode the concealed knowledge. Among them, Association Rule Mining facilitates to find out interesting associations amid the attribute conditions and class labels and thereby aid in decision making. In Ayurveda, the formulations are designed by taking into consideration a varied number of aspects which leads to the generation of a multifaceted environment. This is clearly depicted in the Mishrag varga mentioned in the classics of Ayurveda. Objective: So, the present study was conducted to find out significant relationships between the drug combinations and the action manifested with the help of Association Rule Mining. Method: The therapeutic effects exerted by the two mishrag varga viz. Panchkola and Shadushna were taken into the study and then association rules were generated in RStudio 0.99.485 using Apriori algorithm implemented in arulesViz, which is an R-extension package. Result: Ten rules were generated which evidently support the properties of the two groups quoted in the classics. Conclusion: It was thus concluded that the association rules give a perspicacious view of the visionary associations and also edify the Drug discovery logic prevalent in the multifaceted environment of Ayurveda.
Background: Roots of Solanum nigrum Linn. (Solanaceae), commonly known as black night shade (Kaka... more Background: Roots of Solanum nigrum Linn. (Solanaceae), commonly known as black night shade (Kakamachi), is traditionally used in the treatment of worms and abdominal pain. Until date no scientific evaluation has been reported on its roots. Aim: The present study deals with the microscopical, histochemical, physicochemical, fluorescence analysis, preliminary phytochemical and chromatographic study of roots of S. nigrum L. Materials and Methods: Thin sections of fresh root were used for the microscopical and histochemical evaluation. Root powder was used for physicochemical and fluorescence analysis. For preliminary phytochemical study water, methanol and ether soluble extractives were used. Chromatographic study was carried out on methanol soluble extractive. Results: Diagnostic features of the roots are presence of prismatic crystals, border pitted vessels, and tannin content. Physico‑chemical analysis of root powder shows ash value 3.99% w/w, 13.04% w/w and 11.85% w/w of water and alcohol soluble extractive values respectively. Phytochemical investigations of root shows presence of alkaloids, tannins and saponins along with other phytoconstituents in different extracts. In chromatographic study, alcoholic extract of root shows 10, 7 and 8 number of spots at 256 nm, 366 nm wavelengths and after spray of vanillin sulphuric acid, respectively. Conclusion: The information generated in this study will be helpful for the proper identification and authentication of roots of this herb. Key words: Kakamachi, pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, Solanun nigrum Linn
International Journal of Research in Ayurved & Pharmacy
A traditional medicinal system which lays due emphasis on the preventive and promotive aspects of... more A traditional medicinal system which lays due emphasis on the preventive and promotive aspects of health by use of peculiar compound preparations and more powerful and potentiates medicinal herbs. Plants which are not mentioned or codified in pharmacopoeia or any other classical text of Ayurveda, yet used traditionally are called as Anukta Dravya (extra pharmacopoeial plant). Telosma pallida is an unexplored medicinal plant in the Ayurveda, belonging to Asclepiadaceae family. Itis traditionally used to treat whooping cough, cold and asthma. The milky latex obtained from fruit is used in leucoderma and other skin diseases. Antioxidant Property of the stem part of the Telosma pallida is well established. But, till date, there is no scientific data available regarding the pharmacognostical and physicochemical profile of the stem of the plant. The macro-microscopical characteristics of the stem depict the presence of laticiferous cells and warty trichomes which are the peculiar characters of Asclepiadaceae family and play a major role in authenticating the species. The stem extract indicates the presence of major phyto-constituents such as tannin, alkaloid, glycoside, and flavonoid. Moreover, physicochemical study and fluorescence analysis was performed of the stem as well as its HPTLC profile was generated for authentication purpose.
The knowledge of the medicinal plants used by tribal people has great values. Presentation of old... more The knowledge of the medicinal plants used by tribal people has great values. Presentation of old concepts and folk claims needs extensive experimental research work. So, To avoid the errors due to other affecting factors and to test the genuinity of folklore claim with respect to their pharmacognostical and phytochemical study. I. coccinea leaves are used to treat various disorders like cough, asthma, catarrhal bronchitis. Their Antiinflammatory, Anti-tussive, Anti-asthmatic, Anti-meiotic activity is well established. I. arbore shows antiviral, hypotensive and spasmolytic activity. The present study was aimed to compare the pharmacognostical and phytochemical aspect of I. coccinea and I. arbore leaves, including their morphology, microscopic characteristics, physico-phytochemical parameters, and HPTLC fingerprint. It revealed that they had basically similar pharmacognostical characteristics but with certain Morphological differences. The present study underwrites to the standardization and verification of these medicinal plants.
Background: Shwasakuthara Rasa (SKR) is a known herbo-mineral formulation indicated in Shwasa (Br... more Background: Shwasakuthara Rasa (SKR) is a known herbo-mineral formulation indicated in Shwasa (Bronchial Asthma). Aims and Objectives: To study the Microscopic and Physicochemical profiles of SKR prepared by two different methods. Materials and Methods: SKR was prepared by adding Maricha (Piper nigrum L) one by one [SKR(A)] and adding Maricha choorna as a whole [SKR(B)] in the mixture of Kajjali of Parada, Gandaka, Vatsanabha, Manahshila and Tankana. Their comparative Pharmacognostical and Physico-chemical studies were carried out. Observations and Results: SKR(A) sample took around 12 hours where as SKR(B) took an average of 5 hours of Mardana (Trituration) to become a homogenous mixture with desired smoothness respectively. Microscopic studies on SKR(A) showed that individual ingredients of the formulation could not be identified and most of cellular components were damaged and released into the Kajjali where as in SKR(B) cellular components of the individual ingredients could be ...
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS), 2017
Introduction: A range of smaller preparation is explained in classics other than five basic Kasha... more Introduction: A range of smaller preparation is explained in classics other than five basic Kashaya Kalpanas. They are categorized considering the similarities in their method of preparation under ‘Panchavidha Kashaya Kalpana.’ ‘Kwathan’ is similar in Kwatha Kalpana and for preparation of Pramathya, which is Upakalpana of Kwatha. Mustakadi Kwatha is not mentioned in classics but Mustakadi Pramathya is mentioned in classics which is used in Raktatisara. Objective: Comparative Pharmaceutico-Analytical Study of Mustakadi Pramathya and Mustakadi Kwatha. Materials and Methods: Mustaka and Indrayava are taken from GMP approved Pharmacy for both preparation i.e. Pramathya and Kwatha. Only difference is, Pramathya is prepared by using Kalka of drugs and Kwatha is preparation by Yavakuta Churna of drugs. Water was added in same quantity. Method of preparation followed was same for both i.e. Kwathana. Discussion: Kalka is Guru than Yavakuta Churna as water is added for Kalka preparation and a...
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research
Wound healing is the process by which skin repairs itself. Wound healing can be divided into 4 ph... more Wound healing is the process by which skin repairs itself. Wound healing can be divided into 4 phases: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. In humans, keratinocytes re-form a functional epidermis (re-epithelialization) as rapidly as possible, closing the wound and reestablishing tissue homeostasis. Dermal fibroblasts migrate into the wound bed and proliferate, creating granulation tissue rich in extracellular matrix proteins and supporting the growth of new blood vessels. Ultimately, this is remodelled over an extended period, returning the injured tissue to a state similar to that before injury. Dysregulation in any phase of the wound healing cascade delays healing and may result in various skin pathologies, including non-healing, hypertrophic scarring and chronic ulceration. Various plant products have been used in the treatment of wounds over the years. Recognizing the important role of traditional plants, we have undertaken an extensivesurvey of literature ...
In Ayurveda classics it is quoted that grains must be used between 1 - 2 years after its producti... more In Ayurveda classics it is quoted that grains must be used between 1 - 2 years after its production while consumption of new grains should be avoided as its long term intake causes harmful effect on body as it is said to be Guru i.e. difficult to digest and Abhishyandi i.e. increases secretions of internal organs. It is said to be one of the cause for manifestation of Prameha which is being correlated with Diabetes mellitus on the basis of symptoms. Grains are major part of Indian diet. Present study aims at comparison between 1 year old and new Mudga [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] on the basis of physico-chemical and nutritional analysis. Mudga has been selected as it is most commonly used and have great therapeutic efficacy. Â
Introduction: Dhanyamla is a medicated liquid preparation produced by fermentation process of var... more Introduction: Dhanyamla is a medicated liquid preparation produced by fermentation process of various grains. Dhanyamla is cold at perception by its nature as it is a sour liquid and Ayurvedic classics opine that amla rasa is of cold nature if used externally. It is commonly used for management of Diabetic Polyneuropathy which commonly presents with burning sensation, loss of strength, loss of balance, loss of sensation, numbness etc. especially of feet. Materials and methods: Raw drugs of Dhanyamla as per the reference in Sahasrayogam were purchased from the local market of Jamnagar, Gujarat. It was prepared as per the standard preparation procedure at Department of Rasa shastra and Bhaishajya kalpana, IPGT&RA, GAU, Jamnagar. The final product was then subjected to pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical analysis. Pharmacognosy of Dhanyamla was carried out by preparing a slide made with glass slide and cover slip. Then this slide was observed under the Carl Zeiss Trinocular microscope...
International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research, 2018
Objective: The Areca catechu L. is a tropical fruit, which is also called betel nut and is widely... more Objective: The Areca catechu L. is a tropical fruit, which is also called betel nut and is widely distributed in different parts of the world. Areca catechu L is used for various treatment aliments in the form of various preparations especially in powdered form and it used extensively in Ayurveda to treat Mukhavikara, Aruchi, Yonishaithilya, Shvetapradara etc. Areca nut is commonly used as betel nut or supari, as it is often chewed wrapped in betel leaves (Paan). The aim is to assessment of Mahabhautika dominance in Pugaphala by pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical study.Methods: Microscopic, macroscopic study and phsico-chemical analysis of Pugaphala Churna.Results: In present study Pugaphala was selected as a Parthiva dominant drug according to its Rasa Panchaka, after that its Mahabhautika dominancy was assessed by pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical study and results also support that in Pharmaceutical study loss on drying is 4.4%w/w, in Pharmacognostical study Rhomboidal cryst...
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019
Objective: The present study was carried out to discover whether these pyrimidine derivatives hav... more Objective: The present study was carried out to discover whether these pyrimidine derivatives have the potential to be used as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX inhibitors through structure-based in silico study. Methods: Docking was performed on 6 pyrimidine analogs; cetuximab and curcumin were taken as reference drug. The structure of the target protein retrieved from the RCSB Protein databank and the protein-ligand docking was performed using Pyrx AutoDock wizard with MGL tools 1.5.6 by using Lamarckian algorithm. Results: All the compounds have shown lower binding energy and inhibition constant (Ki) value than reference drug cetuximab and curcumin. Out of the 6 inhibitors analyzed vkh has shown minimum binding energy against the target protein EGFR and CA IX respectively. Smaller Ki value shows stronger interaction. The scoring value of the interaction of vkh i. e-10.74 and-9.93 Kcal/mol and Ki 13.17ɳM and 53.04ɳM against the target protein E...
Background: A number of Data mining techniques are used to decode the concealed knowledge. Among ... more Background: A number of Data mining techniques are used to decode the concealed knowledge. Among them, Association Rule Mining facilitates to find out interesting associations amid the attribute conditions and class labels and thereby aid in decision making. In Ayurveda, the formulations are designed by taking into consideration a varied number of aspects which leads to the generation of a multifaceted environment. This is clearly depicted in the Mishrag varga mentioned in the classics of Ayurveda. Objective: So, the present study was conducted to find out significant relationships between the drug combinations and the action manifested with the help of Association Rule Mining. Method: The therapeutic effects exerted by the two mishrag varga viz. Panchkola and Shadushna were taken into the study and then association rules were generated in RStudio 0.99.485 using Apriori algorithm implemented in arulesViz, which is an R-extension package. Result: Ten rules were generated which evidently support the properties of the two groups quoted in the classics. Conclusion: It was thus concluded that the association rules give a perspicacious view of the visionary associations and also edify the Drug discovery logic prevalent in the multifaceted environment of Ayurveda.
Background: Roots of Solanum nigrum Linn. (Solanaceae), commonly known as black night shade (Kaka... more Background: Roots of Solanum nigrum Linn. (Solanaceae), commonly known as black night shade (Kakamachi), is traditionally used in the treatment of worms and abdominal pain. Until date no scientific evaluation has been reported on its roots. Aim: The present study deals with the microscopical, histochemical, physicochemical, fluorescence analysis, preliminary phytochemical and chromatographic study of roots of S. nigrum L. Materials and Methods: Thin sections of fresh root were used for the microscopical and histochemical evaluation. Root powder was used for physicochemical and fluorescence analysis. For preliminary phytochemical study water, methanol and ether soluble extractives were used. Chromatographic study was carried out on methanol soluble extractive. Results: Diagnostic features of the roots are presence of prismatic crystals, border pitted vessels, and tannin content. Physico‑chemical analysis of root powder shows ash value 3.99% w/w, 13.04% w/w and 11.85% w/w of water and alcohol soluble extractive values respectively. Phytochemical investigations of root shows presence of alkaloids, tannins and saponins along with other phytoconstituents in different extracts. In chromatographic study, alcoholic extract of root shows 10, 7 and 8 number of spots at 256 nm, 366 nm wavelengths and after spray of vanillin sulphuric acid, respectively. Conclusion: The information generated in this study will be helpful for the proper identification and authentication of roots of this herb. Key words: Kakamachi, pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, Solanun nigrum Linn
International Journal of Research in Ayurved & Pharmacy
A traditional medicinal system which lays due emphasis on the preventive and promotive aspects of... more A traditional medicinal system which lays due emphasis on the preventive and promotive aspects of health by use of peculiar compound preparations and more powerful and potentiates medicinal herbs. Plants which are not mentioned or codified in pharmacopoeia or any other classical text of Ayurveda, yet used traditionally are called as Anukta Dravya (extra pharmacopoeial plant). Telosma pallida is an unexplored medicinal plant in the Ayurveda, belonging to Asclepiadaceae family. Itis traditionally used to treat whooping cough, cold and asthma. The milky latex obtained from fruit is used in leucoderma and other skin diseases. Antioxidant Property of the stem part of the Telosma pallida is well established. But, till date, there is no scientific data available regarding the pharmacognostical and physicochemical profile of the stem of the plant. The macro-microscopical characteristics of the stem depict the presence of laticiferous cells and warty trichomes which are the peculiar characters of Asclepiadaceae family and play a major role in authenticating the species. The stem extract indicates the presence of major phyto-constituents such as tannin, alkaloid, glycoside, and flavonoid. Moreover, physicochemical study and fluorescence analysis was performed of the stem as well as its HPTLC profile was generated for authentication purpose.
The knowledge of the medicinal plants used by tribal people has great values. Presentation of old... more The knowledge of the medicinal plants used by tribal people has great values. Presentation of old concepts and folk claims needs extensive experimental research work. So, To avoid the errors due to other affecting factors and to test the genuinity of folklore claim with respect to their pharmacognostical and phytochemical study. I. coccinea leaves are used to treat various disorders like cough, asthma, catarrhal bronchitis. Their Antiinflammatory, Anti-tussive, Anti-asthmatic, Anti-meiotic activity is well established. I. arbore shows antiviral, hypotensive and spasmolytic activity. The present study was aimed to compare the pharmacognostical and phytochemical aspect of I. coccinea and I. arbore leaves, including their morphology, microscopic characteristics, physico-phytochemical parameters, and HPTLC fingerprint. It revealed that they had basically similar pharmacognostical characteristics but with certain Morphological differences. The present study underwrites to the standardization and verification of these medicinal plants.
Background: Shwasakuthara Rasa (SKR) is a known herbo-mineral formulation indicated in Shwasa (Br... more Background: Shwasakuthara Rasa (SKR) is a known herbo-mineral formulation indicated in Shwasa (Bronchial Asthma). Aims and Objectives: To study the Microscopic and Physicochemical profiles of SKR prepared by two different methods. Materials and Methods: SKR was prepared by adding Maricha (Piper nigrum L) one by one [SKR(A)] and adding Maricha choorna as a whole [SKR(B)] in the mixture of Kajjali of Parada, Gandaka, Vatsanabha, Manahshila and Tankana. Their comparative Pharmacognostical and Physico-chemical studies were carried out. Observations and Results: SKR(A) sample took around 12 hours where as SKR(B) took an average of 5 hours of Mardana (Trituration) to become a homogenous mixture with desired smoothness respectively. Microscopic studies on SKR(A) showed that individual ingredients of the formulation could not be identified and most of cellular components were damaged and released into the Kajjali where as in SKR(B) cellular components of the individual ingredients could be ...
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