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{{short description|Elected heads of parishes in Jersey and Guernsey}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
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{{One source|date=January 2021}}
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[[File:Jersey general election 2011 33.jpg|thumb|[[Simon Crowcroft]], Connétable of [[St Helier]]]]
'''Connétables''' or '''constables''' ([[Jèrriais]]: {{Lang|nrf|Connétabl'ye|italic=no}}) are the civic heads of the twelve [[parishes of Jersey]] and ten [[parishes of Guernsey]]. The {{Lang|fr|Connétable|italic=no}} is grounded in [[Norman law|Norman customary law]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite thesis |title=The rural community in nineteenth century Jersey |url=https://pugwash.lib.warwick.ac.uk/record=b1410448~S15 |publisher=typescript |date=1991 |place=S.l. |first=John D. |last=Kelleher}}</ref> The structure, powers and responsibilities of the role differ between the islands, reflecting their different political histories.
== Jersey ==
[[File:Grand' Rue, Jersey.jpg|thumb|right|Monument in St Helier to Pierre Le Sueur, elected Connétable five times in the 19th century]]
{{Lang|fr|Connétables|italic=no}} are the heads of the twelve parishes of Jersey. The primary roles of the {{Lang|fr|Connétable|italic=no}} are as president of the Parish Assembly for non-ecclesiastical matters, representative of the parishioners in the States and head of the parish honorary police force.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Amy|first=Malcolm L|date=22 March 2011|title=The Honorary Police of Jersey|url=http://www.lawinstitute.ac.je/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/2011.03.22_The-Honorary-Police-of-Jersey.pdf|access-date=2021-03-28|website=Institute of Law Jersey}}</ref> In Jersey, each [[Parishes of Jersey|parish]] elects a {{Lang|fr|Connétable|italic=no}} at general elections to run the parish and also represent the parish in the legislature, the [[States Assembly]].<ref name=":2" />
At parish-level, the constable presides over the [[Roads Committee]], the Conseil Paroissial (except St. Helier) and [[Parish Assembly (Jersey)|parish assemblies]]. The twelve constables also collectively sit as the Comité des Connétables.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{cite web | title = Comité des Connétables | url = https://statesassembly.gov.je/committees/Pages/default.aspx?CommitteeId=35 | accessdate =9 January 2021|website=States Assembly}}</ref> The constable is the titular head of the
=== History ===
The origins of the {{Lang|fr|Connétable|italic=no}} are believed to be military and the position is recorded as early as 1462. The office is unique to the island, being no parallel office in England or mainland Normandy, though [[Victor Hugo]] believed the office to of English origin, perhaps a version of the English [[Mayors in England|mayor]].<ref name=":2" />
== Guernsey ==
In [[Guernsey]], each [[Parishes of Guernsey|parish]] elects two constables, the senior constable and the junior constable. Persons elected generally serve a year as junior and then senior constable. The senior constable presides over the Douzaine that runs the parish. The constables are responsible for enforcing the decisions of the parish including the ''branchage'' (summer hedge-cutting).
=== Sark===
In [[Sark]], the connétable (or constable) is the senior of two police officers and police administrator and the [[vingtenier]] is the junior police officer.
==See also==
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==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Jersey topics}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Connetable}}
[[Category:Parishes of Jersey]]
[[Category:Law enforcement in the Channel Islands]]
[[Category:Police forces of the Crown
[[Category:Parochial politics of Jersey]]
[[Category:
[[Category:Constables of Jersey]]
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