Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, 2021
Selenium (Se), a fundamental element of nutrigenomic science in fish nutrition, was used to inves... more Selenium (Se), a fundamental element of nutrigenomic science in fish nutrition, was used to investigate its impact on selenoproteome expression and Se regulation in tilapia. Different concentrations (T1 - 0, T2 - 0.5, T3 - 1.0 and T4 - 2.0 mg/kg of feed) of dietary nano-Se were incorporated in the diets of monosex Nile tilapia. A total of 180 tilapia fingerlings with initial weight (15.73 ± 0.05 g) were stocked in 150 L capacity FRP tanks categorized into four diet groups with triplicate each for a feeding trial of 90 days. At the end of first, second and third months of the feeding trial, gill, liver, kidney and muscle tissues were harvested to evaluate the effect on the kinetics of Se bioaccumulation and assimilation as well as immune-regulated selenoprotein transcripts (GPx2, SelJ, SelL, SelK, SelS, SelW and Sepp1a) and their synthesis factors (SPS1 and Scly). The findings depicted that significantly (p < 0.05) higher weight gain was found in the diet supplemented with 1.0 mg/kg of nano-Se. The theory of second-order polynomial regression supported the same. The liver showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher Se accumulation and concentration factor among the harvested tissues in a different timeline. All the selected immune-regulated selenoproteins and synthesis factors in different fish tissues showed significantly (p < 0.05) up-regulation in the diet supplemented with 1.0 mg/kg of nano-Se for the second month. Therefore, the present findings suggested that the supplementation of nano-Se could be more effective for improved growth, better selenium regulation and expression of immune-regulated selenoproteins in the fish model.
The site characteristics include present land use, vegetation and land topography of the fish pon... more The site characteristics include present land use, vegetation and land topography of the fish ponds were investigated based on visual field observation. Physico-chemical and biological characteristics of water from selected aquaculture ponds were assessed. The results showed variation in different water quality parameters. The water temperature ranged from 24.30 to 32.10 o C, pH from 5.60 to 9.35, Transparency from 7.1 to 30.40 cm, Dissolved oxygen from 3.1 to 11.34 mg/l, Alkalinity from 24 to 166 mg/l, Carbon dioxide from 1.11 to 13.74mg/l, Ammonia-nitrogen from 0.29 to 18.65 µg at./l and Phosphatephosphorus from 0.21 to 5.34 µg at. /l. All the parameters were found within the optimum range recommended for fish culture. A total of 3 genera of phytoplankton (Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, and Bacillarophyta) were found dominant groups. The quantitative and qualitative analyses of phytoplankton showed that plankton content was moderate. Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta dominated the phytoplankton biomass. Microcystis spp. was the dominant among the blue green algae whereas, green algae was mainly consisted of Pediastrum, Ulothrix and Cyclotella. The maximum Ulothrix number was recorded in all the selected ponds while Pediastrum contributed to the bulk of green algae in all ponds during the study period.
The present study aimed to evaluate the crowding and handling stress with increased cortisol prod... more The present study aimed to evaluate the crowding and handling stress with increased cortisol production, its effect on growth and ontogeny of humoral immunity in Catla catla. Fishes were stressed at different stocking densities (T 1 , T 2 , T 3 and T 4) in crowding stress and were monitored for various parameters including length, weight, serum cortisol and immunoglobulin. In comparison to low stocking density group T 1 (3000/ m 2), high stocking groups (T 2 , T 3 and T 4) showed reduction in both average length and weight on 6th day onwards up to 40th day. The results of T 4 (18000/m 2) showed drastic reduction up to 12th day and died afterwards. Similarly, in handling stress fishes were stocked in six hapas at equal densities (3000/m 2) with different stress (HS 1 , HS 2 , HS 3 , HS 4 , HS 5 and HS 6) revealed a decrease in average length and weight in comparison to control throughout the study period. Serum cortisol levels were significantly elevated (P<0.05) in higher crowding and handing stress groups. The results of ELISA for crowding stress showed that immunoglobulins were detectable in the spawn from 3 days post hatching (DPH). The immunoglobulin levels decreased till 18 DPH in T 2 , T 3 and T 4 groups, although the levels were significantly higher (P<0.05) in lower stocking density group (T 1). In response to handling, all the stressed groups showed significant decrease (P<0.05) in immunoglobulin production in comparison to control at 18 DPH onwards. A slow recovery was observed on 40th day, although the immunoglobulin levels in stressed groups were remained lesser than the control.
In ornamental fishery, for commercialization and efficient propagation of fish species in demand,... more In ornamental fishery, for commercialization and efficient propagation of fish species in demand, controlling their sex, male or female, plays an important role as it influences reproduction, growth and product quality. In one such common aquarium fish, dwarf gourami, Trichogaster lalius (Hamilton, 1822), males look more attractive and fetch better market price encouraging masculinization of this species. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of anastrozole on masculinization potential in T. lalius. The experiment consisted of two trials, in trial 1; anastrozole was incorporated into feed at 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg and fed to first feeding fry for 50 days. In trial 2, immersion treatment of anastrozole was carried out at different doses of 250, 500, 750 and 1,000 µg/L for 3 h each on 3 rd , 5 th and 8 th day of post-hatching. Oral administration of anastrozole resulted in 90.32% masculinization at 200 ppm and the immersion treatment of anastrozole produced 100% masculinization at 1000 µg/L. Histological sections indicated that the anastrozole treatments suppressed ovarian development, leading to the atretic oocytes. However, the testicular development was unaffected. Testosterone level increased whereas estradiol level decreased with increased dose of the chemical. Cortisol level also showed a significant increase in male with increased doses of anastrozole, indicating stress which in turn helped to synthesize the testosterone. The results show that the immersion treatment of anastrozole is more effective than oral administration in inducing masculinization in T. lalius.
The site characteristics include present land use, vegetation and land topography of the fish pon... more The site characteristics include present land use, vegetation and land topography of the fish ponds were investigated based on visual field observation. Physico-chemical and biological characteristics of water from selected aquaculture ponds were assessed. The results showed variation in different water quality parameters. The water temperature ranged from 24.30 to 32.10 C, pH from 5.60 to 9.35, Transparency from 7.1 to 30.40 cm, Dissolved oxygen from 3.1 to 11.34 mg/l, Alkalinity from 24 to 166 mg/l, Carbon dioxide from 1.11 to 13.74mg/l, Ammonia-nitrogen from 0.29 to 18.65 μg at./l and Phosphatephosphorus from 0.21 to 5.34 μg at. /l. All the parameters were found within the optimum range recommended for fish culture. A total of 3 genera of phytoplankton (Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, and Bacillarophyta) were found dominant groups. The quantitative and qualitative analyses of phytoplankton showed that plankton content was moderate. Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta dominated the phytoplankton ...
The present study enables us to understand the fish species composition, seasonal variation and a... more The present study enables us to understand the fish species composition, seasonal variation and abundance during different months off Malpe coast. The data for the present study was collected from the trawlers operating from Malpe fishing harbour over a period from September-2014 to April-2015. A total 101 species belonging to 47 families and 16 orders were recorded during the study period. Nemipterus japonicus contributed highest landings followed by Trichiurus lepturus, Nemipterus randalli, and Epinephelus diacanthus. The cumulative curve (K-dominance curve) plot showed that density of fish species was high in the month of December 2014 and proved the number of species (Richness) more in the month of December 2014 compared to other months. The Bray-Curtis similarity (hierarchical clustering) from the overall cluster analysis, it was observed that the maximum similarity was observed between the month December 2014 and January 2015. Simper analysis was used to examine the contributi...
In the present investigation, 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) treatment at 50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm (... more In the present investigation, 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) treatment at 50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm (mg/kg feed) to 3-day-old T. lalius, significantly produced highest masculinization than the control. At the highest dose (200 ppm) of MT produced maximum male percentage (85.32%). Indirect feminization also observed through crossing between sex reversal males with ordinary female. The GSI and histological examination showed the appearance of suppressed atretic oocytes. The hormonal profiling clearly revealed that, the MT treatment induced stress and produce the cortisol, which actively involved in the testosterone production and estradiol reduction.
INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION JOURNAL AQUA TROPICS, 2013
The present study was carried out to develop captive brood-stock, induce natural spawning and rea... more The present study was carried out to develop captive brood-stock, induce natural spawning and rear fry of Ompok bimaculatus, with an aim to conserve and propagate its stocks. Adult fish collected from an irrigation tank in Karnataka State were reared to maturity with chopped trash fish. The sex of brooders was identified based on morphological features. The brooders were induced to spawn with a single dose of ovaprim at 0.8-0.9 ml/kg female and 0.4 ml/kg male or ovatide at 0.9-1.0 ml/kg female and 0.3-0.4 ml/ kg male. About 8-12 h after hormone injection, the brooders spawned naturally in spawning tank. The fertilization rates were 82.4-86.5 and 70-84% for ovaprim and ovatide, respectively. The corresponding hatching rates were 71.6-83.5 and 75-85%, with hatching periods varying between 18 and 24 hours. The fully swollen fertilized eggs were round and brownish with a average diameter of 1.05 mm. The egg, embryonic and early larval stages were similar to those reported for other species of butter catfish. The yolk-sac absorption period was 3-4 days. The average length of the newly hatched larva was 2.40 mm. When the fry were fed on Artemia nauplii, egg yolk, Tubifex worms and chicken liver, the maximum growth and survival were obtained with Artemia nauplii although the best SGR was observed when fed with Tubifex worms, followed by chicken liver.
The present study enables us to understand the fish species composition, seasonal variation and a... more The present study enables us to understand the fish species composition, seasonal variation and abundance during different months off Malpe coast. The data for the present study was collected from the trawlers operating from Malpe fishing harbour over a period from September-2014 to April-2015. A total 101 species belonging to 47 families and 16 orders were recorded during the study period. Nemipterus japonicus contributed highest landings followed by Trichiurus lepturus, Nemipterus randalli, and Epinephelus diacanthus. The cumulative curve (K-dominance curve) plot showed that density of fish species was high in the month of December 2014 and proved the number of species (Richness) more in the month of December 2014 compared to other months. The Bray-Curtis similarity (hierarchical clustering) from the overall cluster analysis, it was observed that the maximum similarity was observed between the month December 2014 and January 2015. Simper analysis was used to examine the contribution of each species to average resemblances between sample groups. The average similarity in group post-monsoon and group pre-monsoon was see by doing hierarchical clustering and the results showed that maximum similarity between post-monsoon and pre-monsoon. The stress value, which was overlying on the MDS plot (0.07), showed an excellent ordination of the samples collected. During the study period immediately after the ban period (Monsoon) there was good recruitment to the fishery.
The site characteristics include present land use, vegetation and land topography of the fish pon... more The site characteristics include present land use, vegetation and land topography of the fish ponds were investigated based on visual field observation. Physico-chemical and biological characteristics of water from selected aquaculture ponds were assessed. The results showed variation in different water quality parameters. The water temperature ranged from 24.30 to 32.10 o C, pH from 5.60 to 9.35, Transparency from 7.1 to 30.40 cm, Dissolved oxygen from 3.1 to 11.34 mg/l, Alkalinity from 24 to 166 mg/l, Carbon dioxide from 1.11 to 13.74mg/l, Ammonia-nitrogen from 0.29 to 18.65 µg at./l and Phosphate-phosphorus from 0.21 to 5.34 µg at. /l. All the parameters were found within the optimum range recommended for fish culture. A total of 3 genera of phytoplankton (Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, and Bacillarophyta) were found dominant groups. The quantitative and qualitative analyses of phytoplankton showed that plankton content was moderate. Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta dominated the phytoplankton biomass. Microcystis spp. was the dominant among the blue green algae whereas, green algae was mainly consisted of Pediastrum, Ulothrix and Cyclotella. The maximum Ulothrix number was recorded in all the selected ponds while Pediastrum contributed to the bulk of green algae in all ponds during the study period.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, 2021
Selenium (Se), a fundamental element of nutrigenomic science in fish nutrition, was used to inves... more Selenium (Se), a fundamental element of nutrigenomic science in fish nutrition, was used to investigate its impact on selenoproteome expression and Se regulation in tilapia. Different concentrations (T1 - 0, T2 - 0.5, T3 - 1.0 and T4 - 2.0 mg/kg of feed) of dietary nano-Se were incorporated in the diets of monosex Nile tilapia. A total of 180 tilapia fingerlings with initial weight (15.73 ± 0.05 g) were stocked in 150 L capacity FRP tanks categorized into four diet groups with triplicate each for a feeding trial of 90 days. At the end of first, second and third months of the feeding trial, gill, liver, kidney and muscle tissues were harvested to evaluate the effect on the kinetics of Se bioaccumulation and assimilation as well as immune-regulated selenoprotein transcripts (GPx2, SelJ, SelL, SelK, SelS, SelW and Sepp1a) and their synthesis factors (SPS1 and Scly). The findings depicted that significantly (p < 0.05) higher weight gain was found in the diet supplemented with 1.0 mg/kg of nano-Se. The theory of second-order polynomial regression supported the same. The liver showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher Se accumulation and concentration factor among the harvested tissues in a different timeline. All the selected immune-regulated selenoproteins and synthesis factors in different fish tissues showed significantly (p < 0.05) up-regulation in the diet supplemented with 1.0 mg/kg of nano-Se for the second month. Therefore, the present findings suggested that the supplementation of nano-Se could be more effective for improved growth, better selenium regulation and expression of immune-regulated selenoproteins in the fish model.
The site characteristics include present land use, vegetation and land topography of the fish pon... more The site characteristics include present land use, vegetation and land topography of the fish ponds were investigated based on visual field observation. Physico-chemical and biological characteristics of water from selected aquaculture ponds were assessed. The results showed variation in different water quality parameters. The water temperature ranged from 24.30 to 32.10 o C, pH from 5.60 to 9.35, Transparency from 7.1 to 30.40 cm, Dissolved oxygen from 3.1 to 11.34 mg/l, Alkalinity from 24 to 166 mg/l, Carbon dioxide from 1.11 to 13.74mg/l, Ammonia-nitrogen from 0.29 to 18.65 µg at./l and Phosphatephosphorus from 0.21 to 5.34 µg at. /l. All the parameters were found within the optimum range recommended for fish culture. A total of 3 genera of phytoplankton (Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, and Bacillarophyta) were found dominant groups. The quantitative and qualitative analyses of phytoplankton showed that plankton content was moderate. Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta dominated the phytoplankton biomass. Microcystis spp. was the dominant among the blue green algae whereas, green algae was mainly consisted of Pediastrum, Ulothrix and Cyclotella. The maximum Ulothrix number was recorded in all the selected ponds while Pediastrum contributed to the bulk of green algae in all ponds during the study period.
The present study aimed to evaluate the crowding and handling stress with increased cortisol prod... more The present study aimed to evaluate the crowding and handling stress with increased cortisol production, its effect on growth and ontogeny of humoral immunity in Catla catla. Fishes were stressed at different stocking densities (T 1 , T 2 , T 3 and T 4) in crowding stress and were monitored for various parameters including length, weight, serum cortisol and immunoglobulin. In comparison to low stocking density group T 1 (3000/ m 2), high stocking groups (T 2 , T 3 and T 4) showed reduction in both average length and weight on 6th day onwards up to 40th day. The results of T 4 (18000/m 2) showed drastic reduction up to 12th day and died afterwards. Similarly, in handling stress fishes were stocked in six hapas at equal densities (3000/m 2) with different stress (HS 1 , HS 2 , HS 3 , HS 4 , HS 5 and HS 6) revealed a decrease in average length and weight in comparison to control throughout the study period. Serum cortisol levels were significantly elevated (P<0.05) in higher crowding and handing stress groups. The results of ELISA for crowding stress showed that immunoglobulins were detectable in the spawn from 3 days post hatching (DPH). The immunoglobulin levels decreased till 18 DPH in T 2 , T 3 and T 4 groups, although the levels were significantly higher (P<0.05) in lower stocking density group (T 1). In response to handling, all the stressed groups showed significant decrease (P<0.05) in immunoglobulin production in comparison to control at 18 DPH onwards. A slow recovery was observed on 40th day, although the immunoglobulin levels in stressed groups were remained lesser than the control.
In ornamental fishery, for commercialization and efficient propagation of fish species in demand,... more In ornamental fishery, for commercialization and efficient propagation of fish species in demand, controlling their sex, male or female, plays an important role as it influences reproduction, growth and product quality. In one such common aquarium fish, dwarf gourami, Trichogaster lalius (Hamilton, 1822), males look more attractive and fetch better market price encouraging masculinization of this species. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of anastrozole on masculinization potential in T. lalius. The experiment consisted of two trials, in trial 1; anastrozole was incorporated into feed at 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg and fed to first feeding fry for 50 days. In trial 2, immersion treatment of anastrozole was carried out at different doses of 250, 500, 750 and 1,000 µg/L for 3 h each on 3 rd , 5 th and 8 th day of post-hatching. Oral administration of anastrozole resulted in 90.32% masculinization at 200 ppm and the immersion treatment of anastrozole produced 100% masculinization at 1000 µg/L. Histological sections indicated that the anastrozole treatments suppressed ovarian development, leading to the atretic oocytes. However, the testicular development was unaffected. Testosterone level increased whereas estradiol level decreased with increased dose of the chemical. Cortisol level also showed a significant increase in male with increased doses of anastrozole, indicating stress which in turn helped to synthesize the testosterone. The results show that the immersion treatment of anastrozole is more effective than oral administration in inducing masculinization in T. lalius.
The site characteristics include present land use, vegetation and land topography of the fish pon... more The site characteristics include present land use, vegetation and land topography of the fish ponds were investigated based on visual field observation. Physico-chemical and biological characteristics of water from selected aquaculture ponds were assessed. The results showed variation in different water quality parameters. The water temperature ranged from 24.30 to 32.10 C, pH from 5.60 to 9.35, Transparency from 7.1 to 30.40 cm, Dissolved oxygen from 3.1 to 11.34 mg/l, Alkalinity from 24 to 166 mg/l, Carbon dioxide from 1.11 to 13.74mg/l, Ammonia-nitrogen from 0.29 to 18.65 μg at./l and Phosphatephosphorus from 0.21 to 5.34 μg at. /l. All the parameters were found within the optimum range recommended for fish culture. A total of 3 genera of phytoplankton (Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, and Bacillarophyta) were found dominant groups. The quantitative and qualitative analyses of phytoplankton showed that plankton content was moderate. Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta dominated the phytoplankton ...
The present study enables us to understand the fish species composition, seasonal variation and a... more The present study enables us to understand the fish species composition, seasonal variation and abundance during different months off Malpe coast. The data for the present study was collected from the trawlers operating from Malpe fishing harbour over a period from September-2014 to April-2015. A total 101 species belonging to 47 families and 16 orders were recorded during the study period. Nemipterus japonicus contributed highest landings followed by Trichiurus lepturus, Nemipterus randalli, and Epinephelus diacanthus. The cumulative curve (K-dominance curve) plot showed that density of fish species was high in the month of December 2014 and proved the number of species (Richness) more in the month of December 2014 compared to other months. The Bray-Curtis similarity (hierarchical clustering) from the overall cluster analysis, it was observed that the maximum similarity was observed between the month December 2014 and January 2015. Simper analysis was used to examine the contributi...
In the present investigation, 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) treatment at 50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm (... more In the present investigation, 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) treatment at 50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm (mg/kg feed) to 3-day-old T. lalius, significantly produced highest masculinization than the control. At the highest dose (200 ppm) of MT produced maximum male percentage (85.32%). Indirect feminization also observed through crossing between sex reversal males with ordinary female. The GSI and histological examination showed the appearance of suppressed atretic oocytes. The hormonal profiling clearly revealed that, the MT treatment induced stress and produce the cortisol, which actively involved in the testosterone production and estradiol reduction.
INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION JOURNAL AQUA TROPICS, 2013
The present study was carried out to develop captive brood-stock, induce natural spawning and rea... more The present study was carried out to develop captive brood-stock, induce natural spawning and rear fry of Ompok bimaculatus, with an aim to conserve and propagate its stocks. Adult fish collected from an irrigation tank in Karnataka State were reared to maturity with chopped trash fish. The sex of brooders was identified based on morphological features. The brooders were induced to spawn with a single dose of ovaprim at 0.8-0.9 ml/kg female and 0.4 ml/kg male or ovatide at 0.9-1.0 ml/kg female and 0.3-0.4 ml/ kg male. About 8-12 h after hormone injection, the brooders spawned naturally in spawning tank. The fertilization rates were 82.4-86.5 and 70-84% for ovaprim and ovatide, respectively. The corresponding hatching rates were 71.6-83.5 and 75-85%, with hatching periods varying between 18 and 24 hours. The fully swollen fertilized eggs were round and brownish with a average diameter of 1.05 mm. The egg, embryonic and early larval stages were similar to those reported for other species of butter catfish. The yolk-sac absorption period was 3-4 days. The average length of the newly hatched larva was 2.40 mm. When the fry were fed on Artemia nauplii, egg yolk, Tubifex worms and chicken liver, the maximum growth and survival were obtained with Artemia nauplii although the best SGR was observed when fed with Tubifex worms, followed by chicken liver.
The present study enables us to understand the fish species composition, seasonal variation and a... more The present study enables us to understand the fish species composition, seasonal variation and abundance during different months off Malpe coast. The data for the present study was collected from the trawlers operating from Malpe fishing harbour over a period from September-2014 to April-2015. A total 101 species belonging to 47 families and 16 orders were recorded during the study period. Nemipterus japonicus contributed highest landings followed by Trichiurus lepturus, Nemipterus randalli, and Epinephelus diacanthus. The cumulative curve (K-dominance curve) plot showed that density of fish species was high in the month of December 2014 and proved the number of species (Richness) more in the month of December 2014 compared to other months. The Bray-Curtis similarity (hierarchical clustering) from the overall cluster analysis, it was observed that the maximum similarity was observed between the month December 2014 and January 2015. Simper analysis was used to examine the contribution of each species to average resemblances between sample groups. The average similarity in group post-monsoon and group pre-monsoon was see by doing hierarchical clustering and the results showed that maximum similarity between post-monsoon and pre-monsoon. The stress value, which was overlying on the MDS plot (0.07), showed an excellent ordination of the samples collected. During the study period immediately after the ban period (Monsoon) there was good recruitment to the fishery.
The site characteristics include present land use, vegetation and land topography of the fish pon... more The site characteristics include present land use, vegetation and land topography of the fish ponds were investigated based on visual field observation. Physico-chemical and biological characteristics of water from selected aquaculture ponds were assessed. The results showed variation in different water quality parameters. The water temperature ranged from 24.30 to 32.10 o C, pH from 5.60 to 9.35, Transparency from 7.1 to 30.40 cm, Dissolved oxygen from 3.1 to 11.34 mg/l, Alkalinity from 24 to 166 mg/l, Carbon dioxide from 1.11 to 13.74mg/l, Ammonia-nitrogen from 0.29 to 18.65 µg at./l and Phosphate-phosphorus from 0.21 to 5.34 µg at. /l. All the parameters were found within the optimum range recommended for fish culture. A total of 3 genera of phytoplankton (Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, and Bacillarophyta) were found dominant groups. The quantitative and qualitative analyses of phytoplankton showed that plankton content was moderate. Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta dominated the phytoplankton biomass. Microcystis spp. was the dominant among the blue green algae whereas, green algae was mainly consisted of Pediastrum, Ulothrix and Cyclotella. The maximum Ulothrix number was recorded in all the selected ponds while Pediastrum contributed to the bulk of green algae in all ponds during the study period.
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