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{{for|other Hungarian princesses named Elizabeth|Elizabeth of Hungary (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox saint
|honorific_prefix=[[Saint]]
|name = Elizabeth of Hungary
|honorific_suffix=[[Third Order of Saint Francis|
|birth_date =7 July 1207
|death_date ={{death date and age|1231|11|17|1207|7|7|df=y}}
|feast_day =17 November<br/>19 November ([[General Roman Calendar of 1960]])<ref>Calendarium Romanum (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 1969), p. 108</ref>
|venerated_in =[[Roman Catholic Church]]<br/>[[Anglican Communion]]<br/>[[Lutheranism]]
|image = Simone Martini 046.jpg
|imagesize =
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|birth_place =[[Pozsony]], [[Kingdom of Hungary]] (modern-day [[Bratislava]], [[Slovakia]])
|death_place =[[Marburg]], [[Landgraviate]] of [[Thuringia]], [[Holy Roman Empire]] (modern-day [[Hesse]], [[Germany]])
|titles =
|beatified_date =
|beatified_place =
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}}
'''Elizabeth of Hungary''' ({{lang-de|Heilige Elisabeth von Thüringen}}, {{lang-hu|Árpád-házi Szent Erzsébet}}, {{lang-sk|Svätá Alžbeta Uhorská}}; 7 July 1207
Elizabeth was married at the age of 14, and widowed at 20.
==Early life and marriage==
Elizabeth was the daughter of King [[Andrew II of Hungary]] and [[Gertrude of Merania]].<ref>{{cite book |title=The Life and Afterlife of St. Elizabeth of Hungary: Testimony from her Canonization Hearings |editor-first=Kenneth Baxter |editor-last=Wolf |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2010 |page=ix}}</ref> Her mother's sister was [[Hedwig of Andechs]], wife of Duke [[Henry the Bearded|Heinrich I of Silesia]].<ref name=bihl/> Her ancestry included many notable figures of European royalty, going back as far as [[Vladimir the Great]] of the [[Kievan Rus']].
According to tradition, she was born in [[Kingdom of Hungary|Hungary]], possibly in the castle of [[Sárospatak]], on 7 July 1207.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Albrecht |first=Thorsten |author2=Atzbach, Rainer |title=Elisabeth von Thüringen: Leben und Wirkung in Kunst und Kulturgeschichte |publisher=[[Michael Imhof Verlag]] |year=2007 |location=Petersberg |page=7 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ohler |first=Norbert |title=Elisabeth von Thüringen: Fürstin im Dienst der Niedrigsten |publisher=Muster-Schmidt Verlag |year=2006 |location=Gleichen |page=15 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Zippert |first=Christian |author2=Gerhard Jost |title=Hingabe und Heiterkeit: Vom Leben und Wirken der heiligen Elisabeth |publisher=Verlag Evangelischer Medienverband |year=2007 |location=Kassel |page=9 }}</ref> However, a sermon printed in 1497 by the [[Franciscan]] [[friar]] [[Osvát Laskai|Osvaldus de Lasco]], a church official in Hungary, is the first source to specifically name [[Sárospatak]] as Elizabeth's birthplace, potentially building on local tradition. Osvaldus also translates the [[miracle of the roses]] to Elizabeth's childhood in Sárospatak and has her leave Hungary at the age of five.<ref>Ortrud Reber, ''Elizabeth von Thüringen, Landgräfin und Heilige'' (Regensburg: Pustet, 2006), pp. 33–34.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
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===Religious inclinations, influences===
In 1223, Franciscan friars arrived, and the teenage Elizabeth not only learned about the ideals of [[Francis of Assisi]], but started to live them.<ref name=foley>[http://www.americancatholic.org/Features/Saints/saint.aspx?id=1202 Foley, OFM, Leonard, "St Elizabeth of Hungary", ''Saint of the Day, Lives, Lessons, and Feast'', (revised by Pat McCloskey OFM), Franciscan Media] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408024544/http://www.americancatholic.org/Features/Saints/saint.aspx?id=1202 |date=2016-04-08 }}; {{ISBN|978-0-86716-887-7}}</ref> Louis was not upset by his wife's charitable efforts, believing that the distribution of his wealth to the poor would bring eternal reward; he is venerated in [[Thuringia]] as a saint, though he was never canonized by the church.
It was also about this time that the [[priest (Catholic Church)|priest]] and later [[Inquisition|inquisitor]] [[Konrad von Marburg]] gained considerable influence over Elizabeth when he was appointed as her [[confessor]]. In the spring of 1226, when floods, famine and [[epidemic|plague]] wrought havoc in Thuringia, Louis, a staunch supporter of the [[Hohenstaufen]] [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor]], represented Frederick II at the [[Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)|Imperial Diet]] held in [[Cremona]].
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==Widowhood==
[[File:Marianne Stokes St Elizabeth of Hungary Spinning for the Poor.jpg|thumb|upright|''St. Elizabeth spinning wool for the poor'' by [[Marianne Stokes]] (1895)]]
Elizabeth's life changed irrevocably on 11 September 1227 when Louis, en route to join the [[Sixth Crusade]], died of a fever in [[Otranto]], [[Italy]], just a few weeks before the birth of her daughter Gertrude. Upon hearing the news of her husband's death, the 20-year-old Elizabeth reportedly said, "He is dead. He is dead. It is to me as if the whole world died today."<ref name=EB1911/><ref>Rainer Koessling, ed. and trans., ''Leben und Legende der heiligen Elisabeth nach Dietrich von Apolda'' (Frankfurt am Main: Insel Verlag, 1997), 52.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref> His remains were returned to Elizabeth in 1228 and entombed at the abbey of [[Reinhardsbrunn]].
After Louis' death, his brother, [[Henry Raspe]], assumed the regency during the minority of Elizabeth's eldest child, [[Hermann II, Landgrave of Thuringia|Hermann]] (1222–1241). After bitter arguments over the disposal of her dowry—a conflict in which Konrad was appointed as the official Defender of her case by [[Pope Gregory IX]]—Elizabeth left the court at [[Wartburg]] and moved to [[Marburg]] in [[Hesse]]. Her move seems to have been partly influenced by Konrad's strict dietary commands, which could not by met at Wartburg.<ref name=bihl/>
Following her husband's death, Elizabeth made solemn vows to Konrad similar to those of a [[nun]]. These vows included [[celibacy]], as well as complete obedience to Konrad as her confessor and [[spiritual director]]. Konrad's treatment of Elizabeth was extremely harsh, and he held her to standards of behavior which were almost impossible to meet. Among the punishments he is alleged to have ordered were physical beatings; he also ordered her to send away her three children. Her pledge to celibacy proved a hindrance to her family's political ambitions. Elizabeth was more or less held hostage at [[Pottenstein Castle|Pottenstein]], the castle of her uncle, Bishop Ekbert of Bamberg, in an effort to force her to remarry. Elizabeth, however, held fast to her vow, even threatening to cut off her own nose so that no man would find her attractive enough to marry.<ref>Rainer Koessling, ed. and trans., ''Leben und Legende der heiligen Elizabeth nach Dietrich von Apolda'' (Frankfurt am Main: Insel Verlag, 1997), 59.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
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[[File:Szent Erzsebet-templom 03.jpg|thumb|upright|right|A statue showing the miracle of the roses in the rose garden in front of the [[Gothic Revival|neo-Gothic]] church dedicated to her at Roses' Square (''Rózsák tere''), [[Budapest]]<ref>[http://rozsaktere.uw.hu/ ''Rózsák terei Szent Erzsébet Templon'']{{in lang|hu}}</ref>]]
Elizabeth is perhaps best known for her [[miracle of the roses]]. While taking bread to the poor in secret, she met her husband
Her husband, according to the ''vitae'', was never troubled by her charity and always supported it. In some versions of this story, her brother-in-law, Heinrich Raspe, questions her. Hers is one of many miracles that associate Christian saints with roses.
===Christ in the bed===
Another story told of Elizabeth, also found in Dietrich of Apolda's ''Vita'', relates how she laid the [[leper]] Helias of Eisenach in the bed she shared with her husband. Her mother-in-law, who was horrified, told this immediately to
==Death and legacy==
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[[File:CapillaSantaIsabeldeHungría.jpg|thumb|Elizabeth Chapel where her relics lie, [[Primatial Cathedral of Bogotá]], Colombia]]
===Miracles after death and canonization===
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File:Karl von Blaas Rosenwunder.jpg|[[Karl von Blaas]], ''Rosenwunder''
File:St Elisabeth of Hungary (18. century, stained glass).jpg|St. Elisabeth of Hungary (stained glass, 18th century, [[City Museum of Ljubljana]])
File:Bayerisches Nationalmuseum 9.jpg|alt=A wooded sculpture of St. Elizabeth. She has on a 15th-century style dress and wears a cloak which falls to mid shin. She holds a pitcher in her left hand and at her right foot a small depiction of a man kneels and gazes up at her.|St. Elisabeth of Hungary ([[Tilman Riemenschneider]], [[limewood]],
</gallery>
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* de Robeck, Nesta. ''Saint Elizabeth of Hungary: A Story of Twenty-Four Years''. Milwaukee: The Bruce Publishing Company, 1954.
* Seesholtz, Anne. ''Saint Elizabeth: Her Brother's Keeper''. New York: Philosophical Library, 1948.
* Coudenhove, Ida Friederike.
==External links==
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*{{cite web | url = http://www.christianiconography.info/goldenLegend/elizabethHungary.htm | title = Here Followeth the Life of St Elizabeth | website = christianiconography.info | language = en}}
* {{cite web | url = https://catholicsaints.info/saint-elizabeth-of-hungary/ | title = Biography of Saint Elizabeth of Hungary | website = aints.info | language = en | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150424015146/https://catholicsaints.info/saint-elizabeth-of-hungary/ | archive-date = April 24, 2015 | url-status = live}}
* {{cite EB9 |wstitle = St Elizabeth |volume= VIII | page=145 |short=1 }}
* {{cite web | url = https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22beth%2C%20of%20Hungary%2C%20Saint%2C%201207-1231%22%20%20OR%20creator%3A%22beth%2C%20of%20Hungary%2C%20Saint%2C%201207-1231%22%20%20OR%20title%3A%22beth%2C%20of%20Hungary%2C%20Saint%2C%201207-1231%22%20%20OR%20description%3A%22beth%2C%20of%20Hungary%2C%20Saint%2C%201207-1231%22%29%20OR%20%28%221207-1231%22%20AND%20%22Elizabeth%2C%20of%20Hungary%22%29%29%20%20AND%20%28-mediatype%3Asoftware%29 | title = Works by or about Saint Elizabeth of Hungary | website = [[Internet Archive|archive.org]]}}
* {{cite web | url = https://digilander.libero.it/raxdi/inglese/index4.htm | title = Elizabeth of Hungary: princess and saint| website = Invisible Monastery of charity and fraternity - Christian family prayer | language = en| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110316185443/https://digilander.libero.it/raxdi/inglese/index4.htm | archive-date = March 16, 2011 | url-status = live}}
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[[Category:People from Sárospatak]]
[[Category:Hungarian princesses]]
[[Category:
[[Category:Hungarian people of German descent]]
[[Category:Beatified and canonised Árpádians]]
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[[Category:Anglican saints]]
[[Category:Daughters of kings]]
[[Category:People from Bratislava]]
[[Category:Mothers of German monarchs]]
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