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BobKilcoyne (talk | contribs) Glenelg Institute, now the Glenelg Town Hall: removed reference to a picture which is not there |
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{{Use Australian English|date=August 2019}}▼
{{Other uses|Glenelg (disambiguation)}}
▲{{Use Australian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Infobox Australian place
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| coordinates = {{Coord|-34.982244|138.513633|format=dms|type:city_region:AU-SA|display=title,inline}}
| coord_ref = <ref name="LMV">{{cite web|title=Search results for 'Glenelg, SUB' with the following datasets selected - 'Suburbs and localities', 'Counties', 'Local Government Areas', 'SA Government Regions' and 'Gazetteer'|url=http://location.sa.gov.au/viewer/?map=hybrid&x=138.515&y=-34.98079&z=16&uids=19,2,11,20,105&pinx=138.515000&piny=-34.980790&pinTitle=Location&pinText=Glenelg,+Sub|website=Location SA Map Viewer|publisher=South Australian Government|access-date=28 June 2019}}</ref>
| pop =
| established = 1836
| established_footnotes =
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Among the town's earliest public buildings were the Independent (Congregational) church, opened 7 March 1848, St Peter's (Anglican) church, opened 28 March 1852 and the Pier Hotel, opened Christmas Day 1856, all the work of [[Henry J. Moseley]],<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article25730069 |title=Death of Mr. H. J. Moseley |newspaper=[[The Advertiser (Adelaide)]] |volume=XXXVII |issue=11145 |location=South Australia |date=7 July 1894 |access-date=23 March 2018 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> for whom Moseley Street and Moseley Square were named. No trace of the original structures remains.
The [[Corporate Town of Glenelg]] was proclaimed in 1855, separating local governance of the township of Glenelg from that of the [[District Council of West Torrens|West Torrens]] and [[District Council of Brighton|Brighton]] district councils. Construction of the Glenelg Institute, which is now the Glenelg Town Hall
===Jetty===
The jetty kiosk was wrecked in a storm in 1943, and the jetty was severely damaged by a freak [[cyclone]] in 1948. Most of the structure washed away and the remaining structure was deemed unsafe. Just two weeks later, the local council began drafting plans for a new jetty and construction was completed in 1969.<ref>Rogers, Tony; (2009), ''South Australia’s Extreme Weather: Its Human Impact'', Australian Metrological Association Incorporated, Kent Town SA, pages 113-123. ({{ISBN|978 0 646 51841 1}})</ref><ref name="mlssaJuly">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mlssa.asn.au/nletters/july2002.htm |first=Steve |last=Reynolds |title=The Glenelg Jetty (Part 2) |work=MLSSA Newsletter July 2002 |access-date=15 December 2006 |year=2002 |publisher=[[Marine Life Society of South Australia]], Inc. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060920124544/http://www.mlssa.asn.au/nletters/july2002.htm |archive-date=20 September 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="CHB1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.holdfast.sa.gov.au/heritage_history/attractions.htm |publisher=City of Holdfast Bay |title=Attractions Within Holdfast |access-date=15 December 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061208010615/http://www.holdfast.sa.gov.au/heritage_history/attractions.htm |archive-date=8 December 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The new structure was just 215 metres (705 ft) long,<ref name="CHB1" /> less than two-thirds of the length of the original jetty. The second jetty continues to stand today, at the end of [[Jetty Road, Glenelg|Jetty Road]].
On 1 January 2016, two boys were drowned after falling into the water from rocks to north of the
=== The Glenelg Blocks ===
An ill-fated breakwater construction project was conceived in the early 1900s, intended to create an artificial harbour for the protection of yachts and the local fishing fleet. Parliamentary approval was granted in 1905.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1912-05-20|title=GLENELG BREAKWATER.|work=Express and Telegraph|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article209945700|access-date=2021-10-20}}</ref> In 1909 and 1910, work was dogged by losses of machinery to rough seas<ref>{{Cite news|date=1909-06-15|title=GLENELG BREAKWATER.|work=Register|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article57859828|access-date=2021-10-20}}</ref> and concrete piles that shattered when driven.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1910-02-21|title=GLENELG BREAKWATER.|work=Register|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article60153447|access-date=2021-10-20}}</ref> Pile-driving for seabed study had some success in 1913.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1913-05-09|title=GLENELG BREAKWATER.|work=Register|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article56994593|access-date=2021-10-20}}</ref> By mid-1916 the project remained incomplete and its future was uncertain.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1916-07-20|title=GLENELG BREAKWATER.|work=Register|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article60619270|access-date=2021-10-20}}</ref> In 1918, the contractors took legal action against the Government seeking damages of £80,000.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1918-02-01|title=GLENELG BREAKWATER.|work=Register|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article60341039|access-date=2021-10-20}}</ref> By 1919, the project had become an embarrassment and an "eye sore" without providing a safe harbour as originally intended.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1919-12-30|title=GLENELG BREAKWATER.|work=Register|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article63125880|access-date=2021-10-20}}</ref> Today, the structures are heavily eroded and are colonised with marine life. The site is an artificial reef known to divers and snorkelers as "The Blocks" or "The Glenelg Blocks".<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ron|title=15 Dec: Shore Dive @ Glenelg Jetty & Blocks|url=https://divingadelaide.com.au/shore-dive-at-the-glenelg-jetty-and-blocks/|access-date=2021-11-11|website=Diving Adelaide|language=en-AU}}</ref>
===Amusement parks===
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Glenelg has been a popular spot for recreation and leisure for much of its history. Following the success of [[Luna Park, Melbourne]], a similar amusement park was constructed on Glenelg's foreshore in 1930.<ref name="LunaParkJFF">{{Cite book |last = Marshall |first = Sam |year = 2005 |title = ''Luna Park - Just for fun'' |edition = 2nd |publisher = Luna Park Sydney Pty Ltd |location = Sydney, Australia |isbn =0-646-44807-2 |pages=44–49 |chapter= Luna Park Glenelg - South Australia's First}}</ref> [[Luna Park Glenelg]] was placed in voluntary liquidation in 1934, and all the rides (excluding a single [[carousel]]) were disassembled, purchased by the directors, and transported to [[Sydney]], where they were used in the construction of [[Luna Park Sydney]].<ref name=LunaParkJFF/> The park's managers claimed that the reasons for the closure were the inability to make money from the park as it was, and opposition to changes from Council and residents, who were afraid that "undesirables" would be attracted to the area.<ref name=LunaParkJFF/>
Built near the former Luna Park site was [[Magic Mountain, Glenelg|Magic Mountain]], which first opened in 1982. It featured water slides, mini-golf, bumper boats, dodgem cars and many other amusements and was popular with many Adelaide residents. It was also extensively criticised, called an eyesore and likened to a "giant dog dropping" in the media; despite this it was very popular with young children and teenagers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/adelaide/stories/s1156154.htm |author=Ashley Walsh, ABC Adelaide |title=Farewell Magic Mountain |website=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] |access-date=1 December 2006 |year=2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061104153619/http://www.abc.net.au/adelaide/stories/s1156154.htm |archive-date=4 November 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref> As part of the Holdfast Shores development, Magic Mountain was finally demolished in 2004 and replaced with [[The Beachouse]], a 5-storey modern centre with a more conservative design which still incorporates the historic carousel; it opened in mid-2006. Since its opening, The Beachouse has been a widely popular attraction of the Glenelg area, appealing to both adults and children. A 25-metre single-arm [[Ferris wheel]] was a prominent feature of the area until its closure.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Ferris wheel for Bay |work=The Advertiser, Adelaide| date=10 June 2007 |publisher=News Limited |url=http://www.news.com.au/adelaidenow/story/0,22606,21879619-2682,00.html}}</ref>
=== Wastewater treatment plant ===
South Australia's second largest wastewater treatment plants is located in Glenelg. It was first established in 1933, and was upgraded in 1945, 1962, 1973 and most recently in 2002. A pipeline pumps 2.8 gigalitres of treated wastewater to Adelaide where it is used to irrigate green spaces, such as parks and ovals. The facility also conducts tours for school groups and visitors to learn about water supply and treatment.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Glenelg WWTP|url=https://watertalks.sawater.com.au/glenelgwwtp|access-date=2022-02-04|website=SA Water|language=en}}</ref> The plant also returns treated wastewater to the ocean. The most significant pollutants discharged to the sea (by mass) in 2018/19 were: [[nitrogen]] (180 tonnes), [[phosphorus]] (78 tonnes), [[chlorine]] (32 tonnes), [[ammonia]] (14 tonnes), [[fluoride]] (14 tonnes) and [[zinc]] (1 tonne).<ref>{{Cite web|title=2018/2019 report for SOUTH AUSTRALIAN WATER CORPORATION, Glenelg Wastewater Treatment Plant - Glenelg North, SA|url=http://www.npi.gov.au/npidata/action/load/emission-by-individual-facility-result/criteria/state/SA/year/2019/jurisdiction-facility/SA0002|access-date=2022-01-04|website=National Pollution Inventory}}</ref>
===High-rise development===
[[File:Atlantic Tower During Development in the 1970's.jpg|thumb|Atlantic Tower During Development, circa mid-1970s]]
Atlantic Tower was built in the late 1970s and was Adelaide's tallest residential building at the time. The fourteen-story tower featured a revolving restaurant on its top floor, and was part of a larger development plan that never eventuated.<ref>{{Cite web| url=http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=atlantictower-adelaide-australia |
The Holdfast Shores development, starting in the late 1990s, included the construction of the Marina Pier apartment building with its own private marina in [[Glenelg North]], and the Pier Hotel, founded 2001, and unrelated to the historic [[Pier Hotel, Glenelg|Pier Hotel]] on Moseley Square. The development was met with strong opposition, from both local residents and the City of Holdfast Bay, fearing overdevelopment would ruin the area.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.holdfast.sa.gov.au/pdf/Hfast_Shores_Media_Release_160604.pdf |author=City of Holdfast Bay |title=Profound Regret and Disappointment, Apartments to go ahead on Glenelg foreshore |access-date=1 December 2006 |year=2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061113095454/http://www.holdfast.sa.gov.au/pdf/Hfast_Shores_Media_Release_160604.pdf |archive-date=13 November 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Parts of the plan were scaled back, with the Platinum Apartment building scaled down from fifteen stories to nine, and the cinema complex cancelled.
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==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
|2001|2865
|2006|3125
|2011|3448
|2016|3349}}
The 2016 Census by the [[Australian Bureau of Statistics]] counted 3,349 persons in Glenelg on the night of the census. The majority of residents are of Northern European descent, and almost two-thirds of residents are at least second generation Australian. Glenelg is a predominantly Christian community, with common affiliations, in descending order, [[Catholic]], [[Anglican]], no religion and [[Uniting Church in Australia|Uniting]].
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The suburb is bordered by [[Anzac Highway]], (the road link to the [[Adelaide city centre]]), to the north, Brighton Road to the west and Pier Street to the south. [[Jetty Road, Glenelg|Jetty Road]] is the main shopping strip in the suburb, and runs down the middle. [[Adelaide Metro]] operates several bus services from Glenelg to various destinations including the central business district and [[Adelaide Airport]]. The local council operates a free loop bus service in the area.
Glenelg is the terminus of the [[Glenelg tram line]], which runs from [[Moseley Square]], along Jetty Road though Glenelg, to the [[Adelaide Entertainment Centre]].<ref>[https://www.adelaidemetro.com.au/content/download/959215/5013292/file/Adelaide_Trams_routemap_03-11-19
==Features and attractions==
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A shark museum owned and operated by conservationist and shark attack survivor [[Rodney Fox]] once operated in Glenelg. Many of its former exhibits were leased to the South Australian Whale Centre, [[Victor Harbor, South Australia|Victor Harbor]], in 2008.<ref>[https://www.victor.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0033/289572/2007-08-ANNUAL-REPORT.pdf 2007-08 Annual Report - City of Victor Harbor] Retrieved 28 February 2021.</ref>
==Sport==
Glenelg is home to a team in the [[South Australian National Football League]] (SANFL), the [[Glenelg Football Club|Glenelg Tigers]], and the [[Glenelg Cricket Club|Glenelg Seahorses]] in the [[South Australian Grade Cricket League]]
==Reef restoration==
{{Further|Oyster reef restoration}}
In late 2020, [[The Nature Conservancy]] used a large [[barge]] to scatter several hundred tonnes of stone across the [[sea floor]] about {{convert|1 |km |mi|abbr=on}} offshore, to create {{convert|2 |ha |acre|abbr=on}} of [[oyster reef restoration|substrate for a new oyster reef]] for the native [[Ostrea angasi|angasi oyster]], which had been nearly eliminated in Australian waters by over-harvesting and dredging during the 19th and early 20th centuries.<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-02-20/researchers-rediscover-lost-oyster-reefs/6160464 Adelaide University researchers have discovered the loss of oyster reefs believed to have disappeared over 70 years ago due to dredging in South Australia] ''ABC News'', 23 February 2015. Retrieved 1 March 2021.</ref><ref>[https://indaily.com.au/eat-drink-explore/features/2017/06/28/restored-sa-reef-seeks-to-turn-the-tide-for-oysters/ Restored SA reef seeks to turn the tide for oysters] ''InDaily'', 28 June 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-02-12/native-flat-oyster-revival-underway-in-south-australia/13143908 Reef revival at full steam off Glenelg as 'eco-engineering' oysters create marine hubs] ''ABC News'', 12 February 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2021.</ref> Oyster reefs and [[seagrass]] beds help to protect coastlines from the effects of storm events and [[climate change]], as well as offering the benefits of greater [[biodiversity]], which helps to protect fish stocks, and protection from extremes of temperatures, which can threaten [[vulnerable species]].<ref name=oysters/>
==Politics==
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| {{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
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| {{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
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{| class="wikitable"
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| colspan=2 ! align="center" | {{small|Councillors for}}<br />'''Glenelg Ward'''
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{{
Since 1985 Glenelg has been located in the [[Electoral district of Morphett]] for the [[South Australian House of Assembly]]. It was previously in the seat of [[Electoral district of Glenelg (South Australia)|Glenelg]].<ref name=PollBludger1>{{Cite web| url=http://www.pollbludger.com/sa2006/morphett.htm| author=The Poll Bludger| title=South Australian House of Assembly Election 2006. Morphett |year=2006 |access-date=13 December 2006}}</ref> The current sitting member is [[Stephen Patterson]] of the [[Liberal Party of Australia]], who has held the seat since 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Morphett - ECSA|url=https://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/electoral-districts/electoral-district-profiles?view=article&id=845:morphett|access-date=2 July 2020|website=Electoral Commission of South Australia}}</ref> Federally, Glenelg is in the [[Division of Boothby]] and
== Notable residents ==
* [[Tom Jay Williams]] - Singer and songwriter is a former resident
==See also==
*[[Glenelg Cinema Centre]] (closed 2009)
* [[Holdfast Bay railway line]]
==References==
{{
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* https://www.glenelgbeach.com.au
* https://www.helloglenelg.com.au
* [http://www.holdfast.sa.gov.au/ City of Holdfast Bay]
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{{City of Holdfast Bay suburbs}}
{{Adelaide landmarks}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Seaside resorts in Australia]]
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