[[Image:Stilts fishermen Sri Lanka 02.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Stilts fishermen, [[Sri Lanka]]]]
'''Artisanal fishing''' (or '''traditional'''/'''subsistence fishing''') consists of various small-scale, [[low-technology]], low-capital, [[fishing]] practices undertaken by individual [[fisherman|fishing households]] (as opposed to [[commercial fishing]]).<ref>{{cite book|author1=Garcia, S.M.|editor1-last=Cochrane|editor1-first=K.|editor2-last=Garcia|editor2-first=S.M.|title=A fishery managers handbook|date=2009|publisher=FAOpublishe. andTarget Wiley-Blackwell|pages=473–505|chapter=Glossary}}</ref> Many14.b of these[[Sustainable householdsDevelopment areGoal of14]] coastalworks orto islandprovide ethnicaccess groups. These households make short (rarely overnight) fishing trips closerights to the shore. Their produceartisanal isfishers usuallyon notmarine processedresources and is mainly for local consumptionmarkets.<ref>{{Cite Artisan fishing uses traditional [[fishing techniques]] such as [[Fishing rodweb|rod]] and [[Fishing tackleurl=https://www.fao.org/sustainable-development-goals/indicators/14b1/en/|tackle]],title=14.b.1 [[BowAccess fishing|fishingrights arrows]] and [[harpoon]]s, [[cast net]]s, andfor small-scale (iffisheries any)| [[traditionalSustainable fishingDevelopment boats]]Goals|website=Fao. For that reason, socioorg|access-economicdate=29 statusJanuary of artisanal fishing community has become an interest of the authorities in recent years.2022}}</ref>
Artisan fishing may be undertaken for both [[commercial fishing|commercial]] and [[subsistence economy|subsistence]] reasons. It contrasts with large-scale modern commercial fishing practices in that it is often less wasteful and less stressful on fish populations than modern industrial fishing. Target 14.b of [[Sustainable Development Goal 14]] works to provide access rights to artisanal fishers on marine resources and markets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fao.org/sustainable-development-goals/indicators/14b1/en/|title=14.b.1 Access rights for small-scale fisheries | Sustainable Development Goals|website=Fao.org|access-date=29 January 2022}}</ref>
==Importance==
Hundreds of millions of people around the world rely on artisanal fisheries to live. Artisanal fishing is critically important for not only food, but for jobs, income, nutrition, [[food security]], sustainable livelihoods, and poverty alleviation as well.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Whitty|first1=T|title=Artisanal Fisheries Impacts|url=http://www.oceanscientists.org/index.php/topics/artisanal-fisheries-impacts#page|website=Ocean Scientists for Informed Policy|access-date=31 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Small-scale Fisheries|url=http://www.fao.org/fishery/ssf/en|website=FI Institutional Websites|publisher=FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department|access-date=31 March 2018}}</ref> Artisanal fisheries are the predominant form of fisheries in "tropical developing countries" such as Nigeria.<ref name="Inoni2007" />
The importance of artisanal and small-scale fisheries have been recognized in the first internationally agreed instrument dedicated entirely to small-scale fisheries. This agreement, drafted by the [[Food and Agriculture Organization]] of the [[United Nations]] is titled the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication and was implemented in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fao.org/3/i4356en/I4356EN.pdf|format=PDF|title=Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication|website=Fao.org|access-date=29 January 2022}}</ref> In addition, there is increased global advocacy to provide access for small-scalearticale artisanal fishers to marine resources and market, this is one of the major targets of the United Nations [[Sustainable Development Goal 14]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Goal 14 targets|url=https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-14-life-below-water/targets.html|access-date=2020-09-24|website=UNDP|language=en|archive-date=2020-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930060036/https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-14-life-below-water/targets.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
