- Ways to explore different Linux distributions are discussed in Linux distribution.
The many available Linux distributions differ for a range of reasons including technical, organizational, and philosophical.
Technical variations include support for different hardware devices and systems or software package configurations. Organizational differences may be motivated by technical decisions but also by philosophical or even historical reasons. Some distributions specialise in use on desktops, servers or routers. Other criteria include security, including how quickly security upgrades are available; ease of package management; and number of binary packages available.
These tables compare the latest stable release of major distributions on a range of objective criteria. It does not cover the subjective merits of each operating system, branches marked as unstable/beta, nor compare Linux distributions with other operating systems.
General
Basic general information about the distributions: creator/producer, release date/latest version, cost/license etc.
Creator | Producer | First Public Release (yyyy-MM-dd) | Base Distribution | Latest Stable Version (Release Date) | Cost (USD) | Preferred license | Target audience | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
aLinux | Jay Klepacs | ? (pre-1999-08-19 (1.1)) | Red Hat Linux | 12.6 (2005-11-20) | Free | GPL | Desktop(anyone) | |
ALT Linux | ALT Linux Team | 2001-03-21 | Mandrake Linux | 3.0 (2005-12-08) | Free | GPL | Desktop(enthusiast), Workstation, Server | |
Annvix | Vincent Danen | 2003-Nov | Mandrake Linux | 1.2-RELEASE (2006-02-23) | Free | GPL | Server | |
Arch Linux | Judd Vinet | dev team | 2002-March | CRUX (philosophy, inspiration) | 0.7.2 (2006-05-23) | Free | GPL | Desktop(enthusiast) |
Ark Linux | Bernhard Rosenkraenzer | dev team | 2003-01-25 | None | 2006.1 (2006-08-02) | Free | GPL | Desktop(anyone) |
Arudius | Haidut | dev team | 2005-11-04 | None | 0.5 (2006-02-06) | Free | GPL | Information assurance, information security users |
Asianux | Red Flag Linux, Miracle Linux, Haansoft Linux | dev team | 2004-June | RHEL | 2.0 (2005-08-31) | Free | GPL | Server, Workstation |
Aurox | Software-Wydawnictwo Sp. z oo | Aurox Sp. z oo | 2002-September | Red Hat Linux | 11.1 (2006) | Free | GPL | Europeans,Workstation, Server, Enthusiast |
BLAG | Brixton Linux Action Group | 2002-10-22 | Red Hat Linux | 50001 (2006-08-23) | Free | GPL | Desktop, Workstation | |
Caixa Mágica | Daniel Neves José Guimarães Paulo Trezentos |
Caixa Mágica | 2000-Oct | None | 10 (2006-02-01) |
Free (download editions) | Desktop, Server (not free) | |
CentOS | CentOS Project | CentOS Project | 2003-Dec | RHEL | 4.4 (2006-08-30) | Free | GPL | Workstation, Server |
CRUX | Per Liden | CRUX Linux community | 2001-Jan-20 | None | 2.2 (2006-04-09) | Free | GPL | Desktop(Enthusiast) |
Damn Small Linux | John Andrews | dev team | 2003 | Knoppix | 3.0.1 (2006-06-22) | Free | GPL | Desktop(old computers) |
DARKSTAR Linux | DARKSTAR Linux Project | DARKSTAR Linux Project | 2004-February | Slackware | 1.0-DOT3 (2005-06-14) | Free | GPL | Desktop(anyone) |
Debian | Ian Murdock | Debian Project | 1993-August | none | 3.1 (sarge) (2005-06-06) | Free | any DFSG-free | Desktop(intermedite to enthusiast), Workstation, Server |
DeLi Linux | Henry Jensen | 2002-November | None | 0.7-TP3 (2006-04-04) | Free | GPL | Desktop(old computers) | |
DeMuDi | dev team | AGNULA | 2002-April | Debian | 1.2.1 (2005-11-03) | Free | GPL | audio & video production |
dyne:bolic | Jaromil | 2001-June | none | 2.1 (2006-07-13) | Free | GPL | audio & video production | |
Fedora Core | Fedora Project | 2003-November | Red Hat Linux | 5 (Bordeaux) (2006-03-20) | Free | GPL | Desktop(Enthusiast), Workstation, Server | |
Finnix | Ryan Finnie | 2000-March | Debian | 88.0 (2006-08-04) | Free | GPL | Server Administration | |
Fox Linux | Dev team, supported by ILDN network | 0.5 (2004-09-30) | Fedora | 0.8 (2005-05-24) | Free | GPL | Desktop(beginner) | |
Frugalware | Miklos Vajna | dev team | 2004-September | Slackware | 0.4 (Wanda) (2006-03-30) | Free | GPL | people familiar with command-line operations |
Gentoo Linux | Daniel Robbins | Gentoo Foundation, Inc. | 2002-March | Enoch GNU/Linux | 2006.1 (2006-08-30) | Free | GPL | Desktop(enthusiast), Workstation, Server |
Gnoppix | Klaus Knopper | dev team | ? (pre-2003-07-17 (0.4)) | Debian, Knoppix & Ubuntu | 2.12.b1 (2005-09-07) | Free | GPL | Desktop(beginner) |
GoboLinux | Hisham Muhammad, Andre Detsch | dev team | 2002-June | none | 012 (2005-06-06) | Free | GPL | People intrested in filesystem design(I guess) |
ImpiLinux | Gauteng Linux Users Group | ImpiLinux (Pty) Ltd. | 2003-November | Debian, Gnoppix, Knoppix & Ubuntu | 2005 UP2 (2005-06) | Free | GPL | Desktop(African users) |
Kanotix | Kano | dev team | 2003-12-24 | Debian, Knoppix | 2005-4 (2005-12-31) | Free | GPL | Desktop(intermedite to enthusiast) |
Knoppix | Klaus Knopper | dev team | ? (pre-2003-01-19 (3.1)) | Debian | 4.0.2 (2005-09-23) | Free | GPL | Desktop(anyone) |
Kurumin Linux | Carlos Morimoto | GuiadoHardware | 2003-January | Knoppix | 5.1 (2005) | Free | GPL | Desktop(Brazilians) |
Linspire | Lindows.com, Inc. | Linspire, Inc | 2002-March | Debian | 5-1.427 (2006-04-21) | $49.95 | GPL/Commercial | Desktop(anyone) |
Lunar Linux | Chuck Mead, Lunar Penguin Project | dev team | 2002-March | Sorcerer | 1.6.0 (2006-04-06) | Free | OSI Approved | Workstation, Server, Desktop(enthusiast) |
Lycoris Desktop/LX | Redmond Linux Corp. | Lycoris, Inc., Mandriva S.A. | 2001-December | Caldera OpenLinux | 1.4 | $40-$75 | Lycoris License | Desktop(anyone) |
Mandriva Linux | Mandrakesoft S.A. | Mandriva S.A. | 1998-July-23 (5.1 (venice)) | Red Hat Linux | 2006 (2005-10-06) | Free (Download edition) | GPL | Desktop(anyone) |
MeNTOPPIX | Galuh Prasetyawan | Galuh Prasetyawan | 2006-March-30 (1.1 (malang)) | Debian, Knoppix | 1.3 (2006-03-30) | Free | GPL | Desktop(anyone) |
MEPIS | Warren Woodford | MEPIS LLC. | 2003-September-05 | Debian | SimplyMEPIS 6.0 (2006-07-21) | Free (Download edition) | GPL | Desktop(anyone) |
Musix | Marcos Guglielmetti | ? | ? | Knoppix | 0.49 | Free | GPL | audio production |
NimbleX | Bogdan Radulescu | 2005-December | Slackware | 2005 (2005-12-26) | Free | GPL | Desktop(old computers,beginners) | |
Parsix | Alan Baghumian | Talar-e-Web | ????? | Kanotix | 0.80.1.1 / June 19, 2006 | Free | GPL | Desktop(Persians) |
PCLinuxOS | Texstar | dev team | 2003-October | Mandriva | Preview .93a | Free | GPL | Desktop(anyone) |
PLD Linux Distribution | PLD Linux Distribution | 2002-November-19 | none | 2.0 RC1 (2006-03-03) | Free | GPL | Desktop(Enthusiast),Administrators | |
Pie Box Enterprise Linux | PixExcel | PixExcel | 2004-April-19 | Red Hat Enterprise Linux | 4.4 (2006-08-15) | £9.99-£19.99 | GPL | Desktop, Workstation, Server |
Puppy Linux | Barry Kauler | Puppy Foundation | 2002-July-12 (0.4) | none | 2.0.2 | Free | GPL/LGPL | Desktop(old computers,beginners) |
Red Flag Linux | Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, NewMargin Venture Capital | Red Flag Software Co., Ltd. | 1999-September-20 | Red Hat Linux | 5.0 (2005-11-11) | Free, desktop version | GPL | Chinese,Workstation, Server, Enthusiast |
Red Hat Linux | Red Hat | replaced with Fedora Core | 1995-May-13 (1.0) | ? | 9 (Shrike) (2003-03-31) | $40, Obsolete | GPL | Workstation, Server, Enthusiast |
Red Hat Enterprise Linux | Red Hat & Fedora Project | 2000-March-27 (RHL 6.2E (Zoot)) | Red Hat Linux | RHEL 4 (Nahant) (2005-02-15) | $180-2,500 | GPL | Server(Businesses) | |
Rxart | Pixart SRL | Pixart SRL | 2000-March | Debian | 3-0 (2006-04-16) | $14.95 | GPL/Commercial | Desktop(anyone), Workstation, Server |
Sauver | Maulik Gordhandas | dev team | 2006-January | Slackware | 1.1.4 (2006-07-13) | Free | GPL | Desktop(anyone), Recovery |
Scientific Linux | CERN, Fermilab, dev team | 2004-October | Fermi (LTS) & RHL/RHEL | 4.2 (Beryllium) (2005-11-22) | Free | GPL | Workstation, Server | |
Slackware | Patrick Volkerding | dev team | 1993-July | SLS | 10.2 (2005-09-14) | Free | GPL | Desktop(old computers) |
Source Mage GNU/Linux | Ryan Abrams, Eric Schabell | dev team | 2002-June | Sorcerer | 0.9.6 (2006-03-13) | Free | GPL | Desktop(enthusiast), Workstation, Server |
SUSE Linux | Novell, Inc and OpenSource community | 1994-March | Jurix | 10.1 (2006-05-11) | Free | GPL | Desktop(anyone), Server | |
Symphony OS | Ryan Quinn | Ryan Quinn & Jason Spisak | ? | Debian | 2006-05 Beta (2005-05-18) | Free | GPL Version 2 | Desktop(anyone) |
Trustix Secure Linux | Comodo Group Inc. | ? | ? | 3.0 (2006-06-13) | ? | ? | Server | |
Ubuntu Kubuntu Edubuntu Xubuntu | Canonical Ltd. | 2004-October | Debian | 6.06.1, aka "Dapper Drake" security release(2006-08-10) | Free | GPL | Desktop(anyone) | |
Ultima Linux | Martin Ultima | 2005-March-18 | Slackware | 4 SP3 (2005-11-06) | Free | GPL | Desktop(people interested in undersanding linux) | |
UTUTO | Diego Saravia & Daniel Olivera | UTUTO dev-team | 2000 | Gentoo | XS 2006.1 (2006) | Free | GPL-2 or later | Desktop(enthusiast), Workstation, Server |
Vector Linux | Robert S. Lange | dev team | 1999 | Slackware | 5.1 Standard (2005-07-27) | Free (download editions) | GPL | Desktop(anyone) |
Xandros Desktop OS | Xandros Corp. | Xandros Inc. | 2002-October-22 | Corel | 4.0 (2006-06-21) | $39.99 (Home Edition), $79.99 (Home Edition Premium), or free (3.0.2 Open Circulation Edition). |
Commercial/GPL | Desktop(anyone), Workstation, Server |
Zenwalk | Jean-Philippe Guillemin | dev team | 2006-August-23 (as Minislack) | Slackware | 2.6 (2006-05-23) | Free | GPL | Desktop(anyone) |
Creator | Producer | First Public Release (yyyy-MM-dd) | Based Distribution | Latest Stable Version (Release Date) | Cost (USD) | Preferred license | Target Audience |
Technical
Information on technical aspects of the distributions.
Features
Information on features in the distributions.
Packages | Size | GUI installation procedure | Default file manager | Default desktop environment | Default window manager | Default GUI styling | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
aLinux | about 1200 | No | Konqueror | KDE | kwin | ? | |
ALT Linux | 8381 (as of Compact 3.0) | Yes | Konqueror | KDE | kwin | Plastik | |
Arch | about 6000 | Yes[1] | none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) | |
Ark Linux | 3500 (core) + 500 (contrib) | Yes | Konqueror | KDE | kwin | Plastik | |
Arudius | over 150 security tools | < 210MB | No | Rox | Fluxbox | Fluxbox | MAC OS X |
Asianux | ? | Yes | Konqueror* | KDE | *kwin | ReFind | |
Aurox | about 3000 | Yes | Konqueror* | KDE | *kwin | Plastik | |
BLAG | 5000+ | Yes | Nautilus | GNOME | Metacity | blagCanyon | |
CentOS | 1499 (base), 95 (extras), 66 (plus) | Yes | Nautilus* | GNOME | *Metacity | Bluecurve | |
Damn Small | ? | 50 MB | No | emelFM | ? | Fluxbox | ? |
DARKSTAR | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | |
Debian | about 18000 | Yes[1] | none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) | |
DeLi Linux | about 150 | No | Midnight Commander,XPlorer | none | IceWM | ? | |
DeMuDi | about 875 | Yes | Nautilus* | GNOME | *Metacity | DeMuDi | |
dyne:bolic | ? | Yes | Xfe | GNUStep | WindowMaker | Dynebolic | |
Edubuntu | Uses Ubuntu's repositories | Yes[2] | Nautilus* | GNOME | *Metacity | Human | |
Fedora Core | 5581[3] | Yes | Nautilus* | GNOME | *Metacity | ClearLooks for GNOME Bluecurve for KDE | |
Finnix | about 350 | No | none (all optional) |
Xfce | none | none | |
Frugalware | about 3000 | Yes | none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) | |
Gentoo | about 12000 | Yes[4] | none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
Clearlooks (for GNOME) | |
Packages | Size | GUI installation procedure | Default file manager | Default desktop environment | Default window manager | Default GUI styling | |
GoboLinux | about 1500 | Yes | Konqueror* | KDE | *kwin | Plastik | |
ImpiLinux | ? | No | ? | KDE | *kwin | ? | |
Kanotix | CD: about 1000 | Yes | Konqueror* | KDE | *kwin | Plastik | |
Knoppix | CD: about 1000 DVD: about 2600 |
CD:700MB DVD:4.7GB |
No | none (all optional) |
KDE | *kwin | Keramik |
Kubuntu | Uses Ubuntu's Repositories | Yes[2] | Konqueror* | KDE | *kwin | Lipstik | |
Kurumin | ? | Yes | Konqueror | KDE | *kwin | Plastik | |
Linspire | over 2200 | Yes | Konqueror* | KDE | *kwin | Linspire's | |
Lunar | 2546 (as of June 9, 2006) |
Yes[1] | none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) | |
Lycoris Desktop/LX | ? | Yes | Konqueror* | KDE | *kwin | Lycoris' (Windows-esque). | |
Mandriva | 10689[5] | Yes | Konqueror* | KDE | *kwin | Mandrakegalaxy | |
MEPIS | ? | Yes[6] | Konqueror* | KDE | *kwin | Plastik | |
Musix | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | |
NimbleX | about 500 | No | Konqueror | KDE | kwin | Plastik | |
Parsix | ???? | Yes | Nautilus* | GNOME | *Metacity | Human | |
PCLinuxOS | 5025+ (Sept. 2006) | Yes | Konqueror* | KDE | *kwin | PCLinuxOS Custom Theme | |
Pie Box Enterprise Linux | about 1500 | Yes | Nautilus* | GNOME | *Metacity | Bluecurve | |
PLD Linux Distribution | ? | No | none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) | |
Puppy | 300+ | Standard:70MB Chubby:96.1MB BareBones:39.9MB |
Yes | ROX-Filer | none | JWM | ? |
Packages | Size | GUI installation procedure | Default file manager | Default desktop environment | Default window manager | Default GUI styling | |
Red Flag | ? | Yes | Konqueror* | KDE | *kwin | Red Flag (Windows XP-like) | |
Red Hat Enterprise Linux | about 1500 | Yes | Nautilus* | GNOME | *Metacity | Bluecurve | |
Rxart | about 5000(Pixart package) | Yes | Konqueror* | KDE | *kwin | Rxart | |
Sauver | ? | No | Konqueror | KDE | Kwin | Plastik | |
Scientific | ? | Yes | Nautilus* | GNOME | *Metacity | Bluecurve | |
Slackware | ? | Yes[1] | none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) | |
Source Mage | 4235 (2005-08-11) | Yes | none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) | |
SUSE | 4000 | Yes | Nautilus*, Konqueror* |
GNOME, KDE |
*Metacity, *kwin |
SuSE Theme | |
Symphony OS | ? | Yes | ROX-filer | Mezzo | FVWM | ? | |
Ubuntu | 4358 by default[7], maximally about 19,500 | Yes[2] | Nautilus* | GNOME | *Metacity | Human | |
Ultima | ? | Yes | Konqueror (optional) | KDE (and others, all optional) | Enlightenment (and others, all optional) | none (all optional) | |
UTUTO | about 45000 (optimized by architecture) | Yes[1] | Nautilus | GNOME (and others) | Metacity | UTUTO-Theme-Blue | |
Vector Linux | ? | Yes | none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) |
none (all optional) | |
Xandros Desktop OS | ? | Yes | Xandros File Manager | KDE | *kwin | Xandros' | |
Xubuntu | Uses Ubuntu's repositories | Yes[2] | Thunar* | Xfce | *Xfwm | ClearLooks | |
Packages | Size | GUI installation procedure? | Default file manager | Default desktop environment | Default window manager | Default GUI styling |
- ^ a b c d e Ncurses-based installation GUI.
- ^ a b c d A GTK+/QT installer is available on the Desktop CD. (LiveCD)
- ^ Data for Fedora Core 5; 2207 packages in Core, 3374 in Extras
- ^ Can be installed graphically (GTK+ and ncurses), but also by command line (install cd, livecd (including others such as Knoppix), netboot and from distributions). The GUI installer is currently in beta however.
- ^ According to History of Mandrakelinux releases.
- ^ Installs from within a booted live CD session.
- ^ By default main and restricted repositories are enabled. Universe and multiverse repositories can be added.
Architecture support
Distribution | 68k | alpha | x86-64 | arm | hppa | ia64 | mips | ppc | ppc64 | s390 | sh | sparc32 | sparc64 | x86
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
aLinux | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||||
ALT Linux | Yes | |||||||||||||
Annvix | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||||
Archlinux | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||||
Ark Linux | Yes | |||||||||||||
Arudius Linux | Yes | |||||||||||||
Asianux Linux | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||
CentOS | Yes | Yes | Yes | Beta | Yes | Beta | Yes | |||||||
Debian | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||
Fedora Core | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||||
Gentoo | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Pie Box Enterprise Linux | Yes | |||||||||||||
Mandriva Linux | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||||
Red Flag | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||
Red Hat Enterprise Linux | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||
Rxart | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Partial | Partial | Yes | |||||||
Slackware | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||||
SuSE Linux | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||
Ubuntu, Kubuntu, Edubuntu and Xubuntu | Yes | Partial | Partial | Yes | Partial | Partial | Yes | |||||||
Yellow Dog | Yes | Partial |
Security features
AppArmor | BGCC[2] | Exec Shield | GrSecurity | PaX | Rsback[3] | SELinux | Systrace | RSBAC | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CentOS | Yes | Yes | |||||||
Fedora Core | Yes | Yes | |||||||
Hardened Debian | Optional | Optional | Optional | ||||||
Hardened Gentoo | Yes | Partial | Optional | Yes | Optional | Optional | Optional | ||
Pie Box Enterprise Linux | Yes | Yes | |||||||
Red Hat Enterprise Linux | Yes | Yes | |||||||
SUSE Linux | Yes |
See also
External links
- DistroWatch.com - Compares all significant Linux distributions in detail, and was a source for some information shown here.
- LWN.net Linux Distribution List - A comprehensive list of hundreds of distributions, including historical ones.
- PolishLinux.org Linux distribution comparison - compare features of top GNU/Linux distros side-by-side