For many centuries Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) a native plant of Northeastern India, and Sou... more For many centuries Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) a native plant of Northeastern India, and Southeast Asia has been used for its nutraceutical properties. The phytochemicals constituents include carbohydrates, proteins, polysaccharides, vitamin C, polyphenols, that exhibit innumerable biological properties. It is essential to review the immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and phytomedicinal potential with the aim to provide a comprehensive information for future development of longan as an essential nutraceutical. Longan is in great demand as various food products viz dried pulp, frozen, fresh, and processed as jam, drinks, wine and canned fruit. The key biological activities of longan pericarp are tyrosinase inhibitory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-glycated, anti-cancer, memory-increasing impact, and other parameters that have a significant contribution to human health.
Plant mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) holds promising applications in th... more Plant mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) holds promising applications in the field of Biomedicine, Food packaging and Wound healing. In the present investigation, biofabrication of AgNPs was performed using the aqueous extracts of Campsis sp. (Family Bignoniaceae) leaves and flowers growing in the premises of Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi. Optimization of AgNPs was performed to analyse the varying effect of pH (6.0, 8.0, 10.0) and silver salt concentration (2 mM, 4 Mm and 6 Mm) in controlling the shape and size of AgNPs which in turn governs their further applications. Interestingly, change in colour of the reaction mixture from pale yellow to reddish brown indicated the formation of AgNPs. These AgNPs were further characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy and showed peak in the range of 400-450 nm which confirmed the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Dynamic light scattering and zeta potential analysis (DLS-Zeta) confirmed the size of AgNPs around 200-300 nm. A significant zone of inhibition was observed for both Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (gram-negative) bacterial strains which revealed the antimicrobial potential of Campsis sp. AgNPs. Therefore, Campsis AgNPs may provide a green, eco-sustainable alternate method for sustainable production of nanomaterials for biomedical applications. These AgNPs may also show tremendous applications in food packaging, wound healing and biomedical fields.
Artificial photosynthesis system (APS) uses biomimetic systems to duplicate the process of natura... more Artificial photosynthesis system (APS) uses biomimetic systems to duplicate the process of natural photosynthesis that utilizes copious resources of water, carbon dioxide and sunlight to produce oxygen and energy-rich compounds and has potential to be an alternative source of renewable energy. APS like natural photosynthesis includes the splitting of water into oxygen and hydrogen, and the reduction of carbon dioxide into various hydrocarbons such as formic acid (HCOOH), methane (CH4) and carbon monoxide (CO), or even pure hydrogen fuel. These processes are accomplished by a handful of device designs, including photoelectrochemical cells or photovoltaic-coupled electrolyzers which are driven by energy extracted from sunlight photons as well as suitable catalysts. Researchers are trying to combine advantageous components from both natural photosynthesis and artificial photosynthesis to create a semi-artificial photosynthesis system, involving the incorporation of enzymes or even whol...
Crop wild relatives (CWRs), landraces and exotic germplasm are important sources of genetic varia... more Crop wild relatives (CWRs), landraces and exotic germplasm are important sources of genetic variability, alien alleles, and useful crop traits that can help mitigate a plethora of abiotic and biotic stresses and crop yield reduction arising due to global climatic changes. In the pulse crop genus Lens, the cultivated varieties have a narrow genetic base due to recurrent selections, genetic bottleneck and linkage drag. The collection and characterization of wild Lens germplasm resources have offered new avenues for the genetic improvement and development of stress-tolerant, climate-resilient lentil varieties with sustainable yield gains to meet future food and nutritional requirements. Most of the lentil breeding traits such as high-yield, adaptation to abiotic stresses and resistance to diseases are quantitative and require the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for marker assisted selection and breeding. Advances in genetic diversity studies, genome mapping and advance...
International Journal of Current Science Research and Review
Food preservatives are unswervingly being used for prolonging the shelf life of food, often to in... more Food preservatives are unswervingly being used for prolonging the shelf life of food, often to increase the aroma, taste and quality by food packaging industry. These food preservatives are pivotal in protecting food from degradation and deterioration by micro-organisms. Two of the most commonly used food preservatives, viz. sodium nitrite (NaNO2) and Monosodium glutamate (MSG) have been evaluated using root tips of Allium cepa. Cytological studies in plants offer a first-tier bioassay that are sensitive and reliable. Allium cepa is used as an experimental model as it shows chromosomal aberrations and other morphological abnormalities as that of the mammalian systems. Dose and time dependent evaluation of the mitotic damage was done on the root tips of onion (Allium cepa). Mitotic Index (MI) was calculated based on the cytological observation post-treatment with their respected controls. Chromosomal abnormalities like chromosomal bridge and laggard, multipolarity and stickiness in t...
A procedure forin vitro multiplication ofSaussurea lappa (Asteraceae) is described. On Murashige ... more A procedure forin vitro multiplication ofSaussurea lappa (Asteraceae) is described. On Murashige and Skoog's medium (MS) containing benzylaminopurine and gibberellin 3.5-fold shoot multiplication occurred every three weeks. Shoots rooted on MS containing 0.5 μM naphthaleneacetic acid with 90% efficiency. The shoot cultures stored at 5°C in the dark for 12 months without an intervening subculture survived with 100% viability. The shoots cold stored for 6 months or more showed higher rates of multiplication under culture room conditions than the untreated shoots.
Introduction. Table 1. Number of papers published during the period covered by this volume. Table... more Introduction. Table 1. Number of papers published during the period covered by this volume. Table 2. List of periodicals surveyed. 1. General Techniques and Media. 2. Cell Culture. Single cell and Suspension culture. 3. Callus Culture. Growth and Rhizogenesis. 4. Cytology and Cytogenetics. Ultrastructure, Cell cycle, Nuclear cytology, and Effect of chromosomal changes and genotype on growth and differentiation. 5. Cytodifferentiation. Xylem, Phloem, and Laticifers. 6. Regeneration. Shoot bud differentiation from somatic tissues and calli. 7. Somatic Embryogenesis. Embryo differentiation from cells, tissues and vegetative organs. 8. Anther and Pollen Culture. Induction and applications of androgenesis. 9. Endosperm Culture. Callus formation and organogenesis. 10. Flower, Ovary and Ovule Culture. Seed and fruit development, In ovulo embryo culture, and Parthenogenesis. 11. In Vitro Pollination. Stigmatic, Placental and Ovule pollination. 12. Embryo Culture. Ex ovulo culture of normal embryo, Hybrid embryo and Haploid embryo following distant hybridization. 13. Protoplast Isolation and Culture. 14. Somatic Hybridization and Cybridization. 15. Genetic Engineering. 16. Variant/Mutant Selection. Selection and characterisation of spontaneous and induced variants/mutants. 17. Production of Pathogen-free Plants. Shoot tip culture, and Eradication of viroids, viruses, mycoplasma, bacteria and fungi. 18. Micropropagation. 19. Germplasm Storage. Low temperature storage of shoot cultures, and cryopreservation of protoplasts, cells, tissues, shoot tips and embryos. 20. Production of Industrial Compounds. Natural plant constituents, and Biotransformation of externally supplied compounds. 21. Morphogenesis. Seedling development, Haustoria differentiation in parasitic angiosperms, and Floral differentiation. 22. Plant Pathology and Microbiology. Interaction of plant tissues with viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae and nematodes, and Crown gall and other pathological tissues. 23. Root Culture. 24. Physiology and Biochemistry. Cell metabolism, Photosynthesis, and Flowering. 25. Specific Crops. Reviews on tissue culture of specific crops or a group of crop plants. 26. General Articles. 27. Books. Index to Plant Names.
Water is one of the most important constituents of life. Chemically, water is the hydride of oxyg... more Water is one of the most important constituents of life. Chemically, water is the hydride of oxygen. Oxygen, being more electronegative, exerts a strong attractive pull on its electrons. This unequal attraction results in small positive charge on two hydrogen molecules and a small negative charge on the oxygen molecule. The two lone pairs of electrons of the oxygen molecule result in bending of water molecule. The partial charges on oxygen and hydrogen molecules result in high electric dipole moment and polarity of water molecule. The distinct physical and chemical properties of water, namely, cohesion, surface tension, high specific heat, high heat of vaporization, lower density of ice, and solubility, are due to hydrogen bonding between water molecules (Fig. 1.1). Water forms solution with large number of compounds. It is thus usually referred as a universal solvent. The solvent action of water is of tremendous importance for the cells. All cells require water, dissolved ions, and...
For many centuries Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) a native plant of Northeastern India, and Sou... more For many centuries Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) a native plant of Northeastern India, and Southeast Asia has been used for its nutraceutical properties. The phytochemicals constituents include carbohydrates, proteins, polysaccharides, vitamin C, polyphenols, that exhibit innumerable biological properties. It is essential to review the immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and phytomedicinal potential with the aim to provide a comprehensive information for future development of longan as an essential nutraceutical. Longan is in great demand as various food products viz dried pulp, frozen, fresh, and processed as jam, drinks, wine and canned fruit. The key biological activities of longan pericarp are tyrosinase inhibitory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-glycated, anti-cancer, memory-increasing impact, and other parameters that have a significant contribution to human health.
Plant mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) holds promising applications in th... more Plant mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) holds promising applications in the field of Biomedicine, Food packaging and Wound healing. In the present investigation, biofabrication of AgNPs was performed using the aqueous extracts of Campsis sp. (Family Bignoniaceae) leaves and flowers growing in the premises of Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi. Optimization of AgNPs was performed to analyse the varying effect of pH (6.0, 8.0, 10.0) and silver salt concentration (2 mM, 4 Mm and 6 Mm) in controlling the shape and size of AgNPs which in turn governs their further applications. Interestingly, change in colour of the reaction mixture from pale yellow to reddish brown indicated the formation of AgNPs. These AgNPs were further characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy and showed peak in the range of 400-450 nm which confirmed the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Dynamic light scattering and zeta potential analysis (DLS-Zeta) confirmed the size of AgNPs around 200-300 nm. A significant zone of inhibition was observed for both Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (gram-negative) bacterial strains which revealed the antimicrobial potential of Campsis sp. AgNPs. Therefore, Campsis AgNPs may provide a green, eco-sustainable alternate method for sustainable production of nanomaterials for biomedical applications. These AgNPs may also show tremendous applications in food packaging, wound healing and biomedical fields.
Artificial photosynthesis system (APS) uses biomimetic systems to duplicate the process of natura... more Artificial photosynthesis system (APS) uses biomimetic systems to duplicate the process of natural photosynthesis that utilizes copious resources of water, carbon dioxide and sunlight to produce oxygen and energy-rich compounds and has potential to be an alternative source of renewable energy. APS like natural photosynthesis includes the splitting of water into oxygen and hydrogen, and the reduction of carbon dioxide into various hydrocarbons such as formic acid (HCOOH), methane (CH4) and carbon monoxide (CO), or even pure hydrogen fuel. These processes are accomplished by a handful of device designs, including photoelectrochemical cells or photovoltaic-coupled electrolyzers which are driven by energy extracted from sunlight photons as well as suitable catalysts. Researchers are trying to combine advantageous components from both natural photosynthesis and artificial photosynthesis to create a semi-artificial photosynthesis system, involving the incorporation of enzymes or even whol...
Crop wild relatives (CWRs), landraces and exotic germplasm are important sources of genetic varia... more Crop wild relatives (CWRs), landraces and exotic germplasm are important sources of genetic variability, alien alleles, and useful crop traits that can help mitigate a plethora of abiotic and biotic stresses and crop yield reduction arising due to global climatic changes. In the pulse crop genus Lens, the cultivated varieties have a narrow genetic base due to recurrent selections, genetic bottleneck and linkage drag. The collection and characterization of wild Lens germplasm resources have offered new avenues for the genetic improvement and development of stress-tolerant, climate-resilient lentil varieties with sustainable yield gains to meet future food and nutritional requirements. Most of the lentil breeding traits such as high-yield, adaptation to abiotic stresses and resistance to diseases are quantitative and require the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for marker assisted selection and breeding. Advances in genetic diversity studies, genome mapping and advance...
International Journal of Current Science Research and Review
Food preservatives are unswervingly being used for prolonging the shelf life of food, often to in... more Food preservatives are unswervingly being used for prolonging the shelf life of food, often to increase the aroma, taste and quality by food packaging industry. These food preservatives are pivotal in protecting food from degradation and deterioration by micro-organisms. Two of the most commonly used food preservatives, viz. sodium nitrite (NaNO2) and Monosodium glutamate (MSG) have been evaluated using root tips of Allium cepa. Cytological studies in plants offer a first-tier bioassay that are sensitive and reliable. Allium cepa is used as an experimental model as it shows chromosomal aberrations and other morphological abnormalities as that of the mammalian systems. Dose and time dependent evaluation of the mitotic damage was done on the root tips of onion (Allium cepa). Mitotic Index (MI) was calculated based on the cytological observation post-treatment with their respected controls. Chromosomal abnormalities like chromosomal bridge and laggard, multipolarity and stickiness in t...
A procedure forin vitro multiplication ofSaussurea lappa (Asteraceae) is described. On Murashige ... more A procedure forin vitro multiplication ofSaussurea lappa (Asteraceae) is described. On Murashige and Skoog's medium (MS) containing benzylaminopurine and gibberellin 3.5-fold shoot multiplication occurred every three weeks. Shoots rooted on MS containing 0.5 μM naphthaleneacetic acid with 90% efficiency. The shoot cultures stored at 5°C in the dark for 12 months without an intervening subculture survived with 100% viability. The shoots cold stored for 6 months or more showed higher rates of multiplication under culture room conditions than the untreated shoots.
Introduction. Table 1. Number of papers published during the period covered by this volume. Table... more Introduction. Table 1. Number of papers published during the period covered by this volume. Table 2. List of periodicals surveyed. 1. General Techniques and Media. 2. Cell Culture. Single cell and Suspension culture. 3. Callus Culture. Growth and Rhizogenesis. 4. Cytology and Cytogenetics. Ultrastructure, Cell cycle, Nuclear cytology, and Effect of chromosomal changes and genotype on growth and differentiation. 5. Cytodifferentiation. Xylem, Phloem, and Laticifers. 6. Regeneration. Shoot bud differentiation from somatic tissues and calli. 7. Somatic Embryogenesis. Embryo differentiation from cells, tissues and vegetative organs. 8. Anther and Pollen Culture. Induction and applications of androgenesis. 9. Endosperm Culture. Callus formation and organogenesis. 10. Flower, Ovary and Ovule Culture. Seed and fruit development, In ovulo embryo culture, and Parthenogenesis. 11. In Vitro Pollination. Stigmatic, Placental and Ovule pollination. 12. Embryo Culture. Ex ovulo culture of normal embryo, Hybrid embryo and Haploid embryo following distant hybridization. 13. Protoplast Isolation and Culture. 14. Somatic Hybridization and Cybridization. 15. Genetic Engineering. 16. Variant/Mutant Selection. Selection and characterisation of spontaneous and induced variants/mutants. 17. Production of Pathogen-free Plants. Shoot tip culture, and Eradication of viroids, viruses, mycoplasma, bacteria and fungi. 18. Micropropagation. 19. Germplasm Storage. Low temperature storage of shoot cultures, and cryopreservation of protoplasts, cells, tissues, shoot tips and embryos. 20. Production of Industrial Compounds. Natural plant constituents, and Biotransformation of externally supplied compounds. 21. Morphogenesis. Seedling development, Haustoria differentiation in parasitic angiosperms, and Floral differentiation. 22. Plant Pathology and Microbiology. Interaction of plant tissues with viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae and nematodes, and Crown gall and other pathological tissues. 23. Root Culture. 24. Physiology and Biochemistry. Cell metabolism, Photosynthesis, and Flowering. 25. Specific Crops. Reviews on tissue culture of specific crops or a group of crop plants. 26. General Articles. 27. Books. Index to Plant Names.
Water is one of the most important constituents of life. Chemically, water is the hydride of oxyg... more Water is one of the most important constituents of life. Chemically, water is the hydride of oxygen. Oxygen, being more electronegative, exerts a strong attractive pull on its electrons. This unequal attraction results in small positive charge on two hydrogen molecules and a small negative charge on the oxygen molecule. The two lone pairs of electrons of the oxygen molecule result in bending of water molecule. The partial charges on oxygen and hydrogen molecules result in high electric dipole moment and polarity of water molecule. The distinct physical and chemical properties of water, namely, cohesion, surface tension, high specific heat, high heat of vaporization, lower density of ice, and solubility, are due to hydrogen bonding between water molecules (Fig. 1.1). Water forms solution with large number of compounds. It is thus usually referred as a universal solvent. The solvent action of water is of tremendous importance for the cells. All cells require water, dissolved ions, and...
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