Patent as Intellectual Property Right (HKI) is the result of research and development (R&D) activ... more Patent as Intellectual Property Right (HKI) is the result of research and development (R&D) activity, vital to boost industry development and plays an important role in increasing business competitiveness of a country. Based on Government Regulation No. 6 Year 2006, HKI of public R&D institution as a result of R&D financed by government is public asset; therefore, it must be protected and valuated. The patent containing technology invention is under legal protection and can be commercialized; therefore, its value is affected by factors of technology, law and commercial aspect.
Lignocellulosic bioethanol and biobutanol as renewable energy sources are become interesting matt... more Lignocellulosic bioethanol and biobutanol as renewable energy sources are become interesting matter by researchers. Various kind of lignocellulosic biomass wastes such as agriculture, forestry, plantation, industrial and municipal organic solid waste have been explored to be converted to the alcohol. Various process parameters influence efficiency and effectiveness of conversion process of biomass to the alcohol. This study is aimed to understand the effect of lignocelullosic biomas particle size on production of bioethanol and biobutanol as renewable energy sources. The review was conducted by combining desk study and a research at Research Center for Chemistry-LIPI. The study showed that particle size has been found to influence biomass bulk density, slurry viscosity, specific surface area and accessible surface area. In addition, the grinding process influences biomass porosity and decreases cellulose crystalinity. Finally, they would influence digestability of cellulose during...
Patent as Intellectual Property Right (HKI) is the result of research and development (RD therefo... more Patent as Intellectual Property Right (HKI) is the result of research and development (RD therefore, it must be protected and valuated. The patent containing technology invention is under legal protection and can be commercialized; therefore, its value is affected by factors of technology, law and commercial aspect. The numerous factors influencing patent value makes patent valuation hard to conduct, so there emerge various researches and studies, proposing various methods to determine patent value. Although patent value as public asset must be determined, there has not been any way or method of patent valuation, set or agreed on; thus many R&D institutions encounter trouble in determining the value of a patent. This paper studies various methods published, and recommends Compensation Method as appropriate for patent valuation as a state asset, since this method calculates various fundamental matters affecting patent value, namely the costs in the past and in the future, and potenti...
Supply Chain Management (SCM) has been widely acknowledged as very important business strategy in... more Supply Chain Management (SCM) has been widely acknowledged as very important business strategy in the enhancement of competitiveness of enterprises. Many trends in SCM and its implications have been pointed out and a management platform has also been introduced by earlier writers. Considering various trend, implication and design of supply chain, a study on how SCM implemented in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia which produce various coconut-based products was conducted. This paper briefly reviews some concepts in SCM. The aim is to update and disseminate some of the latest concepts. The SCM applied by an SME, namely PT. Tropica Nucifera Industry (PT.TNI), is also reviewed. Key to the success of PT.TNI is its ability to establish win/win and very strong collaboration with two main players in the supply chain, i.e., ‘many small suppliers’ and knowledge institutions. The company is adding knowledge institutions in their SCM, realizing the important role of the knowledg...
Shrimp shells as side product of frozen shrimp industry isnot yet used in pharmaceutical or chemi... more Shrimp shells as side product of frozen shrimp industry isnot yet used in pharmaceutical or chemical industries. Shrimpshells has a chemical constituent called chitin, calcium carbonateand protein as main compounds. By decalcination in dilute aqueosHCl solution (1-2 N) and deproteination ill dilute aqueos NaOHsolution (3-4 Nj gives a chitin. Deacetylation of chitin in theexcess of aqueous 50 % NaOH solution produces chitosan. Inthe preleminary experiment indicated that water (< 10%) andash (< 2%) content of chit os an same as standard. Based on theexperiment result the optimum condition was obtained as 1N HCIsolution (1: 10), 3N NaOH solution (1:6) and 50 % NaOH solution(1: 5) resulted 12,61 % chitosan with deacetylation degree valueabout 70 % with FT1R methode. Hydrolysis of chitin or chitosanin excess HCl gives glucosamine about 17 %, it's a mixture of aand B-glucosa11line. Glucoseamine is identified using 1H and13C NMR spectrum.
The pyrolysis of sugar cane bagasse at peak temperatures between 300 and 1100 "C and at heat... more The pyrolysis of sugar cane bagasse at peak temperatures between 300 and 1100 "C and at heating rates of 200 - 10,000 °Cjs produced water, primary tar, C02 and char. Further decomposition of the primary tar r e su lt ed gases and secondary tar . The conversion o f dry bagasse to v ol atile materials was 91.6 % . Bagasse water content influenced the pyro l y sis produ c ts c o mposition. It decreased the maximum yield of secondary tar from 50.6 to 39.8 %, increased total gas yield from 34.5 to 54.7 % and ultimate char yield from 8.4 to 11 . 7 % (of theini t ial dry sample weight). For com b ustion engineeringpurposes, a singlefi r st o r der reaction m o del with E = 12 . 9 kcai/mole, A = 3 . 33 x 1& s · 1 and W· = 88.7 % wa s a suitable model to predict bagasse pyrolysis reaction rate based on t he total weight loss data. The calcula t ion indicated that water in bagasse - decreasedignition rate in a bagasse swir l burner .
Indonesia has been facing the fuel energy problems in some parts of the country, especially in ru... more Indonesia has been facing the fuel energy problems in some parts of the country, especially in rural areas. In order to reduce dependence on commercial energy, steps have been taken to develop an alternative source, such as biogas. The main constraints for installing a digester, however, are the initial investment cost and the competition over kerosene. In this paper, the application of an anaerobic process for biogas production from cassava solid waste, water hyacinth, and manures are explained.
Bioetanol dan biobutanol dari biomasa lignoselulosa menjadi bahan bakar terbarukan yang sedang me... more Bioetanol dan biobutanol dari biomasa lignoselulosa menjadi bahan bakar terbarukan yang sedang menarik perhatian banyak peneliti. Berbagai macam biomasa lignoselulosa yang berupa limbah pertanian, perkebunan, pengolahan hasil hutan, industri dan sampah kota telah diteliti untuk dikonversi menjadi alkokol. Berbagai parameter proses mempengaruhi efisiensi dan efektifitas proses konversi biomasa limbah organik tersebut menjadi alkohol. Salah satu parameter yang tidak banyak diperhatikan oleh peneliti di Indonesia adalah pengaruh ukuran partikel biomasa terhadap tingkat capaian proses konversi biomasa menjadi alkohol. Tinjauan ini ditujukan untuk melihat pengaruh ukuran partikel biomasa lignoselulosa terhadap pembuatan bioetanol dan biobutanol sebagai bahan bakar. Peninjauan dilakukan melalui kajian pustaka (desk study) dan ditambahkan dengan data primer hasil penelitian di Pusat Penelitian Kimia. Tinjauan ini memperlihatkan bahwa ukuran partikel biomasa mempengaruhi berat jenis unggun,...
Patent as Intellectual Property Right (HKI) is the result of research and development (R&D) activ... more Patent as Intellectual Property Right (HKI) is the result of research and development (R&D) activity, vital to boost industry development and plays an important role in increasing business competitiveness of a country. Based on Government Regulation No. 6 Year 2006, HKI of public R&D institution as a result of R&D financed by government is public asset; therefore, it must be protected and valuated. The patent containing technology invention is under legal protection and can be commercialized; therefore, its value is affected by factors of technology, law and commercial aspect. The numerous factors influencing patent value makes patent valuation hard to conduct, so there emerge various researches and studies, proposing various methods to determine patent value. Although patent value as public asset must be determined, there has not been any way or method of patent valuation, set or agreed on; thus many R&D institutions encounter trouble in determining the value of a patent. This pape...
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
An increase in the demand for fuel, depleting petroleum resources, and enhancing for a better atm... more An increase in the demand for fuel, depleting petroleum resources, and enhancing for a better atmospheric are significant reasons to drive countries competing to find out petroleum fuel alternatives. Bio-alcohol, especially ethanol (C2H5OH) and butanol (C4H9OH), are considered by experts as potential substances for future fuel, especially for road transportation fuel. Compared with ethanol, the physical and chemical properties of butanol are close to gasoline. Hence the studies of butanol as a fuel alternative for transportation were conducted comprehensively in several countries. Butanol could derive from various resources such as petroleum-derived products, lignocellulosic biomass, food crops, microalgae, or waste gas from specific manufacturing industries. This study reviewed the advancement of lignocellulosic butanol production technology and challenges for increasing production scale. Besides that, it is also considered local R&D activities on biobutanol and its results and evo...
Patent as Intellectual Property Right (HKI) is the result of research and development (R&D) activ... more Patent as Intellectual Property Right (HKI) is the result of research and development (R&D) activity, vital to boost industry development and plays an important role in increasing business competitiveness of a country. Based on Government Regulation No. 6 Year 2006, HKI of public R&D institution as a result of R&D financed by government is public asset; therefore, it must be protected and valuated. The patent containing technology invention is under legal protection and can be commercialized; therefore, its value is affected by factors of technology, law and commercial aspect.
Lignocellulosic bioethanol and biobutanol as renewable energy sources are become interesting matt... more Lignocellulosic bioethanol and biobutanol as renewable energy sources are become interesting matter by researchers. Various kind of lignocellulosic biomass wastes such as agriculture, forestry, plantation, industrial and municipal organic solid waste have been explored to be converted to the alcohol. Various process parameters influence efficiency and effectiveness of conversion process of biomass to the alcohol. This study is aimed to understand the effect of lignocelullosic biomas particle size on production of bioethanol and biobutanol as renewable energy sources. The review was conducted by combining desk study and a research at Research Center for Chemistry-LIPI. The study showed that particle size has been found to influence biomass bulk density, slurry viscosity, specific surface area and accessible surface area. In addition, the grinding process influences biomass porosity and decreases cellulose crystalinity. Finally, they would influence digestability of cellulose during...
Patent as Intellectual Property Right (HKI) is the result of research and development (RD therefo... more Patent as Intellectual Property Right (HKI) is the result of research and development (RD therefore, it must be protected and valuated. The patent containing technology invention is under legal protection and can be commercialized; therefore, its value is affected by factors of technology, law and commercial aspect. The numerous factors influencing patent value makes patent valuation hard to conduct, so there emerge various researches and studies, proposing various methods to determine patent value. Although patent value as public asset must be determined, there has not been any way or method of patent valuation, set or agreed on; thus many R&D institutions encounter trouble in determining the value of a patent. This paper studies various methods published, and recommends Compensation Method as appropriate for patent valuation as a state asset, since this method calculates various fundamental matters affecting patent value, namely the costs in the past and in the future, and potenti...
Supply Chain Management (SCM) has been widely acknowledged as very important business strategy in... more Supply Chain Management (SCM) has been widely acknowledged as very important business strategy in the enhancement of competitiveness of enterprises. Many trends in SCM and its implications have been pointed out and a management platform has also been introduced by earlier writers. Considering various trend, implication and design of supply chain, a study on how SCM implemented in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia which produce various coconut-based products was conducted. This paper briefly reviews some concepts in SCM. The aim is to update and disseminate some of the latest concepts. The SCM applied by an SME, namely PT. Tropica Nucifera Industry (PT.TNI), is also reviewed. Key to the success of PT.TNI is its ability to establish win/win and very strong collaboration with two main players in the supply chain, i.e., ‘many small suppliers’ and knowledge institutions. The company is adding knowledge institutions in their SCM, realizing the important role of the knowledg...
Shrimp shells as side product of frozen shrimp industry isnot yet used in pharmaceutical or chemi... more Shrimp shells as side product of frozen shrimp industry isnot yet used in pharmaceutical or chemical industries. Shrimpshells has a chemical constituent called chitin, calcium carbonateand protein as main compounds. By decalcination in dilute aqueosHCl solution (1-2 N) and deproteination ill dilute aqueos NaOHsolution (3-4 Nj gives a chitin. Deacetylation of chitin in theexcess of aqueous 50 % NaOH solution produces chitosan. Inthe preleminary experiment indicated that water (< 10%) andash (< 2%) content of chit os an same as standard. Based on theexperiment result the optimum condition was obtained as 1N HCIsolution (1: 10), 3N NaOH solution (1:6) and 50 % NaOH solution(1: 5) resulted 12,61 % chitosan with deacetylation degree valueabout 70 % with FT1R methode. Hydrolysis of chitin or chitosanin excess HCl gives glucosamine about 17 %, it's a mixture of aand B-glucosa11line. Glucoseamine is identified using 1H and13C NMR spectrum.
The pyrolysis of sugar cane bagasse at peak temperatures between 300 and 1100 "C and at heat... more The pyrolysis of sugar cane bagasse at peak temperatures between 300 and 1100 "C and at heating rates of 200 - 10,000 °Cjs produced water, primary tar, C02 and char. Further decomposition of the primary tar r e su lt ed gases and secondary tar . The conversion o f dry bagasse to v ol atile materials was 91.6 % . Bagasse water content influenced the pyro l y sis produ c ts c o mposition. It decreased the maximum yield of secondary tar from 50.6 to 39.8 %, increased total gas yield from 34.5 to 54.7 % and ultimate char yield from 8.4 to 11 . 7 % (of theini t ial dry sample weight). For com b ustion engineeringpurposes, a singlefi r st o r der reaction m o del with E = 12 . 9 kcai/mole, A = 3 . 33 x 1& s · 1 and W· = 88.7 % wa s a suitable model to predict bagasse pyrolysis reaction rate based on t he total weight loss data. The calcula t ion indicated that water in bagasse - decreasedignition rate in a bagasse swir l burner .
Indonesia has been facing the fuel energy problems in some parts of the country, especially in ru... more Indonesia has been facing the fuel energy problems in some parts of the country, especially in rural areas. In order to reduce dependence on commercial energy, steps have been taken to develop an alternative source, such as biogas. The main constraints for installing a digester, however, are the initial investment cost and the competition over kerosene. In this paper, the application of an anaerobic process for biogas production from cassava solid waste, water hyacinth, and manures are explained.
Bioetanol dan biobutanol dari biomasa lignoselulosa menjadi bahan bakar terbarukan yang sedang me... more Bioetanol dan biobutanol dari biomasa lignoselulosa menjadi bahan bakar terbarukan yang sedang menarik perhatian banyak peneliti. Berbagai macam biomasa lignoselulosa yang berupa limbah pertanian, perkebunan, pengolahan hasil hutan, industri dan sampah kota telah diteliti untuk dikonversi menjadi alkokol. Berbagai parameter proses mempengaruhi efisiensi dan efektifitas proses konversi biomasa limbah organik tersebut menjadi alkohol. Salah satu parameter yang tidak banyak diperhatikan oleh peneliti di Indonesia adalah pengaruh ukuran partikel biomasa terhadap tingkat capaian proses konversi biomasa menjadi alkohol. Tinjauan ini ditujukan untuk melihat pengaruh ukuran partikel biomasa lignoselulosa terhadap pembuatan bioetanol dan biobutanol sebagai bahan bakar. Peninjauan dilakukan melalui kajian pustaka (desk study) dan ditambahkan dengan data primer hasil penelitian di Pusat Penelitian Kimia. Tinjauan ini memperlihatkan bahwa ukuran partikel biomasa mempengaruhi berat jenis unggun,...
Patent as Intellectual Property Right (HKI) is the result of research and development (R&D) activ... more Patent as Intellectual Property Right (HKI) is the result of research and development (R&D) activity, vital to boost industry development and plays an important role in increasing business competitiveness of a country. Based on Government Regulation No. 6 Year 2006, HKI of public R&D institution as a result of R&D financed by government is public asset; therefore, it must be protected and valuated. The patent containing technology invention is under legal protection and can be commercialized; therefore, its value is affected by factors of technology, law and commercial aspect. The numerous factors influencing patent value makes patent valuation hard to conduct, so there emerge various researches and studies, proposing various methods to determine patent value. Although patent value as public asset must be determined, there has not been any way or method of patent valuation, set or agreed on; thus many R&D institutions encounter trouble in determining the value of a patent. This pape...
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
An increase in the demand for fuel, depleting petroleum resources, and enhancing for a better atm... more An increase in the demand for fuel, depleting petroleum resources, and enhancing for a better atmospheric are significant reasons to drive countries competing to find out petroleum fuel alternatives. Bio-alcohol, especially ethanol (C2H5OH) and butanol (C4H9OH), are considered by experts as potential substances for future fuel, especially for road transportation fuel. Compared with ethanol, the physical and chemical properties of butanol are close to gasoline. Hence the studies of butanol as a fuel alternative for transportation were conducted comprehensively in several countries. Butanol could derive from various resources such as petroleum-derived products, lignocellulosic biomass, food crops, microalgae, or waste gas from specific manufacturing industries. This study reviewed the advancement of lignocellulosic butanol production technology and challenges for increasing production scale. Besides that, it is also considered local R&D activities on biobutanol and its results and evo...
Uploads
Papers by syahrul aiman