SDG#1 and #13 No poverty and Climate Action by the year 2030 are interconnected and a good discus... more SDG#1 and #13 No poverty and Climate Action by the year 2030 are interconnected and a good discussion point at this conference. One priority action on poverty eradication is improving access to sustainable livelihoods, entrepreneurial opportunities and productive resources. Target 1.5 states that: “By 2030, build the resilience of the poor and those in vulnerable situations and reduce their exposure and vulnerability to climate-related extreme events and other economic, social and environmental shocks and disasters. Target 13.1: “Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters: Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries” and Target 13.3: “Build knowledge and capacity to meet climate change: improve education, awareness-raising and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction and early warning.” Agribusiness remains central to food security, job c...
EPH - International Journal of Science And Engineering
Instrument validity, though at the heart of quantitative business research, has not been adequate... more Instrument validity, though at the heart of quantitative business research, has not been adequately treated by novice researchers and advisors alike, potentially invalidating otherwise good research. This paper reviews validity in business research and presents practical implications for its assessment. The paper finds immediate use among novice researchers and advisors in assessing instrument validity and by extension entire research validity. As a result, it is hoped quality of researches will improve warranting scrutiny by researchers in the fields of business studies and beyond.
European journal of management issues, Jun 25, 2022
The purpose of the study is to help firms use strategy as an important tool helping both manageme... more The purpose of the study is to help firms use strategy as an important tool helping both management and employees in control and evaluation of whether or not the institution's objectives are met. Design/Method/Approach: The researcher used an exploratory study design, and the data was collected through organised interviews via telephone to gather everything that is relevant for the study. Qualitative data collected was thereafter analysed by finding out similarities and differences among the responses collected from different institutions and conclusions made. Findings: The findings indicate that strategic management practices are useful predictor variables of performance. The composite R 2 value of .714 which indicates that 71.4% variation of performance in parastatals in Kenya is as a result of strategic management practices. Of these practices, strategy implementation had the highest impact on performance. The least was strategy evaluation. Theoretical Implications: Strategic fit theory was used to analyse the performance of each parastatal. The researcher then presented the data using a descriptive approach by the use of illustrative quotes. Practical Implications: The performance of parastatals is good with both employees and consumers reporting high levels of satisfaction. Originality/Value: To achieve any organizational goals, a parastatal needs to plan, formulate and implement. The document is to encourage top management in parastatals to practice strategic management as it will have a positive impact on performance in parastatals in Kenya. Research Limitations/Future Research: Like many research studies, a small group of 14 parastatals was examined, and conclusions were made basing on the findings from this sample. This brought about a generalization that was applied to all other subjects in the field. This generalization appeared somewhat unfair judgement about other parastatals from where participants were not selected because different institutions may have different cultures and levels of professionalism, practice and performance when it comes to matters of strategic management.
EPH - International Journal of Business & Management Science
In Kenya there has been a significant increase of motorcycle taxi business since 2005 to date. Th... more In Kenya there has been a significant increase of motorcycle taxi business since 2005 to date. This has resulted into diversification in transport industry and the competitive framework amongst the key operators in the industry. Past studies dwelt on the impact of commercial bicycle taxi on the revenue of other industry players yet little is known about the effect of motorcycle taxi on other related business activities in Siaya district. The purpose of this study was to establish the impact of motorcycle taxi on emergence of related business namely: spare parts trade, motorcycle mechanics, filling stations, and other traders within Siaya District. The study objective was to identify new businesses which have emerged as a result of motorcycle taxi. Multi stage sampling procedure was used to determine the sample size. A sample survey of 18 spare parts traders, 9 filling stations, 6 mechanics and 60 other traders were interviewed. Primary data was used for the study which was collected...
The International Journal of Business & Management
The term 'change management' refers to the planned, managed, or systematic implementation of chan... more The term 'change management' refers to the planned, managed, or systematic implementation of changes (Burns, 2018). The rate of change is so rapid, and the degree of obsolescence for organisations that resist change is so great that many individuals are forced to choose between embracing change and perishing. Due to technological, economic, political, and social upheavals, the business climate of the twenty-first century is characterised by rapid change (Lysons & Farrington, 2012). Resistance management is essential to effectively embrace new processes and systems in an ongoing organisation, which is the primary objective of this transformation. Consequently, managing change includes controlling its human impact (Carnall & Todnem, 2014). Researchers and practitioners differentiate a reactionary response from an anticipatory or proactive one. According to Senior and Swiles (2016), managers face resistance to change and respond to it differently depending on the circumstances and time period. Coercion is one of the methods used (Bremer & Lames, 2012). It involves employing force or threat to convince employees to accept or comply with a change that may be implicit or explicit. It includes harassment, bullying, and using direct or indirect threats to engender fear. Education and effective communication are further alternatives (Balogun, Gustafsson, and Hailey, 2015). This strategy can be useful when employees lack information or are only partially aware of the various facets of a change. Because knowledge is power, employees will resist change if they lack sufficient knowledge or have incorrect or insufficient information about the various components of the change. Partners who are convinced of the necessity of change are more inclined to contribute to its successful implementation. Participation and involvement are change formulation methods emphasising consultation and collaboration with change implementers. It is typically encouraged, particularly when the change's initiators lack sufficient information to make and implement the change or when the employees have significant authority to reject it. The alternative option is to achieve a compromise and negotiate (Burnes, 2018). This process includes negotiations, deals, and sacrifices between resistance and management. The technique focuses on exchanging something good for less resistance to change. Managers can also employ strategies of coercion and manipulation. The focus is on convincing or swaying the personnel to approve the change. To persuade staff members to embrace the change, they may subtly attempt to: Conceal information,
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Oct 5, 2022
Despite growth of research publications, various meaning of knowledge and interpretations of supp... more Despite growth of research publications, various meaning of knowledge and interpretations of supply chain risk management (SCRM) have evolved and considerable differences between its theory and practice, hence necessitating thorough review in SCRM by concentrating on the research gaps. The main objective of this study paper was to determine the main themes and gaps in literature in the field of SCRM. The study employed a systematic literature methodology on peer reviewed articles in SCRM on five major publishing sites, Emerald, Science Direct, Springer, Taylor & Francis and JSTOR from the period 2006 to 2020. Studies were mined and explored using the keyword "supply chain risk management" in the titles and abstracts with a view to consider all journal articles. A total of 135 articles in 48 journals from the period 2006-2020 were mined revealing SCRM gaps in research. A simple affinity diagram grouped research gaps into themes. Analysis was carried out by an excel database. Interpretivism research philosophy was used to guide the study. Exploratory design was further adopted in the study. Gaps were identified in literature in the field of SCRM and relevant themes revealed. The review was based on only 5 journal publishers. Excluded articles, but which focused on SCRM practices is also a limitation of the present systematic review. Further scholarly work can adopt findings of this study in contributing to the existing body of knowledge. The study diverts from the previous scholarly works by presenting research gaps systematically and thematically. The idea of SCRM has appeared to be among the key globally focused supply chain strategies over the last decade (Munir et al., 2020). Today manufacturing companies' supply chain operate under circumstances that are characterized by risks hence there is need for companies to investigate on the risks affecting the supply chain (Hamdi et al., (2018). SCRM has faced numerous predicaments given the difference in financial structures of economies, as well as globalization and this has l exposed supply chains to unprecedented risks (Gurtu and Johny, 2021). In order to mitigate these shorthauls, many organizations transform their traditional supply chain risk management styles (Gurtu and Johny, 2021) and come up with methods that drive improvements in an overall reduction of challenges, such as SCRM . SCRM is an inter-organizational corrective responsibly geared towards managing risks in organizations by identifying, monitor and segmenting mitigation mechanisms against unexpected and unwanted happening which may heavily affect the operation ability of supply chain system and cause losses to organizations (Ho et al., 2015). In the same vein, Aqlan and Lam (2016) alludes that SCRM is a logical and organized mechanism of recognizing and alleviating happenings that may accrue to an organization and cause losses Carvalho agree that SCRM has received widespread attention and application. Specifically, the concept of SCRM has witnessed is a tremendous increase in the scholalry literature in. Due to an increase in the publications of research studies, systematic review articles on SCRM have also been documented (Prakash et al., 2017). Even though, diverse body of knowledge and interpretations of supply chain risk management have evolved (Munir et al, 2020) and the considerable differences between SCRM theory and practice (Bak, 2018) have caused confusion in their implementation . Bak (2018) establish that there is need for a literature study reviewing extant literature in the field of SCRM focusing on research gaps, while similarly, agrees there is a growing importance to substantiate the foremost research agenda in SCRM that have not yet been explored. This systematic review study is different from preceding studies on SCRM which have been published. In detail, the preceding SCRM looked at study articles that concentrated on the following issues: the stages of SCRM and the main elements deviating from the previous SCRM literature
Resources like time, organizational efforts and materials require efficient management in order t... more Resources like time, organizational efforts and materials require efficient management in order to achieve greater outputs. Every organization need to reduce waste in these resources to the minimum possible so as to produce high quality services and products. The real estate industry has been evolving overtime from the traditional conventional bricks and mortar industry to be more dynamic and operational, focusing on access and outcomes rather than ownership. Investors who do not develop creative and cost-effective strategies of accessing operational experience and innovation are likely to have diminishing returns on their investments. This paper illustrates how efficiency in operations is influenced by how investors select a combination of their investment portfolio. The study reviews and analyses the concept of operational efficiency of real estate investment firms in Nairobi county and suggests ways in which it can be improved in future through strategic decision making. This art...
Desk review of recently published articles on socioeconomic and environmental impacts of fall arm... more Desk review of recently published articles on socioeconomic and environmental impacts of fall armyworm and Striga weed at three stages of maize value chains in Kenya
This book is based on key concepts of Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) which are relevant to the Ke... more This book is based on key concepts of Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) which are relevant to the Kenyan situation. There is a disparity between Kenya's experiences and that of the developed world. The ensuing disparity in world mergers and acquisitions and Kenya in particular forms the basis of this study. Bidder characteristics, industry variables and market variables were included in an exploratory survey of six firms listed in financial and Industrial sectors listed at the Nairobi Stock Exchange. At 0.05 significant levels, regression results averagely showed an impressive prediction of R squared value ranging from 0.667 to 0.999. Profitability was the most influential variable in determining growth of firms through M&A in Kenya. Industry concentration, sales growth, stock market index and GDP growth only determined growth to a lesser Extent. Based on the findings, it was concluded that listed The book will appeal to scholars,researchers, policy makers, investors and business e...
The sought to establish the effect of relationship quality on customer loyalty among registered p... more The sought to establish the effect of relationship quality on customer loyalty among registered pharmaceutical firms in Western Kenya. The study used descriptive research design in which multistage sampling technique was employed to select a sample size of 52 from the targeted population of 60. A self administered structured and semi structured questionnaires were used to collect primary data. The findings revealed that there is a positive relationship between relationship quality dimensions and Customer loyalty as was shown by R 2 of 62.7% of the regression model. The study provided empirical evidence on the significant effect of relationship quality on customer loyalty. It also contributed to the academic field by in cooperating and testing service quality as relationship quality dimension as suggested by other researchers in relationship marketing. It further recommended that Pharmaceutical firms should focus on those activities that would ensure maximum service quality, customer...
SDG#1 and #13 No poverty and Climate Action by the year 2030 are interconnected and a good discus... more SDG#1 and #13 No poverty and Climate Action by the year 2030 are interconnected and a good discussion point at this conference. One priority action on poverty eradication is improving access to sustainable livelihoods, entrepreneurial opportunities and productive resources. Target 1.5 states that: “By 2030, build the resilience of the poor and those in vulnerable situations and reduce their exposure and vulnerability to climate-related extreme events and other economic, social and environmental shocks and disasters. Target 13.1: “Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters: Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries” and Target 13.3: “Build knowledge and capacity to meet climate change: improve education, awareness-raising and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction and early warning.” Agribusiness remains central to food security, job c...
EPH - International Journal of Science And Engineering
Instrument validity, though at the heart of quantitative business research, has not been adequate... more Instrument validity, though at the heart of quantitative business research, has not been adequately treated by novice researchers and advisors alike, potentially invalidating otherwise good research. This paper reviews validity in business research and presents practical implications for its assessment. The paper finds immediate use among novice researchers and advisors in assessing instrument validity and by extension entire research validity. As a result, it is hoped quality of researches will improve warranting scrutiny by researchers in the fields of business studies and beyond.
European journal of management issues, Jun 25, 2022
The purpose of the study is to help firms use strategy as an important tool helping both manageme... more The purpose of the study is to help firms use strategy as an important tool helping both management and employees in control and evaluation of whether or not the institution's objectives are met. Design/Method/Approach: The researcher used an exploratory study design, and the data was collected through organised interviews via telephone to gather everything that is relevant for the study. Qualitative data collected was thereafter analysed by finding out similarities and differences among the responses collected from different institutions and conclusions made. Findings: The findings indicate that strategic management practices are useful predictor variables of performance. The composite R 2 value of .714 which indicates that 71.4% variation of performance in parastatals in Kenya is as a result of strategic management practices. Of these practices, strategy implementation had the highest impact on performance. The least was strategy evaluation. Theoretical Implications: Strategic fit theory was used to analyse the performance of each parastatal. The researcher then presented the data using a descriptive approach by the use of illustrative quotes. Practical Implications: The performance of parastatals is good with both employees and consumers reporting high levels of satisfaction. Originality/Value: To achieve any organizational goals, a parastatal needs to plan, formulate and implement. The document is to encourage top management in parastatals to practice strategic management as it will have a positive impact on performance in parastatals in Kenya. Research Limitations/Future Research: Like many research studies, a small group of 14 parastatals was examined, and conclusions were made basing on the findings from this sample. This brought about a generalization that was applied to all other subjects in the field. This generalization appeared somewhat unfair judgement about other parastatals from where participants were not selected because different institutions may have different cultures and levels of professionalism, practice and performance when it comes to matters of strategic management.
EPH - International Journal of Business & Management Science
In Kenya there has been a significant increase of motorcycle taxi business since 2005 to date. Th... more In Kenya there has been a significant increase of motorcycle taxi business since 2005 to date. This has resulted into diversification in transport industry and the competitive framework amongst the key operators in the industry. Past studies dwelt on the impact of commercial bicycle taxi on the revenue of other industry players yet little is known about the effect of motorcycle taxi on other related business activities in Siaya district. The purpose of this study was to establish the impact of motorcycle taxi on emergence of related business namely: spare parts trade, motorcycle mechanics, filling stations, and other traders within Siaya District. The study objective was to identify new businesses which have emerged as a result of motorcycle taxi. Multi stage sampling procedure was used to determine the sample size. A sample survey of 18 spare parts traders, 9 filling stations, 6 mechanics and 60 other traders were interviewed. Primary data was used for the study which was collected...
The International Journal of Business & Management
The term 'change management' refers to the planned, managed, or systematic implementation of chan... more The term 'change management' refers to the planned, managed, or systematic implementation of changes (Burns, 2018). The rate of change is so rapid, and the degree of obsolescence for organisations that resist change is so great that many individuals are forced to choose between embracing change and perishing. Due to technological, economic, political, and social upheavals, the business climate of the twenty-first century is characterised by rapid change (Lysons & Farrington, 2012). Resistance management is essential to effectively embrace new processes and systems in an ongoing organisation, which is the primary objective of this transformation. Consequently, managing change includes controlling its human impact (Carnall & Todnem, 2014). Researchers and practitioners differentiate a reactionary response from an anticipatory or proactive one. According to Senior and Swiles (2016), managers face resistance to change and respond to it differently depending on the circumstances and time period. Coercion is one of the methods used (Bremer & Lames, 2012). It involves employing force or threat to convince employees to accept or comply with a change that may be implicit or explicit. It includes harassment, bullying, and using direct or indirect threats to engender fear. Education and effective communication are further alternatives (Balogun, Gustafsson, and Hailey, 2015). This strategy can be useful when employees lack information or are only partially aware of the various facets of a change. Because knowledge is power, employees will resist change if they lack sufficient knowledge or have incorrect or insufficient information about the various components of the change. Partners who are convinced of the necessity of change are more inclined to contribute to its successful implementation. Participation and involvement are change formulation methods emphasising consultation and collaboration with change implementers. It is typically encouraged, particularly when the change's initiators lack sufficient information to make and implement the change or when the employees have significant authority to reject it. The alternative option is to achieve a compromise and negotiate (Burnes, 2018). This process includes negotiations, deals, and sacrifices between resistance and management. The technique focuses on exchanging something good for less resistance to change. Managers can also employ strategies of coercion and manipulation. The focus is on convincing or swaying the personnel to approve the change. To persuade staff members to embrace the change, they may subtly attempt to: Conceal information,
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Oct 5, 2022
Despite growth of research publications, various meaning of knowledge and interpretations of supp... more Despite growth of research publications, various meaning of knowledge and interpretations of supply chain risk management (SCRM) have evolved and considerable differences between its theory and practice, hence necessitating thorough review in SCRM by concentrating on the research gaps. The main objective of this study paper was to determine the main themes and gaps in literature in the field of SCRM. The study employed a systematic literature methodology on peer reviewed articles in SCRM on five major publishing sites, Emerald, Science Direct, Springer, Taylor & Francis and JSTOR from the period 2006 to 2020. Studies were mined and explored using the keyword "supply chain risk management" in the titles and abstracts with a view to consider all journal articles. A total of 135 articles in 48 journals from the period 2006-2020 were mined revealing SCRM gaps in research. A simple affinity diagram grouped research gaps into themes. Analysis was carried out by an excel database. Interpretivism research philosophy was used to guide the study. Exploratory design was further adopted in the study. Gaps were identified in literature in the field of SCRM and relevant themes revealed. The review was based on only 5 journal publishers. Excluded articles, but which focused on SCRM practices is also a limitation of the present systematic review. Further scholarly work can adopt findings of this study in contributing to the existing body of knowledge. The study diverts from the previous scholarly works by presenting research gaps systematically and thematically. The idea of SCRM has appeared to be among the key globally focused supply chain strategies over the last decade (Munir et al., 2020). Today manufacturing companies' supply chain operate under circumstances that are characterized by risks hence there is need for companies to investigate on the risks affecting the supply chain (Hamdi et al., (2018). SCRM has faced numerous predicaments given the difference in financial structures of economies, as well as globalization and this has l exposed supply chains to unprecedented risks (Gurtu and Johny, 2021). In order to mitigate these shorthauls, many organizations transform their traditional supply chain risk management styles (Gurtu and Johny, 2021) and come up with methods that drive improvements in an overall reduction of challenges, such as SCRM . SCRM is an inter-organizational corrective responsibly geared towards managing risks in organizations by identifying, monitor and segmenting mitigation mechanisms against unexpected and unwanted happening which may heavily affect the operation ability of supply chain system and cause losses to organizations (Ho et al., 2015). In the same vein, Aqlan and Lam (2016) alludes that SCRM is a logical and organized mechanism of recognizing and alleviating happenings that may accrue to an organization and cause losses Carvalho agree that SCRM has received widespread attention and application. Specifically, the concept of SCRM has witnessed is a tremendous increase in the scholalry literature in. Due to an increase in the publications of research studies, systematic review articles on SCRM have also been documented (Prakash et al., 2017). Even though, diverse body of knowledge and interpretations of supply chain risk management have evolved (Munir et al, 2020) and the considerable differences between SCRM theory and practice (Bak, 2018) have caused confusion in their implementation . Bak (2018) establish that there is need for a literature study reviewing extant literature in the field of SCRM focusing on research gaps, while similarly, agrees there is a growing importance to substantiate the foremost research agenda in SCRM that have not yet been explored. This systematic review study is different from preceding studies on SCRM which have been published. In detail, the preceding SCRM looked at study articles that concentrated on the following issues: the stages of SCRM and the main elements deviating from the previous SCRM literature
Resources like time, organizational efforts and materials require efficient management in order t... more Resources like time, organizational efforts and materials require efficient management in order to achieve greater outputs. Every organization need to reduce waste in these resources to the minimum possible so as to produce high quality services and products. The real estate industry has been evolving overtime from the traditional conventional bricks and mortar industry to be more dynamic and operational, focusing on access and outcomes rather than ownership. Investors who do not develop creative and cost-effective strategies of accessing operational experience and innovation are likely to have diminishing returns on their investments. This paper illustrates how efficiency in operations is influenced by how investors select a combination of their investment portfolio. The study reviews and analyses the concept of operational efficiency of real estate investment firms in Nairobi county and suggests ways in which it can be improved in future through strategic decision making. This art...
Desk review of recently published articles on socioeconomic and environmental impacts of fall arm... more Desk review of recently published articles on socioeconomic and environmental impacts of fall armyworm and Striga weed at three stages of maize value chains in Kenya
This book is based on key concepts of Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) which are relevant to the Ke... more This book is based on key concepts of Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) which are relevant to the Kenyan situation. There is a disparity between Kenya's experiences and that of the developed world. The ensuing disparity in world mergers and acquisitions and Kenya in particular forms the basis of this study. Bidder characteristics, industry variables and market variables were included in an exploratory survey of six firms listed in financial and Industrial sectors listed at the Nairobi Stock Exchange. At 0.05 significant levels, regression results averagely showed an impressive prediction of R squared value ranging from 0.667 to 0.999. Profitability was the most influential variable in determining growth of firms through M&A in Kenya. Industry concentration, sales growth, stock market index and GDP growth only determined growth to a lesser Extent. Based on the findings, it was concluded that listed The book will appeal to scholars,researchers, policy makers, investors and business e...
The sought to establish the effect of relationship quality on customer loyalty among registered p... more The sought to establish the effect of relationship quality on customer loyalty among registered pharmaceutical firms in Western Kenya. The study used descriptive research design in which multistage sampling technique was employed to select a sample size of 52 from the targeted population of 60. A self administered structured and semi structured questionnaires were used to collect primary data. The findings revealed that there is a positive relationship between relationship quality dimensions and Customer loyalty as was shown by R 2 of 62.7% of the regression model. The study provided empirical evidence on the significant effect of relationship quality on customer loyalty. It also contributed to the academic field by in cooperating and testing service quality as relationship quality dimension as suggested by other researchers in relationship marketing. It further recommended that Pharmaceutical firms should focus on those activities that would ensure maximum service quality, customer...
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Papers by Fredrick Aila