Drafts by Subina Shrestha
North American Academic Research, 2019
Nepal and China, despite the difference in the size of the nation, the economy and its sociopolit... more Nepal and China, despite the difference in the size of the nation, the economy and its sociopolitical structure, both the countries have a common objective of conserving and flourishing the forests and forest resources of their country. Both these nations have gone through forest reforms in the past three decades and have formulated policies that suit their best interest. Although in a different scale, there has been a positive change in the forestry of China and Nepal after the forest reform in the 1980’s. But China has had remarkable accomplishments in comparison to Nepal. The reason behind this is due to the difference in management practices of these two economies, the forest policy of China being oriented towards conservation and increasing the productivity of the forest while the forest policy of Nepal being conservation oriented and emphasizing more on tackling socioeconomic problems. Lastly, the major reason is the difference of national investment in these two economies. Nepal can learn from the management practices and trends of China to rehabilitate and improve the forest resources of the country. However, the question that new management practices and policy will be a success in Nepal given the political situation, socioeconomic structure and corruption can be a viable topic for future researches.
Papers by Subina Shrestha
Wetlands, 2020
Determining the economic value of wetlands is essential while creating sustainable wetland develo... more Determining the economic value of wetlands is essential while creating sustainable wetland development plans and market-based ecological protection strategies. This paper studies the value of Begnas Watershed System by assessing the economic values of its selective ecosystem servicees. We conducted household surveys, multiple focus group discussions, stakeholder consultation, indepth interviews and used a combination of market and non-market based valuation methods like market price method, travel cost method, revealved price method, contingent valuation method, and benefit transfer method to determine the value of ecosystem services of the Begnas Watershed System. This study discovered that the economic benefit generated from the wetland was worth US 3.91 million per year, equivalent to US 650.67 per household and US$ 799.79 per hectare. The direct nonconsumptive (recreational) service was the most beneficial service holding about 85% of the total value. This research study concludes that the Begnas Watershed System is economically beneficial for the local communities living in or close to the watershed and is worth the investment in lake restoration projects. This results from this study will serve as an important tool for policymakers and stakeholders during the formulation of management plans for the wetland's sustainability.
Published online : 01 May, 2019 Abstract: Nepal and China, despite the difference in the size of ... more Published online : 01 May, 2019 Abstract: Nepal and China, despite the difference in the size of the nation, the economy and its socio-political structure, both the countries have a common objective of conserving and flourishing the forests and forest resources of their country. Both these nations have gone through forest reforms in the past three decades and have formulated policies that suit their best interest. Although in a different scale, there has been a positive change in the forestry of China and Nepal after the forest reform in the 1980’s. But China has had remarkable accomplishments in comparison to Nepal. The reason behind this is due to the difference in management practices of these two economies, the forest policy of China being oriented towards conservation and increasing the productivity of the forest while the forest policy of Nepal being conservation oriented and emphasizing more on tackling socio-economic problems. Lastly, the major reason is the difference of na...
Residents’ willingness-to-pay for watershed conservation plays a crucial role in developing susta... more Residents’ willingness-to-pay for watershed conservation plays a crucial role in developing sustainable market-based ecological protection strategies. The main objective of this study was to assess local residents’ willingness-to-pay for the protection and conservation of the Begnas watershed ecosystem services, which was estimated using a contingent valuation method. Particularly, the study assessed the factors that affect the residents' willingness-to-pay using the Heckit model generating knowledge crucial to design watershed conservation programs and market-based protection strategies. The total willingness-to-pay was worth of $203,598.15 year−1, and the average annual willingness-to-pay of a household (US$ 33.95) indicated the high importance of Begnas watershed conservation. Likewise, the results from econometric modeling showed a positive relationship between factors, namely gender (male resident), household size, education level, occupation (tourism and agriculture), inco...
Journal of Forest and Natural Resource Management
Phewa watershed, the second largest natural lake system in Nepal, is considered vital for the wel... more Phewa watershed, the second largest natural lake system in Nepal, is considered vital for the well being and economy at local, provincial and national level. Phewa watershed offers multiple benefits to the downstream dwellers involved in tourism, hotel, boating, fishing, irrigation, hydropower, etc. The constant degradation of watershed has become a serious challenge to sustain the watershed. Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) can be an effective environmental management tool for sustaining ecological and economic benefits, especially in an urban watershed like Phewa. This study has assessed the opportunities for the potentialityof PES in Phewa watershed. It first identified and ranked the tradable ecosystem services along with service providers and beneficiaries using Likert scale. Then, 137 households were surveyed to evaluate their perceptions of payment for ecosystem services and sustainable management of Phewa Lake. The results identified tourism as the major ecosystem servic...
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Drafts by Subina Shrestha
Papers by Subina Shrestha