Patriot missiles were returned to the Gulf last week. But they were not the reason for the unexpectedly low casualty rate when Saddam attacked Israel with Scud missiles in 1991.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 51 print issues and online access
196,21 € per year
only 3,85 € per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on SpringerLink
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
References
Stein, R. Int. Security 17, 200 (1992).
Zraket, C. Defense News 31 (9 December 1991).
Pfaltzgraff, R. L. Jr Wall Street J. A20 (8 April 1992).
Detroit News 8 (13 April 1992).
Boot, M. Christian Sci. Monitor 9 (23 September 1992).
Postol, T. A. Int. Security 16, 119–171 (1991–92).
Schmidt, E. New York Times (Int. edn) A8 (31 October 1991).
Schmidt, E. New York Times All (8 April 1992).
US General Accounting Office Operation Desert Storm: Data Does Not Exist to Conclusively Say How Well Patriot Performed (GAO/NSIAD-92–340, September 1992).
Lewis, G. N. & Postol, T. A. An Evaluation of the Army Report “Analysis of Video Tapes to Assess Patriot Effectiveness” (MIT Defense and Arms Control Studies Program, September 1992).
Kaplan, F. Boston Globe 1 (5 May 1991).
Bleich, A. et al. J. Am. med. Ass. 268, 613–615 (1992).
Karsenty, E. et al. Israeli J. med. Sci. 27, 603–607 (1991).
Lewis, G. N., Fetter, S. & Gronlund, L. Casualties and Damage from Scud Attacks in the 1991 Gulf War (MIT Technology, Defense and Arms Control Studies, January 1993).
Dunn, C. L. The Emergency Medical Services 1, 174;179 (HMSO, London, 1952).
US Strategic Bombing Survey, Physical Damage Division V-Weapons in London Report No. 152 (January 1947).
Carus, W. S. & Bermudez, J. S. Jr Jane's Soviet Intelligence Review 2, 242–248 (1990).
Bierman, J. Maclean's 34–36 (18 April 1988).
Zaloga, S. Int. Defense Rev. 11, 1427 (1988).
Rudge, D. Jerusalem Post 8 (22 February 1991).
Brinkley, J. New York Times 1 (20 January 1991).
Flight Int. 13 (13–19 March 1991).
Chartrand, S. New York Times A7 (19 January 1991).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fetter, S., Lewis, G. & Gronlund, L. Why were Scud casualties so low?. Nature 361, 293–296 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1038/361293a0
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/361293a0