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The '''Anton blood group antigen''' is a [[cell surface receptor]] found on some human [[red blood cells]]. It has been observed to play a role in ''[[Haemophilus influenzae]]'' infections. Studies showed that bacterium can adhere to this receptor and cause human red blood cells to [[Agglutination (biology)|agglutinate]].
In 1985 this antigen was found to be the same as another called Wj so it is usually referred as AnWj,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Poole |first=Joyce |last2=Giles |first2=Carolyn |date=1985-09-10 |title=Anton and Wj, are they related? |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1537-2995.1985.tb01390.x |journal=Transfusion |language=en |volume=25 |issue=5 |pages=443–443 |doi=10.1111/j.1537-2995.1985.tb01390.x |issn=0041-1132}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Marsh |first=W. Laurence |last2=Johnson |first2=C.L. |date=1985-09-10 |title=Possible identity of Wj and Anton antigens |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1537-2995.1985.tb01391.x |journal=Transfusion |language=en |volume=25 |issue=5 |pages=443–444 |doi=10.1111/j.1537-2995.1985.tb01391.x |issn=0041-1132}}</ref> in 1991 a study of a family showed that the phenotype indeed had an inherited character independent of other [[human blood group systems]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Poole |first=J. |last2=Levene |first2=C. |last3=Bennett |first3=M. |last4=Sela |first4=R. |last5=van Alphen |first5=L. |last6=Spruellŝ |first6=P. J. |date=December 1991 |title=A family showing inheritance of the Anton blood group antigen An Wj and independence of An Wj from Lutheran |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-3148.1991.tb00040.x |journal=Transfusion Medicine |language=en |volume=1 |issue=4 |pages=245–251 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-3148.1991.tb00040.x |issn=0958-7578}}</ref> and in 2024 it was found that the inherited AnWj-negative blood group phenotype is caused by homozygosity for a deletion in the [[MAL (gene)|MAL]] gene that encodes the expression of the Myelin and lymphocyte (MAL) protein.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tilley |first=Louise A |last2=Karamatic Crew |first2=Vanja |last3=Mankelow |first3=Tosti J |last4=AlSubhi |first4=Samah A |last5=Jones |first5=Benjamin |last6=Borowski |first6=Abigail |last7=Yahalom |first7=Vered |last8=Finkel |first8=Lilach |last9=Singleton |first9=Belinda K |last10=Walser |first10=Piers J |last11=Toye |first11=Ashley Mark |last12=Satchwell |first12=Timothy J |last13=Thornton |first13=Nicole M |date=2024-08-16 |title=Deletions in the MAL gene result in loss of Mal protein, defining the rare inherited AnWj-negative blood group phenotype |url=https://ashpublications.org/blood/article/doi/10.1182/blood.2024025099/517404/Deletions-in-the-MAL-gene-result-in-loss-of-Mal |journal=Blood Journal |language=en |doi=10.1182/blood.2024025099 |issn=0006-4971}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bristol |first=University of |title=September: blood-group {{!}} News and features {{!}} University of Bristol |url=https://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2024/september/blood-group.html |access-date=2024-09-21 |website=www.bristol.ac.uk |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=NHS scientists find new blood group solving 50-year mystery |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cgmgg493ek8o |access-date=2024-09-21 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en-GB}}</ref>
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==References==
{{reflist}}
*{{cite journal |author1=Alphen Loek |author2=Poole Joyce |author3=Overbeeke Marijke | year = 1986| title = The Anton blood group antigen is the erythrocyte receptor for ''Haemophilus influenzae'' | journal = FEMS Microbiology Letters | volume = 37 | issue = 1| pages = 69–71| doi = 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1986.tb01768.x | doi-access = free }}
[[Category:Transmembrane receptors]]
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