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Measurement-device-independent multi-party quantum secure direct communication

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Abstract

As one of the most important branches of quantum information science, quantum communication is known for its unconditional security and efficiency. Nevertheless, the practical security of quantum key distribution protocols and quantum secure direct communication protocols is challenged due to the imperfections in experimental devices. Despite significant progress in theoretical and experimental research on the MDI-QSDC Protocol, challenges and unresolved issues remain. For example, further enhancing the scalability and system complexity of the protocol to meet the demands of large-scale quantum networks is necessary. In this paper, we propose a multi-party MDI-QSDC scheme based on multi-degree-of-freedom hyperentangled photons. Compared to the original MDI-QSDC protocol, our protocol allows multiple parties to participate in the information transmission process. For example, for four communicating parties, we can encode the information of three independent degrees of freedom so that each photon of each degree of freedom can transmit 2 bits of information. Moreover, all measurement tasks are performed by the fifth party, which can be untrusted or even completely controlled by eavesdroppers. The protocol is resistant to all possible attacks from imperfect measurement devices. It can eventually be extended to arbitrary degrees of freedom, allowing multiple parties to participate.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 62172268 and Shanghai Science and Technology Project under Grant No. 21JC1402800 and 20040501500.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China, 62172268, Ri-Gui Zhou, Shanghai Science and Technology Project, 21JC1402800, Ri-Gui Zhou, 20040501500, Ri-Gui Zhou.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, 201306, China

    Ran Guo, Ri-Gui Zhou & Xiao-Xue Zhang

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  1. Ran Guo
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Correspondence to Ri-Gui Zhou.

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Guo, R., Zhou, RG. & Zhang, XX. Measurement-device-independent multi-party quantum secure direct communication. Quantum Inf Process 23, 304 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-024-04505-8

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