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Detection of the Incoming Sound Direction Employing MEMS Microphones and the DSP

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Multimedia Communications, Services and Security (MCSS 2017)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 785))

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Abstract

A 3D acoustic vector sensor based on MEMS microphones and its application to road traffic monitoring is presented in the paper. The sensor is constructed from three pairs of digital MEMS microphones, mounted on the orthogonal axes. Signals obtained from the microphones are used to compute sound intensity vectors in each direction. With this data, it is possible to compute the horizontal and vertical angle of an incoming sound. The algorithm was implemented on a low-cost, fixed point TMS320C5535 digital signal processor. The microphone signals are acquired via I2S buses, then the algorithm computes the acoustic pressure, particle velocity and sound intensity components, which are then used to calculate the azimuth and elevation of a sound source. The detection results are exposed via the USB interface. The intensity values are computed in overlapping frames in order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. In the experimental setup, readouts with a frequency of c.a. 70 Hz, frequency range up to c.a. 9 kHz and the angular resolution of 1 degree, were obtained. Validation of the sensor was performed in an anechoic chamber using a test source with known direction. A comparison of the tested system with a commercial sound intensity probe was also made. Additionally, some preliminary tests in real world conditions were also performed. The obtained results prove that the proposed sensor and the algorithm provide high accuracy of detection of the incoming sound direction, comparable to a commercial device. Therefore, the sensor and the DSP algorithm form a low-cost system that may be used e.g. for acoustic monitoring of traffic.

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Acknowledgments

This paper is dedicated to the memory of Mr. Wiesław Moskwa who inspired the idea of the AVS described here.

Project co-financed by the Polish National Centre for Research and Development (NCBR) from the European Regional Development Fund under the Operational Programme Innovative Economy No. POIR.04.01.04-00-0089/16 entitled: INZNAK – “Intelligent road signs”. The authors also wish to thank Janusz Cichowski for his participation in constructing the sensor.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Multimedia Systems, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland

    Grzegorz Szwoch & Józef Kotus

Authors
  1. Grzegorz Szwoch
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  2. Józef Kotus
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Correspondence to Grzegorz Szwoch .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland

    Andrzej Dziech

  2. Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland

    Andrzej Czyżewski

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Szwoch, G., Kotus, J. (2017). Detection of the Incoming Sound Direction Employing MEMS Microphones and the DSP. In: Dziech, A., Czyżewski, A. (eds) Multimedia Communications, Services and Security. MCSS 2017. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 785. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69911-0_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69911-0_15

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-69910-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-69911-0

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