French cruiser Troude: Difference between revisions

|Ship ordered=16 August 1886

|Ship laid down=November27 August 1886

|Ship commissioned=6 December 1888

|Ship in service=5 February 1891

|Ship out of service=1 July 1906

|Ship struck=19073 orJuly 19081907

|Ship fate=[[ship breaking|Broken up]], c. 1908

|Ship displacement={{cvt|1994|LT1877|t|lk=on}}

|Ship beam={{cvt|9.5|m|ftin}}

|Ship draft={{cvt|54.1827|m|0}}

*{{cvt|58006300|ihp|lk=on}}

|Ship range={{cvt|2110|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|10|kn}}

|Ship complement=201200

*4 × {{cvt|138.6|mm}} guns

*4 × {{cvt|350356|mm|0}} [[torpedo tube]]s

*[[deck (ship)|Deck]]: {{cvt|1.640|in|order=flipmm}}

*[[Conning tower]]: {{cvt|25|40 mm|0}}

Beginning in 1879, the [[French Navy]]'s {{lang|fr|[[Conseil des travaux|Conseil des Travaux]]}} (Council of Works) had requested designs for small but fast [[cruiser]]s of about {{cvt|2000|LT|t|0|lk=on|0}} [[displacement (ship)|displacement]] that could be used as scouts for the main battle fleet. The [[unprotected cruiser]] {{ship|French cruiser|Milan||2}} was the first of the type, which was developed into the {{sclass|Forbin|cruiser|5}}-type of [[protected cruiser]]s after the {{lang|fr|Conseil}} requested light armor protection for the ships. TheAfter the first two ships were ordered, the navy requested competing proposals from private shipyards, and the design from {{lang|fr|[[Forges et Chantiers de la Gironde]]}} was furtherselected, refinedwhich withbecame the ''Troude'' [[ship class|class]]. In total, whichsix addedships armorwere protectionultimately forordered, thethree [[conningper tower]],class; amongall were othervery improvementssimilar. All of the ships were ordered by Admiral [[Théophile Aube]], then the [[French Minister of Marine]] and an ardent supporter of the {{lang|fr|[[Jeune École]]}} doctrine; proponents of the concept favored the use of cruisers to attack an opponent's merchant shipping instead of a fleet of expensive [[battleship]]s.{{sfn|CampbellRoberts|pp=309–310247–249}}{{sfn|Ropp|pp=129–130, 172}}

''Troude'' was {{cvt|95|m|ftin}} [[long at the waterline]], with a [[beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{cvt|9.5|m|ftin}} and aan average [[draft (hull)|draft]] of {{cvt|54.1827|m|0}}. She displaced {{cvt|1994|LT1877|t}} as designed. Her crew amounted to 201200 officers and enlisted men. The ship's propulsion system consisted of a pair of [[compound steam engine]]s driving two [[screw propeller]]s. Steam was provided by five coal-burning [[fire-tube boiler]]s that were ducted into two [[funnel (ship)|funnels]]. Her machinery was rated to produce {{convert|58006300|ihp|lk=on}} for a top speed of {{convert|20.5|kn|lk=in}}. At a more economical speed of {{convert|10|kn}}, the ship could steam for {{convert|2110|nmi|lk=in}}.{{sfn|Campbell|p=310}}{{sfn|Roberts|p=249}}

The ship was armed with a [[main battery]] of four {{cvt|138.6|mm}} 30-[[caliber (artillery)|caliber]] guns in individual [[pivot mount]]s, all in [[sponson]]s located [[amidships]] with two guns per [[Broadside (naval)|broadside]]. For close-range defense against [[torpedo boat]]s, she carried four [[QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss|{{cvt|47|mm}} 3-pounder Hotchkiss guns]] and four {{cvt|37|mm}} 1-pounder [[Hotchkiss revolver cannon]]. She was also armed with four {{cvt|350356|mm|0}} [[torpedo tube]]s in her [[hull (watercraft)|hull]] belowabove the [[waterline]], two in the [[bow (ship)|bow]] and shetwo further aft, one per broadside. She had provisions to carry up to 150 [[naval mine]]s. Armor protection consisted of a curved armor [[deck (ship)|deck]] that was {{cvt|1.6|in40|order=flipmm}} thick, along with {{cvt|25|40 mm|0}} plating on the conning tower. Above the deck, a [[cofferdam]] was intended to control flooding from battle damage.{{sfn|Campbell|p=310}}{{sfn|Roberts|p=249}}

The contract for ''Troude'' was builtplaced on 16 August 1886 atwith the [[Forges et Chantiers de la Gironde]] shipyard in [[Lormont]]. She was [[keel laying|laid down]] ineleven Novemberdays 1886later, the first member of her class to begin construction.{{sfn|Campbell|p=310}}{{sfn|Roberts|p=249}} She was [[ship launching|launched]] on 22 October 1888, was moved to [[Rochefort, Charente-Maritime|Rochefort]] on 24–25 November for [[fitting-out]], and was [[ship commissioning|commissioned]] for [[sea trials]] on 6 December 1888. The ship's propulsion system proved to be troublesome during her trials, which lasted for more than two years.{{sfn|SmigielskiRoberts|p=193249}} completedShe her [[seacompleted trials]] on 18 December 1890,{{sfn|Ships: France|p=270}} and was accepted by the French Navy in January 1891.,{{sfn|Campbell|p=310}} Bythough 1893,she ''Troude''was hadnot beenplaced assignedin tofull thecommission [[Mediterraneanfor Squadronactive (France)|Mediterraneanservice Squadron]],until the5 main French battle fleetJanuary. AtOn thatentering timeservice, theshe unitwas alsoassigned includedto several modernthe [[ironcladMediterranean warship]]s,Squadron the(France)|Mediterranean [[armored cruiserSquadron]] {{ship|French cruiser|Dupuy de Lome||2}}, andthe fourmain other protected cruisers, {{ship|French cruiser|Amiralbattle Cécille||2}}, {{ship|French cruiser|Jean Bart||2}}fleet, and hershe [[sisterdeparted ship]]sRochefort {{ship|Frenchon cruiser|Cosmao|1889|2}}15 and {{ship|French cruiser|Lalande||2}}February.{{sfn|Brassey 1893Roberts|p=70249}}

SheBy was1893, stillthe servingunit inalso included several modern [[ironclad warship]]s, the unit[[armored incruiser]] {{ship|French cruiser|Dupuy de Lome||2}}, and four other protected cruisers, {{ship|French cruiser|Amiral Cécille||2}}, {{ship|French cruiser|Jean Bart||2}}, and her [[sister ship]]s {{ship|French cruiser|Cosmao|1889|2}} and {{ship|French cruiser|Lalande||2}}.{{sfn|Brassey 1893|p=70}} ''Troude'' was refitted extensively between OCtober 1893 and May 1894.{{sfn|Roberts|p=249}} By 1895, she had returned to the unit, by which time the fleet's cruiser division consisted of ''Troude'', ''Lalande'', ''Cosmao'', and the protected cruisers {{ship|French cruiser|Tage||2}}, and {{ship|French cruiser|Suchet||2}}.{{sfn|Brassey 1895|p=50}} She took part in the fleet maneuvers that year, which began on 1 July and concluded on the 27th. She was assigned to "Fleet B", which along with "Fleet A" represented the French fleet, and was tasked with defeating the hostile "Fleet C", which represented the Italian fleet.{{sfn|Gleig|pp=195–196}} She remained in the Mediterranean Squadron in 1896,{{sfn|Brassey 1896|p=62}} and she took part in that year's maneuvers as part of the cruiser [[Screening (tactical)|screen]] for the 3rd Division. The maneuvers for that year took place from 6 to 30 July.{{sfn|Thursfield|pp=164–167}}

She remained in the Mediterranean Squadron in 1896,{{sfn|Brassey 1896|p=62}} and she took part in that year's maneuvers as part of the cruiser [[Screening (tactical)|screen]] for the 3rd Division. The maneuvers for that year took place from 6 to 30 July.{{sfn|Thursfield|pp=164–167}} ''Troude'' initially remained with the active units of the Mediterranean Squadron in 1897.{{sfn|Brassey 1897|p=57}} Later that year, she served as the [[flagship]] of Rear Admiral [[Édouard Pottier]] in the Levant Division at the start of the [[Cretan Revolt (1897-1898)|Cretan Revolt of 1897–1898]].{{sfn|Robinson|p=187}} By 1898, the armored cruiser {{ship|French cruiser|Amiral Charner||2}} had replaced ''Troude'' as the flagship, allowing the latter to return to France.{{sfn|Naval Notes: France|p=1092}} ''Troude'' served in the North Atlantic Division in 1900, along with ''Amiral Cécille'' and ''Suchet''.{{sfn|Garbett|p=1026}} ''Troude''That andyear, hershe sisterwas shipsplaced hadout beenof deactivatedservice andat placedRochefort into be re-boilered; the [[reservework fleet]] bylasted Januaryuntil 19011902.{{sfn|Jordan & CaresseRoberts|p=219249}}

In 1903, the ship was reactivated and assigned to the Atlantic Squadron, which had previously been amalgamated with the Northern Squadron. At that time, the unit consisted of ''Tage'', ''Troude'', and the protected cruiser {{ship|French cruiser|D'Estrées||2}}.{{sfn|Brassey 1903|pp=58–60}} She operated as part of the Newfoundland and Iceland Naval Division in 1904 in company with the protected cruiser {{ship|French cruiser|Lavoisier||2}}, which was tasked with patrolling fishing areas off the coast of North America.{{sfn|Meirat|p=21}} In 1905, she operated in the Atlantic Squadron with the armored cruiser {{ship|French cruiser|Dupleix|1900|2}} and the protected cruiser {{ship|French cruiser|Jurien de la Gravière||2}}.{{sfn|Brassey 1905|p=42}} TheOn ship1 July 1906, ''Troude'' was placed in the category of special reserve, and was struck from the [[naval register]] inon either3 July 1907. She was placed for sale at Rochefort in 1907,{{sfn|Smigielski|p=193}} or 1908,{{sfn|Campbell|p=310}} and wasthereafter [[ship breaking|broken up]] for [[scrap]] thereafter.{{sfn|Campbell|p=310}}{{sfn|Roberts|p=249}}{{sfn|Smigielski|p=193}}

|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships: 1906–1921