The Authors Guild is America's oldest and largest professional organization for writers and provides advocacy on issues of free expression and copyright protection. Since its founding in 1912 as the Authors League of America, it has counted among its board members notable authors of fiction, nonfiction, and poetry, including numerous winners of the Nobel and Pulitzer Prizes and National Book Awards. It has over 9,000 members,[1] who receive free legal advice and guidance on contracts with publishers as well as insurance services and assistance with subsidiary licensing and royalties.[2]
 | |
| Formation | 1912 |
|---|---|
| Legal status | 501(c)(6) organization[1] |
| Purpose | Advocacy |
| Headquarters | New York City, New York, U.S. |
Membership | 9,000 |
| Website | authorsguild |
Formerly called | Authors League of America |
The group lobbies at the national and state levels on censorship and tax concerns, and it has initiated or supported several major lawsuits in defense of authors' copyrights. In one of those, a class-action suit claiming that Google acted illegally when it scanned millions of copyrighted books without permission, the Authors Guild lost on appeal in the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.
Recently the Authors Guild has fought the consolidation of the publishing industry through the mergers of large publishers, and it has pressed the publishers to increase royalty rates for ebooks.[3][4]
History
The original Authors League of America was organized with headquarters in New York City in order "to protect the rights of all authors, whether engaged in literary, dramatic, artistic, or musical competition, and to advise and assist all such authors".[5] In 1921, the Dramatists Guild of America split off as a separate group to represent writers of stage and, later, radio drama. Past presidents of the Authors Guild have included the novelists Pearl S. Buck, Rex Stout and Madeleine L'Engle, the biographers Anne Edwards and Robert Caro, the journalists Herbert Mitgang and J. Anthony Lukas, and the historians William Shirer and Robert Massie. In 2019, the guild's members elected Douglas Preston as president and Monique Truong as vice president.
Freelancers' suit
In June 2014, the guild announced final approval of an $18-million settlement of a class-action suit it brought in 2000, along with the American Society of Journalists and Authors, the National Writers Union and 21 freelance writers. The suit claimed that major electronics databases such as Lexis-Nexis had violated the rights of thousands of freelancers. Their work had originally appeared in newspapers and magazines including The New York Times and Time magazine and had then been resold to the databases without the writers' permission.[6]
The publishers had argued that the databases constituted a fair "revision" of the original print articles, but the United States Supreme Court ruled in June 2001 that the writers must be compensated for their digital rights.[7] Further litigation and negotiation led to a settlement that will provide payments to the freelancers of up to $1,500 per article.[8]
Conflict with Google
On September 20, 2005, the Authors Guild, together with Herbert Mitgang, Betty Miles and Daniel Hoffman, filed a class action lawsuit against Google for its Book Search project.[9] According to the Authors Guild, Google was committing copyright infringement by making digital copies of books that were still protected by copyright. (Google countered that their use was fair according to US copyright law.)
On October 28, 2008, the Authors Guild, the Association of American Publishers, and Google announced that they had settled Authors Guild v. Google. Google agreed to a $125 million payout, $45 million of that to be paid to rightsholders whose books were scanned without permission. The Google Book Search Settlement Agreement allowed for legal protection for Google's scanning project, even though neither side changed its position about whether scanning books was fair use or copyright infringement. The Settlement also would have established a new regulatory organization, the Book Rights Registry, which would be responsible for allocating fees from Google to rightsholders.
The settlement between the Authors Guild and Google was rejected in 2011 by a judge at the district court level, who thought the settlement was not in the authors' best interest.[10]
In October 2015, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit sided with Google citing fair use and that the scanned and posted excerpts works do not harm the authors by having parts of the books online.[11]
In late December 2015, the Authors Guild filed a writ of certiorari with the Supreme Court against Google in their long-standing battle over whether copyright laws allow for the search engine to scan and post excerpts from books for the Google Books service,[12] which in April 2016 declined to review the case, leaving the lower court's decision standing.[13]
See also
References
- ^ a b "GENERAL COUNSEL JOB, THE AUTHORS GUILD INC". The Copyright Society of the USA. 2016-05-05. Archived from the original on 2016-05-28. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
- ^ "Authors Guild". Retrieved 2012-01-12.
- ^ Doreen Carvajal (1998-04-27). "Authors Guild Tries to Block Proposed Merger of 2 Publishers". The New York Times.
- ^ "The Ebook Royalty Mess". The Authors Guild. 2011-02-11. Retrieved 2012-01-12.
- ^ "Authors' League Launched". The New York Times. 1912-12-17.
- ^ Felicity Barringer and Ralph Blumenthal (2001-03-19). "Big Media v. Freelancers: The Justices at the Digital Divide". The New York Times.
- ^ Linda Greenhouse (2001-06-25). "Court Sides with Freelancers in Electronic Rights Case". The New York Times.
- ^ "Copyright Class Action Settlement Website". Copyright Class Action Settlement Website. Retrieved 2014-08-17.
- ^ "FAQs". Archived from the original on 2012-01-11. Retrieved 2012-01-12.
- ^ Taglioli, Dan (2011-03-23). "Federal judge rejects Google Books settlement". Jurist. Legal News and Research Services, Inc. Retrieved 2016-01-05.
- ^ Mullin, Joe (2015-10-16). "Appeals court rules that Google book scanning is fair use". Ars Technica. Retrieved 2016-01-05.
- ^ Tsukayama, Hayley (2015-12-31). "The Authors Guild files to take Google to the Supreme Court". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2016-01-05.
- ^ Liptak, Adam (April 18, 2016). "Challenge to Google Books Is Declined by Supreme Court". The New York Times. Retrieved April 18, 2016.