Artemis program: Difference between revisions

A proposal curated by [[William H. Gerstenmaier]] before his 10 July 2019 reassignment<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/07/11/shakeup-nasa-space-agency-scrambles-meet-trump-moon-mandate/?noredirect=on |title=Shakeup at NASA as space agency scrambles to meet Trump moon mandate |last=Davenport |first=Christion |date=10 July 2019 |publisher=[[Washington Post]] |access-date=10 July 2019 |quote=}}</ref> suggests four launches of the SLS Block 1B launch vehicle with crewed Orion spacecraft and logistical modules to the Gateway between 2024 and 2028.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Berger|2019|loc="Developed by the agency's senior human spaceflight manager, Bill Gerstenmaier, this plan is everything Pence asked for—an urgent human return, a Moon base, a mix of existing and new contractors."}}</ref><ref name="spacecom-plans">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Foust|2019|loc="After Artemis 3, NASA would launch four additional crewed missions to the lunar surface between 2025 and 2028. Meanwhile, the agency would work to expand the Gateway by launching additional components and crew vehicles and laying the foundation for an eventual moon base."}}</ref> The crewed Artemis{{nbsp}}4 through{{nbsp}}7 would launch yearly between 2025 and 2028,<ref name='Sep_2019 concepts'>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/america_to_the_moon_2024_09-16-2019.pdf|title=America to the Moon 2024|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> testing [[in situ resource utilization]] and [[Nuclear reactor|nuclear power]] on the lunar surface with a partially reusable lander. Artemis{{nbsp}}7 would deliver in 2028 a crew of four astronauts to a [[Colonization of the Moon|surface lunar outpost]] known as the Lunar Surface Asset.<ref name='Sep_2019 concepts'/> The Lunar Surface Asset would be launched by an undetermined launcher<ref name='Sep_2019 concepts'/> and would be used for extended crewed lunar surface missions.<ref name='Sep_2019 concepts'/><ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Berger|2019|loc="This decade-long plan, which entails 37 launches of private and NASA rockets, as well as a mix of robotic and human landers, culminates with a "Lunar Surface Asset Deployment" in 2028, likely the beginning of a surface outpost for long-duration crew stays."}}</ref><ref name="arstechnica-plans">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Berger|2019|loc=[Illustration] "NASA's "notional" plan for a human return to the Moon by 2024, and an outpost by 2028."}}</ref> Prior to each crewed Artemis mission, various payloads to the Lunar Gateway, such as refueling depots and expendable elements of the lunar lander, would be delivereddeployed onby commercial launch vehicles.<ref name="spacecom-plans" /><ref name="arstechnica-plans" /> This would leave five SLS launches for use on interplanetary missions such as the ''[[Europa Clipper]]'' and [[Europa Lander (NASA)|Europa Lander]] or launching the crewed [[Deep Space Transport]] for a Mars orbital mission in the early 2030s.<ref name='Foust Aug2019'>[https://spacenews.com/independent-report-concludes-2033-human-mars-mission-is-not-feasible/ Independent report concludes 2033 human Mars mission is not feasible.] Jeff Foust, ''Space News''. 18 April 2019.</ref><ref name="Sep_2019 concepts" />