Cit a tio n fo r fin al p u blis h e d ve r sio n: M o s t af a, Ah m e d M o h a m m e d S a y e... more Cit a tio n fo r fin al p u blis h e d ve r sio n: M o s t af a, Ah m e d M o h a m m e d S a y e d a n d Bo t t o ml ey, P a ul A. 2 0 2 0. S elf-s a c rifici al le a d e r s hi p a n d e m ploy e e b e h a vio u r s: a n e x a mi n a tio n of t h e r ol e of o r g a niz a tio n al s o ci al c a pi t al. Jou r n al of Bu si n e s s E t hic s 1 6 1 (3) , p p .
This paper compares the properties and performance of three weight elicitation methods. It is in ... more This paper compares the properties and performance of three weight elicitation methods. It is in e ect a "second round contest" in which the Bottomley et al. (2000) champion, direct rating (DR), locks horns with two new challengers. People using DR rate each attribute in turn on a scale of 0-100, whilst people using Max100 ÿrst assign to the most important attribute(s) a rating of 100, and then rate the other attributes relative to it=them. People using Min10 ÿrst assign the least important attribute(s) a rating of 10, and then rate the other attributes relative to it=them. The weights produced by Max100 were somewhat more test-retest reliable than DR. Both methods were considerably more reliable than Min10. Using people's test-retest data as attribute weights on simulated alternative values in a multi-attribute choice scenario, the same alternative would be chosen on 91% of occasions using Max100, 87% of occasions using DR, but only 75% of occasions using Min10. Moreover, the three methods are shown to have very distinct "signatures", that is proÿles relating weights to rank position. Finally, people actually preferred using Max100 and DR rather than Min10, an important pragmatic consideration.
This paper illustrates how font, viewed as a component of a brand's visual equity, can enhance a ... more This paper illustrates how font, viewed as a component of a brand's visual equity, can enhance a brand's identity and build its market share. In a two-alternative forced-choice task, brands, covering 10 different product categories, were chosen twice as frequently when they were in an appropriate font relative to when they were not. This finding was replicated with no diminution of the effect even when brand names were highly connotative. In a subsequent small field study, consumers chose chocolates from a box of chocolates having an appropriate font rather than one having an inappropriate font on 75% of occasions. Our study establishes the importance for marketers to adopt a coherent font policy to cover current and possible future brand extensions.
Given a choice set of two alternatives, the addition of a third alternative that is clearly infer... more Given a choice set of two alternatives, the addition of a third alternative that is clearly inferior to one of the existing alternatives (but not the other), can result in a shift of preference to the alternative that dominates the new alternative. The basic asymmetrically dominated effect, as it is called, is first demonstrated under two different buying frames of mind ("What would you buy?" and "What would most people buy?"). It is then shown that the third alternative may be recognized as an unavailable option, yet still cause a preference shift. Finally, the asymmetrically dominated effect is demonstrated for real, in-store purchases. It is concluded that the effect is robust, has a wide scope, is quite sizeable, and is of practical significance.
The universality of design perception and response is tested using data collected from ten countr... more The universality of design perception and response is tested using data collected from ten countries: Argentina,
The Relative Age Effect (RAE) documents the inherent disadvantages of being younger rather than o... more The Relative Age Effect (RAE) documents the inherent disadvantages of being younger rather than older in an age-banded cohort, typically a school-or competition-year, to the detriment of career-progression, earnings and wellbeing into adulthood. We develop the Tails of the Travelling Gaussian (TTG) to model the mechanisms behind RAE. TTG has notable advantages over existing approaches, which have been largely descriptive, potentially confounded, and non-comparable across contexts. In Study 1, using data from the UK's Millennium Cohort Study, we investigate the different levels of RAE bias across school-level academic subjects and "personality" traits. Study 2 concerns biased admissions to elite English Premier League soccer academies, and shows the model can still be used with minimal data. We also develop two practical metrics: the discrimination index (I D), to quantify the disadvantages facing cohort-younger children; and the wastage metric (W), to quantify the loss through untapped potential. TTG is sufficiently well-specified to simulate the consequences of I D and W for policy change.
Everyone loves it when a small competitor takes on a Goliath and wins. To understand how brands c... more Everyone loves it when a small competitor takes on a Goliath and wins. To understand how brands can accomplish that (and do so profitably), we’ve examined various streams of research and identified a few moves that are nicely illustrated by Leicester City FC’s rise to the top of the English Premier League (EPL) last season. This remarkable underdog story from the world of soccer provides a useful case study of sorts for businesses as well as sports organizations. At the beginning of the season everything about Leicester suggested it would not survive in the EPL: a dramatic escape from relegation to a lower league the previous season; a negligible fan base; no glory days or trophies to speak of; and a new manager, Claudio Ranieri, who seemed a poor fit for the humble team, given his past appointments with high-profile, well-resourced clubs such as Chelsea, Juventus, and Inter Milan. At 5,000:1 Leicester had the longest odds to win the EPL of all 20 teams; according to various bookmakers it was more likely that Elvis would be found alive (those odds were estimated at a mere 2,000:1). So when the team actually won the league for the first time in its 132-year history, it defied all expectations. Impressive as Leicester was on the pitch, its performance off the pitch underpinned its commercial success. Three moves served the club particularly well:
Sponsorships involving foreign brands are ubiquitous, but those involving a company from an animo... more Sponsorships involving foreign brands are ubiquitous, but those involving a company from an animosity-evoking country can adversely affect rather than enhance domestic consumers' attitude towards the brand. This paper explains the mechanisms by which brand denigration occurs, introducing and validating a model of the animosity transfer process as well as considering if various framing and timing strategies attenuate or lead to adverse consumer responses. Design/methodology/approach Study 1 tests the animosity transfer model, utilizing a scenario in which English consumers respond to a German brand sponsoring the England soccer team. Study 2 assesses the generalizability of the model in the context of Indian consumers' responses to sponsorship of their cricket team by a Chinese company, and the extent to which an honest framing of the sponsorship choice through the announcement affects outcomes. Study 3 returns to an England-Germany country dyad, testing whether priming consumers with information about the sponsorship prior to a full announcement, attenuates or intensifies the impact of animosity on the studied outcomes. Findings 2 The three studies demonstrate that when consumers learn of a sponsorship, it triggers an evaluation process in which the agonistic emotion (anger) they feel plays a pivotal role. More intense emotional appraisals weaken perceptions of sponsor-sponsee congruence, which together act as consecutive process variables mediating the relationship between animosity and sponsorship outcomes. Framing the sponsorship announcement with an honest justification for the partnership can improve outcomes but not amongst those with the highest animosity. Providing consumers with an advanced warning (preannouncement) of the sponsorship also amplifies consumers' unfavorable evaluations showcasing how difficult animosity is to manage in this context. Originality/value The animosity transfer model aids understanding of the mechanisms by which animosity affects brand attitude for foreign (out-group) sponsors. It identifies how animosity generates agonistic emotions and in turn weakens perceived fit between the sponsor and sponsee, leading to adverse consumer responses.
The customer relationship management (CRM) industry is set to be worth $76.3 billion by 2005 but ... more The customer relationship management (CRM) industry is set to be worth $76.3 billion by 2005 but over 50% of projects will fail to meet benefit objectives. While CRM nirvana is the attainment of profitable one-to-one relationships, current activity is concentrated on segmentation. As technology has moved segmentation from simple classification towards more complex predictive modelling, the use of CRM analytic suites comprising statistical techniques such as decision trees, neural networks and cluster analysis is increasing. It is suggested that the subjective nature of cluster analysis may be overlooked when the technique is integrated with other ‘tools’ into a data-mining package and, consequently, that inadequately tested cluster analysis solutions may be contributing to CRM dissatisfaction. This paper reports the findings of a study which subjected a data set designed for segmentation purposes to a series of rigorous validity and reliability tests and went as far as to randomise ...
Understanding how consumer culture affects children’s wellbeing has recently moved centre stage a... more Understanding how consumer culture affects children’s wellbeing has recently moved centre stage across the world with concerns growing over the adverse effects of rising levels of materialism. Globally, Unicef (Innocenti, 2007) has painted a bleak picture for the psychological welfare of children living in the world’s most materially rich countries. Best sellers from North America, such as Consuming Kids (Linn, 2004) or Born to Buy (Shor, 2004) and in the UK Toxic Childhood (Palmer, 2006) go further by criticizing how marketing organizations, society in general and contemporary family values encourage children to consume more and be satisfied with less. Academic research has also begun identifying the mechanisms by which consumer culture may interfere with the psychological wellbeing of children (Achenreiner, 1997; Buijzen & Valkenburg, 2003; Goldberg, Gorn, Peracchio & Bamossy, 2003; Flouri, 2004; Luthar, 2003; Kasser, 2002; Chaplin & John, 2007). This chapter explores the relationship between materialism and children’s self-esteem. In particular, it focuses on one area which has so far received relatively little attention, namely the effects of socio-economic status (SES) on this interaction. In other words, are the links between materialism and feeling good or bad affected by whether a child is living in a household which can afford to purchase consumer goods or one where money is tight?
J. (In Press). Configuring perceived fit to mitigate consumer animosity in the context of crossbo... more J. (In Press). Configuring perceived fit to mitigate consumer animosity in the context of crossborder sport sponsorships. European Sport Management Quarterly.
Thi s is a n O p e n Acc e s s d o c u m e n t d o w nlo a d e d fro m ORCA, C a r diff U niv e r... more Thi s is a n O p e n Acc e s s d o c u m e n t d o w nlo a d e d fro m ORCA, C a r diff U niv e r si ty' s in s ti t u tio n al r e p o si t o ry: h t t p s://o r c a. c a r diff.a c. u k/i d/ e p ri n t/ 1 2 3 5 8 5/ This is t h e a u t h o r's v e r sio n of a w o r k t h a t w a s s u b mi t t e d t o / a c c e p t e d fo r p u blic a tio n. Cit a tio n fo r fin al p u blis h e d ve r sio n: M o s t af a, Ah m e d M o h a m m e d S ay e d, Bot t o ml ey, P a ul , Go ul d-Willi a m s, Julia n , Abo u a r g h o u b, Wes s a m a n d Lyt h r e a ti s, S o p hi e 2 0 1 9. Hi g h co m mi t m e n t h u m a n r e s o u r c e p r a c tic e s a n d e m ploy e e o u t c o m e s: Th e c o n ti n g e n t r ol e of o r g a ni s a tio n al id e n tific a tio n. H u m a n R e s o u r c e M a n a g e m e n t Jou r n al 2 9 (4) ,
This paper examines whether the relationship between transformational leadership and organisation... more This paper examines whether the relationship between transformational leadership and organisational citizenship behaviours is contingent on public service motivation (PSM). We propose that PSM may reduce followers' reliance on the motivational behaviours of transformational leaders in public sector organisations. Using a sample of Mexican employees we tested this proposition with structural equation modelling. Our results show that public sector followers higher in PSM placed less reliance, than those lower in PSM, on transformational behaviours. A follow-up study in private sector organisations did not reveal a similar interaction effect. These findings appear consistent with previous research demonstrating that PSM is more aligned to the goals and values of public rather than private sector organisations.
Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, Nov 16, 2013
This article examines a process, namely person-organization (P-O) fit, through which public servi... more This article examines a process, namely person-organization (P-O) fit, through which public service motivation (PSM) affects work-related stress, quit intentions, and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). Using a sample of 671 professionals in the Egyptian higher education and health sectors, a mediation model is outlined and tested empirically using structural equation modeling. Our results show that PSM positively affected P-O fit, which in turn had significant positive associations with OCBs and negative associations with workrelated stress and quit intentions. Although P-O fit explained a high proportion of mediation in the relationship between PSM, stress, and quit intentions, it only explained a low proportion in the relationship between PSM and OCBs. In general, our findings suggest that if public managers are desirous of improving employee experience at work, then achieving congruence between employees' and organizational values is important. InTrOducTIOn Public service motivation (PSM) refers to a value or attitude that motivates individuals to engage in behaviors that benefit society. Much research has examined the relationship between PSM and employee attitudes, most notably job satisfaction and organizational commitment (Cerase and Farinella 2009; Leisink and Steijn 2009; Naff and Crum 1999; Taylor 2007). However, the process through which PSM affects employee attitudes has received far less attention. To date, researchers have concentrated exclusively on one such process, namely the role of shared values as encapsulated by person-organizational fit (P-O fit). Studies have reported that the degree of congruence between employee and organizational values (P-O fit) offers some insight into the process through which PSM affects employee outcomes (
Cit a tio n fo r fin al p u blis h e d ve r sio n: M o s t af a, Ah m e d M o h a m m e d S ay e ... more Cit a tio n fo r fin al p u blis h e d ve r sio n: M o s t af a, Ah m e d M o h a m m e d S ay e d, Go ul d-Willia m s , Juli a n S ey m o u r a n d Bo t t o ml ey, P a ul 2 0 1 5. Hi g h-p e rfo r m a n c e h u m a n r e s o u r c e p r a c tic e s a n d e m ploy e e o u t c o m e s: t h e m e di a ti n g r ol e of p u blic s e rvic e m o tiv a tio n. P u blic Ad mi nis t r a tio n R evi e w 7 5 (5) ,
Many disciplines of scholarship are interested in the Relative Age Effect (RAE), whereby age-band... more Many disciplines of scholarship are interested in the Relative Age Effect (RAE), whereby age-banding confers advantages on older members of the cohort over younger ones. Most research does not test this relationship in a manner consistent with theory (which requires a decline in frequency across the cohort year), instead resorting to non-parametric, non-directional approaches. In this article, the authors address this disconnect, provide an overview of the benefits associated with Poisson regression modelling, and two managerially useful measures for quantifying RAE bias, namely the Indices of Discrimination and Wastage. In a tutorial-like exposition, applications and extensions of this approach are illustrated using data on professional soccer players competing in the top two tiers of the "Big Five" European football leagues in the search to identify paragon clubs, leagues, and countries from which others may learn to mitigate this form of age-discrimination in the talent identification process. As with OLS regression, Poisson regression may include more than one independent variable. In this way we test competing explanations of RAE; control for unwanted sources of covariation; model interaction effects (that different clubs and countries may not all be subject to RAE to the same degree); and test for non-monotonic versions of RAE suggested in the literature.
Cit a tio n fo r fin al p u blis h e d ve r sio n: M o s t af a, Ah m e d M o h a m m e d S a y e... more Cit a tio n fo r fin al p u blis h e d ve r sio n: M o s t af a, Ah m e d M o h a m m e d S a y e d a n d Bo t t o ml ey, P a ul A. 2 0 2 0. S elf-s a c rifici al le a d e r s hi p a n d e m ploy e e b e h a vio u r s: a n e x a mi n a tio n of t h e r ol e of o r g a niz a tio n al s o ci al c a pi t al. Jou r n al of Bu si n e s s E t hic s 1 6 1 (3) , p p .
This paper compares the properties and performance of three weight elicitation methods. It is in ... more This paper compares the properties and performance of three weight elicitation methods. It is in e ect a "second round contest" in which the Bottomley et al. (2000) champion, direct rating (DR), locks horns with two new challengers. People using DR rate each attribute in turn on a scale of 0-100, whilst people using Max100 ÿrst assign to the most important attribute(s) a rating of 100, and then rate the other attributes relative to it=them. People using Min10 ÿrst assign the least important attribute(s) a rating of 10, and then rate the other attributes relative to it=them. The weights produced by Max100 were somewhat more test-retest reliable than DR. Both methods were considerably more reliable than Min10. Using people's test-retest data as attribute weights on simulated alternative values in a multi-attribute choice scenario, the same alternative would be chosen on 91% of occasions using Max100, 87% of occasions using DR, but only 75% of occasions using Min10. Moreover, the three methods are shown to have very distinct "signatures", that is proÿles relating weights to rank position. Finally, people actually preferred using Max100 and DR rather than Min10, an important pragmatic consideration.
This paper illustrates how font, viewed as a component of a brand's visual equity, can enhance a ... more This paper illustrates how font, viewed as a component of a brand's visual equity, can enhance a brand's identity and build its market share. In a two-alternative forced-choice task, brands, covering 10 different product categories, were chosen twice as frequently when they were in an appropriate font relative to when they were not. This finding was replicated with no diminution of the effect even when brand names were highly connotative. In a subsequent small field study, consumers chose chocolates from a box of chocolates having an appropriate font rather than one having an inappropriate font on 75% of occasions. Our study establishes the importance for marketers to adopt a coherent font policy to cover current and possible future brand extensions.
Given a choice set of two alternatives, the addition of a third alternative that is clearly infer... more Given a choice set of two alternatives, the addition of a third alternative that is clearly inferior to one of the existing alternatives (but not the other), can result in a shift of preference to the alternative that dominates the new alternative. The basic asymmetrically dominated effect, as it is called, is first demonstrated under two different buying frames of mind ("What would you buy?" and "What would most people buy?"). It is then shown that the third alternative may be recognized as an unavailable option, yet still cause a preference shift. Finally, the asymmetrically dominated effect is demonstrated for real, in-store purchases. It is concluded that the effect is robust, has a wide scope, is quite sizeable, and is of practical significance.
The universality of design perception and response is tested using data collected from ten countr... more The universality of design perception and response is tested using data collected from ten countries: Argentina,
The Relative Age Effect (RAE) documents the inherent disadvantages of being younger rather than o... more The Relative Age Effect (RAE) documents the inherent disadvantages of being younger rather than older in an age-banded cohort, typically a school-or competition-year, to the detriment of career-progression, earnings and wellbeing into adulthood. We develop the Tails of the Travelling Gaussian (TTG) to model the mechanisms behind RAE. TTG has notable advantages over existing approaches, which have been largely descriptive, potentially confounded, and non-comparable across contexts. In Study 1, using data from the UK's Millennium Cohort Study, we investigate the different levels of RAE bias across school-level academic subjects and "personality" traits. Study 2 concerns biased admissions to elite English Premier League soccer academies, and shows the model can still be used with minimal data. We also develop two practical metrics: the discrimination index (I D), to quantify the disadvantages facing cohort-younger children; and the wastage metric (W), to quantify the loss through untapped potential. TTG is sufficiently well-specified to simulate the consequences of I D and W for policy change.
Everyone loves it when a small competitor takes on a Goliath and wins. To understand how brands c... more Everyone loves it when a small competitor takes on a Goliath and wins. To understand how brands can accomplish that (and do so profitably), we’ve examined various streams of research and identified a few moves that are nicely illustrated by Leicester City FC’s rise to the top of the English Premier League (EPL) last season. This remarkable underdog story from the world of soccer provides a useful case study of sorts for businesses as well as sports organizations. At the beginning of the season everything about Leicester suggested it would not survive in the EPL: a dramatic escape from relegation to a lower league the previous season; a negligible fan base; no glory days or trophies to speak of; and a new manager, Claudio Ranieri, who seemed a poor fit for the humble team, given his past appointments with high-profile, well-resourced clubs such as Chelsea, Juventus, and Inter Milan. At 5,000:1 Leicester had the longest odds to win the EPL of all 20 teams; according to various bookmakers it was more likely that Elvis would be found alive (those odds were estimated at a mere 2,000:1). So when the team actually won the league for the first time in its 132-year history, it defied all expectations. Impressive as Leicester was on the pitch, its performance off the pitch underpinned its commercial success. Three moves served the club particularly well:
Sponsorships involving foreign brands are ubiquitous, but those involving a company from an animo... more Sponsorships involving foreign brands are ubiquitous, but those involving a company from an animosity-evoking country can adversely affect rather than enhance domestic consumers' attitude towards the brand. This paper explains the mechanisms by which brand denigration occurs, introducing and validating a model of the animosity transfer process as well as considering if various framing and timing strategies attenuate or lead to adverse consumer responses. Design/methodology/approach Study 1 tests the animosity transfer model, utilizing a scenario in which English consumers respond to a German brand sponsoring the England soccer team. Study 2 assesses the generalizability of the model in the context of Indian consumers' responses to sponsorship of their cricket team by a Chinese company, and the extent to which an honest framing of the sponsorship choice through the announcement affects outcomes. Study 3 returns to an England-Germany country dyad, testing whether priming consumers with information about the sponsorship prior to a full announcement, attenuates or intensifies the impact of animosity on the studied outcomes. Findings 2 The three studies demonstrate that when consumers learn of a sponsorship, it triggers an evaluation process in which the agonistic emotion (anger) they feel plays a pivotal role. More intense emotional appraisals weaken perceptions of sponsor-sponsee congruence, which together act as consecutive process variables mediating the relationship between animosity and sponsorship outcomes. Framing the sponsorship announcement with an honest justification for the partnership can improve outcomes but not amongst those with the highest animosity. Providing consumers with an advanced warning (preannouncement) of the sponsorship also amplifies consumers' unfavorable evaluations showcasing how difficult animosity is to manage in this context. Originality/value The animosity transfer model aids understanding of the mechanisms by which animosity affects brand attitude for foreign (out-group) sponsors. It identifies how animosity generates agonistic emotions and in turn weakens perceived fit between the sponsor and sponsee, leading to adverse consumer responses.
The customer relationship management (CRM) industry is set to be worth $76.3 billion by 2005 but ... more The customer relationship management (CRM) industry is set to be worth $76.3 billion by 2005 but over 50% of projects will fail to meet benefit objectives. While CRM nirvana is the attainment of profitable one-to-one relationships, current activity is concentrated on segmentation. As technology has moved segmentation from simple classification towards more complex predictive modelling, the use of CRM analytic suites comprising statistical techniques such as decision trees, neural networks and cluster analysis is increasing. It is suggested that the subjective nature of cluster analysis may be overlooked when the technique is integrated with other ‘tools’ into a data-mining package and, consequently, that inadequately tested cluster analysis solutions may be contributing to CRM dissatisfaction. This paper reports the findings of a study which subjected a data set designed for segmentation purposes to a series of rigorous validity and reliability tests and went as far as to randomise ...
Understanding how consumer culture affects children’s wellbeing has recently moved centre stage a... more Understanding how consumer culture affects children’s wellbeing has recently moved centre stage across the world with concerns growing over the adverse effects of rising levels of materialism. Globally, Unicef (Innocenti, 2007) has painted a bleak picture for the psychological welfare of children living in the world’s most materially rich countries. Best sellers from North America, such as Consuming Kids (Linn, 2004) or Born to Buy (Shor, 2004) and in the UK Toxic Childhood (Palmer, 2006) go further by criticizing how marketing organizations, society in general and contemporary family values encourage children to consume more and be satisfied with less. Academic research has also begun identifying the mechanisms by which consumer culture may interfere with the psychological wellbeing of children (Achenreiner, 1997; Buijzen & Valkenburg, 2003; Goldberg, Gorn, Peracchio & Bamossy, 2003; Flouri, 2004; Luthar, 2003; Kasser, 2002; Chaplin & John, 2007). This chapter explores the relationship between materialism and children’s self-esteem. In particular, it focuses on one area which has so far received relatively little attention, namely the effects of socio-economic status (SES) on this interaction. In other words, are the links between materialism and feeling good or bad affected by whether a child is living in a household which can afford to purchase consumer goods or one where money is tight?
J. (In Press). Configuring perceived fit to mitigate consumer animosity in the context of crossbo... more J. (In Press). Configuring perceived fit to mitigate consumer animosity in the context of crossborder sport sponsorships. European Sport Management Quarterly.
Thi s is a n O p e n Acc e s s d o c u m e n t d o w nlo a d e d fro m ORCA, C a r diff U niv e r... more Thi s is a n O p e n Acc e s s d o c u m e n t d o w nlo a d e d fro m ORCA, C a r diff U niv e r si ty' s in s ti t u tio n al r e p o si t o ry: h t t p s://o r c a. c a r diff.a c. u k/i d/ e p ri n t/ 1 2 3 5 8 5/ This is t h e a u t h o r's v e r sio n of a w o r k t h a t w a s s u b mi t t e d t o / a c c e p t e d fo r p u blic a tio n. Cit a tio n fo r fin al p u blis h e d ve r sio n: M o s t af a, Ah m e d M o h a m m e d S ay e d, Bot t o ml ey, P a ul , Go ul d-Willi a m s, Julia n , Abo u a r g h o u b, Wes s a m a n d Lyt h r e a ti s, S o p hi e 2 0 1 9. Hi g h co m mi t m e n t h u m a n r e s o u r c e p r a c tic e s a n d e m ploy e e o u t c o m e s: Th e c o n ti n g e n t r ol e of o r g a ni s a tio n al id e n tific a tio n. H u m a n R e s o u r c e M a n a g e m e n t Jou r n al 2 9 (4) ,
This paper examines whether the relationship between transformational leadership and organisation... more This paper examines whether the relationship between transformational leadership and organisational citizenship behaviours is contingent on public service motivation (PSM). We propose that PSM may reduce followers' reliance on the motivational behaviours of transformational leaders in public sector organisations. Using a sample of Mexican employees we tested this proposition with structural equation modelling. Our results show that public sector followers higher in PSM placed less reliance, than those lower in PSM, on transformational behaviours. A follow-up study in private sector organisations did not reveal a similar interaction effect. These findings appear consistent with previous research demonstrating that PSM is more aligned to the goals and values of public rather than private sector organisations.
Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, Nov 16, 2013
This article examines a process, namely person-organization (P-O) fit, through which public servi... more This article examines a process, namely person-organization (P-O) fit, through which public service motivation (PSM) affects work-related stress, quit intentions, and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). Using a sample of 671 professionals in the Egyptian higher education and health sectors, a mediation model is outlined and tested empirically using structural equation modeling. Our results show that PSM positively affected P-O fit, which in turn had significant positive associations with OCBs and negative associations with workrelated stress and quit intentions. Although P-O fit explained a high proportion of mediation in the relationship between PSM, stress, and quit intentions, it only explained a low proportion in the relationship between PSM and OCBs. In general, our findings suggest that if public managers are desirous of improving employee experience at work, then achieving congruence between employees' and organizational values is important. InTrOducTIOn Public service motivation (PSM) refers to a value or attitude that motivates individuals to engage in behaviors that benefit society. Much research has examined the relationship between PSM and employee attitudes, most notably job satisfaction and organizational commitment (Cerase and Farinella 2009; Leisink and Steijn 2009; Naff and Crum 1999; Taylor 2007). However, the process through which PSM affects employee attitudes has received far less attention. To date, researchers have concentrated exclusively on one such process, namely the role of shared values as encapsulated by person-organizational fit (P-O fit). Studies have reported that the degree of congruence between employee and organizational values (P-O fit) offers some insight into the process through which PSM affects employee outcomes (
Cit a tio n fo r fin al p u blis h e d ve r sio n: M o s t af a, Ah m e d M o h a m m e d S ay e ... more Cit a tio n fo r fin al p u blis h e d ve r sio n: M o s t af a, Ah m e d M o h a m m e d S ay e d, Go ul d-Willia m s , Juli a n S ey m o u r a n d Bo t t o ml ey, P a ul 2 0 1 5. Hi g h-p e rfo r m a n c e h u m a n r e s o u r c e p r a c tic e s a n d e m ploy e e o u t c o m e s: t h e m e di a ti n g r ol e of p u blic s e rvic e m o tiv a tio n. P u blic Ad mi nis t r a tio n R evi e w 7 5 (5) ,
Many disciplines of scholarship are interested in the Relative Age Effect (RAE), whereby age-band... more Many disciplines of scholarship are interested in the Relative Age Effect (RAE), whereby age-banding confers advantages on older members of the cohort over younger ones. Most research does not test this relationship in a manner consistent with theory (which requires a decline in frequency across the cohort year), instead resorting to non-parametric, non-directional approaches. In this article, the authors address this disconnect, provide an overview of the benefits associated with Poisson regression modelling, and two managerially useful measures for quantifying RAE bias, namely the Indices of Discrimination and Wastage. In a tutorial-like exposition, applications and extensions of this approach are illustrated using data on professional soccer players competing in the top two tiers of the "Big Five" European football leagues in the search to identify paragon clubs, leagues, and countries from which others may learn to mitigate this form of age-discrimination in the talent identification process. As with OLS regression, Poisson regression may include more than one independent variable. In this way we test competing explanations of RAE; control for unwanted sources of covariation; model interaction effects (that different clubs and countries may not all be subject to RAE to the same degree); and test for non-monotonic versions of RAE suggested in the literature.
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Papers by Paul Bottomley