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{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2016}}
{{Use British English|date=December 2016}}
{|{{Infobox Ship Begin}}▼
{{Infobox Ship Image▼
|Ship image= [[File:Hms-jumna.jpg|300px]]▼
|Ship caption={{HMS|Jumna|1866|6}}
}}
{{Infobox
|Name=''Euphrates''-class troopship
|Builders=
|Operators={{navy|
|Class before=
|Class after=
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|Total ships preserved=
}}
{{Infobox
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class=
|Ship type=[[Troopship]]
|Ship tons burthen=*4,206 [[Builder's Old Measurement|bm]]
*''Malabar'': 4,189 bm |Ship displacement={{convert|6211|LT|t|1}}
|Ship length={{convert|360|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} (overall)
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|Ship draught=
|Ship hold depth={{convert|22|ft|4|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship power=
*[[Indicated horsepower|Indicated]] |Ship propulsion=*''As built'':
*2-cylinder horizontal single-expansion trunk engine
*Single screw
*4-cylinder horizontal compound-expansion engine
*Single screw
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==Design==
The [[Crimean War]] and [[Indian Mutiny]] in the 1850s both required that large numbers of troops be moved across the globe at short notice. Although for both these conflicts commercial shipping companies were able to fulfil all the immediate requirements, it became apparent that there were severe handicaps to the system; in particular the availability of commercial shipping for trooping could not be guaranteed. It was decided to set up a regular service of Government transports and the Navy was ordered to build five specially-designed troopships.<ref name=RGR/>
With the Suez Canal due to be opened in 1869, the class was designed within the constraints of the new waterway. Designed to carry an entire [[battalion]] of infantry, the result was a magnificent [[Barque|barque-rigged]] steamer of considerable size; with a top speed of 15 knots, and able to take the direct route via the Suez Canal, they were able to reduce the length of the voyage significantly, but perhaps more importantly, the uncertainty in the time needed to make the journey round the [[Cape of Good Hope]] was also reduced.
The five ships were ordered from various British shipbuilders, with {{HMS|Malabar|1866|2}} being built to a slightly different and smaller design.<ref name="Winfield2">{{cite book |last=Lyon & Winfield |title=The Sail and Steam Navy List |chapter=8|page= 283}}</ref> They were lightly armed with three 4-pounder guns, and were initially fitted with a single-expansion trunk engine (except ''Serapis'') and single screw, producing 700 nhp.<ref name="Winfield2"/> However the engines were refitted on all of these ships during their active careers. {{HMS|Serapis|1866|2}} was completed with a 4-cylinder horizontal compound-expansion engine, but was re-engined in 1869 with a 2-cylinder single expansion engine.<ref name="Winfield2"/> {{HMS|Jumna|1866|2}}'s engines were originally 3-cylinder versions, and were modified to the compound type in 1873. The two-cylinder engines of {{HMS|Euphrates|1866|2}} and {{HMS|Malabar|1866|2}} were also replaced with compound engines in 1873. {{HMS|Crocodile|1867|2}} was also re-engined, albeit somewhat later than her sisters.<ref name="Winfield2"/><ref group=Note>Winfield does not show a re-engining of ''Crocodile''; this is a misprint and the ''Errata'' should be consulted.</ref>
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The ships spent most of their active careers conveying British troops to and from the [[Indian subcontinent]], although other voyages were made, most notably to Canada. Obsolete by the mid-1890s, ''Serapis'', ''Euphrates'' and ''Crocodile'' were sold for breaking up.<ref name="Winfield2"/> ''Malabar'' became a base ship at [[Bermuda]] in 1897, and was renamed HMS ''Terror'' in 1901. She was put on the disposal list in 1914 and was sold off in 1918,<ref name="Colledge213">{{cite book |last=Colledge|title=Ships of the Royal Navy|page=213}}</ref> while ''Jumna'' survived as a coal hulk, eventually being sold off in 1922.<ref name="Winfield2"/><ref name="Colledge181">{{cite book |last=Colledge|title=Ships of the Royal Navy|page=181}}</ref>
[[File:
==Ships==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left"
|-
!Name||Ship Builder||Ordered||Launched||Fate
|-▼
|{{HMS|Serapis|1866|2}}||[[Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company]]||1865 ||2 September 1866||Sold for breaking up on 23 November 1894<ref name="Winfield2"/><ref name="Colledge317">{{cite book |last=Colledge|title=Ships of the Royal Navy|page=317}}</ref>▼
|-
|{{HMS|Jumna|1866|2}}||[[Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company]] ||1865 ||24 September 1866 ||Became coal hulk ''C110'' in 1893<br>Sold as hulk ''Oceanic'' in July 1922<ref name="Winfield2"/><ref name="Colledge181"/>
▲|-
▲|{{HMS|Serapis|1866|2}}||[[Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company]]||1865 ||
|-
|{{HMS|Euphrates|1866|2}}||[[Laird Brothers]] ||1865 ||24 November 1866 ||Sold on 23 November 1894<br>Resold for breaking up in August 1895<ref name="Winfield2"/><ref name="Colledge118">{{cite book |last=Colledge|title=Ships of the Royal Navy|page=118}}</ref>
|-
|{{HMS|Malabar|1866|2}}||[[
|-
|{{HMS|Crocodile|1867|2}}||[[
|}
==Identification==
All the ships of the class could be distinguished by a different coloured hull band, with ''Crocodile'' wearing yellow, ''Euphrates'' blue, ''Jumna'' red, ''Malabar'' black and ''Serapis'' green.<ref>''The Royal Navy at Malta, Volume One: The Victorian Era - 1865-1906'', page 51, by Richard Ellis & Lt. Cdr. Ben Warlaw RN - {{ISBN|0907771432}} </ref> ''Jumna''’s blue hull band was to become the traditional identification feature for HM troopships.
==Notes==
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==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
*{{
* Lyon, David and Winfield, Rif, The Sail and Steam Navy List, All the Ships of the Royal Navy 1815-1889, pub Chatham, 2004, {{ISBN
==External links==
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{{Euphrates class troopship}}
[[Category:Euphrates-class troopships| ]]
[[Category:Troop ships of the Royal Navy]]
[[Category:Auxiliary transport ship classes]]
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