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She became the first woman to address the constituent assembly of Spain that October, in a speech warning the male members of the assembly that their continued exclusion of women from voting was a violation of [[natural law]]. Her advocacy for women's rights was opposed not only by political conservatives and conservative [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholics]] but by men on the left and one of only two other women in the assembly, [[Victoria Kent]], who believed women would be influenced by Catholic priests.<ref name="rappaport"/> When her own party decided to oppose women's [[suffrage]], she left the party and continued to advocate for suffrage as an independent member of the assembly. Throughout her political career, Campoamor insisted that her main role was to be a spokesperson for women, and women's issues remained her primary concern. She maintained an independent affiliation amid a strong party system at the time, with the support of women's activists throughout Spain she was able to secure equal legal status for women in the new constitution.<ref name="perez"/>
Following the assembly's drafting of the new constitution, Campoamor became a political outcast because of her outspoken advocacy and willingness to abandon her party on principle. She lost her seat in parliament in 1933, but was appointed Director of Public Welfare from 1933 to 1934. In 1936, as the start of the [[Spanish Civil War]] brought violence to Madrid, she fled the country in fear for her life. Settling in [[Lausanne|Lausanne, Switzerland]], she was barred from returning to [[Francoist Spain]], unless she disclosed the names of allies and publicly apologized for past statements against the Catholic Church. As an exile, she continued to write about feminism and her experiences in politics.<ref name="perez"/>
Campoamor died in exile in 1972. Her ashes were repatriated and buried at the [[Polloe Cemetery]] in San Sebastián in May 1972.<ref name="perez"/>
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