Content deleted Content added
(37 intermediate revisions by 19 users not shown) | |||
Line 1:
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Hranice
|
|
<!-- images -->
| image_skyline = Hranice (Cheb District) aerial view 2008-07-01.jpg
|
|
| image_shield = Hranice,znak.jpg
<!-- location -->
|
| subdivision_name = {{CZE}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of the Czech Republic|Region]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Karlovy Vary Region|Karlovy Vary]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of the Czech Republic|District]]
|
<!--
|
|
|
|
|
| coordinates = {{coord|50|18|17|N|12|10|33|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
<!-- government type, leaders -->
|
| leader_name = Daniel Mašlár
<!-- established -->
|
| established_date = 1413
<!-- area -->
|
|
<!-- elevation -->
|
|
<!-- population -->
|
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web |title=Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024|url=https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/population-of-municipalities-qexb0dqr2d|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|date=2024-05-17}}</ref>
|
| population_density_km2 = auto
<!-- time zone(s) -->
| timezone1 = [[Central European Time|CET]]
|
|
| utc_offset1_DST = +2
<!-- postal codes, area code -->
|
| postal_code = 351 24
|
|
<!--
|
|
}}
'''Hranice''' ({{IPA|cs|ˈɦraɲɪtsɛ}}; {{lang-de|Roßbach}}) is a town in [[Cheb District]] in the [[Karlovy Vary Region]] of the [[Czech Republic]]. It has about 2,100 inhabitants.
==Administrative parts==
The villages of Pastviny, Studánka and Trojmezí are administrative parts of Hranice.
==Etymology==
The old German name ''Rossbach'' means 'horse brook', referring to the brook where first inhabitants watered their horses. Therefore the horse appears on the town's coat of arms and flag.<ref name=historie>{{cite web |title=Historie|url=https://www.mestohranice.cz/mesto/historie/|publisher=Město Hranice|language=cs|access-date=2021-06-07}}</ref>
In Czech, ''hranice'' means 'border'. Following the [[partition of Germany]], a border [[tripoint]] (between Czechoslovakia, West and East Germany) was situated near the town, for which the village of Trojmezí (literally "Tripoint") is named. The village is also the tripoint of the three historical regions of [[Bohemia]], [[Bavaria]] and [[Saxony]].
==Geography==
Hranice
Hranice is situated in the [[Fichtel Mountains]]. The highest point is the hill Studánecký vrch at {{convert|697|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level. The municipal territory is rich in minor watercourses. The brook Hranický potok/Tetterweinbach originates in the town and flows through Hranice. The streams Bystřina and Rokytnice form a significant part of the Czech-German border.
==History==
[[File:Hranice (Cheb District) evangelic church 2009-07-08.jpg|thumb|Evangelical church]]
The town was probably founded at the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries. The first unverified mentions of the town come from the beginning of the 14th century. The first verified written mention of Hranice dates to 1413, when the town was bought by the [[House of Zedtwitz]].<ref name=historie/> Before that time, Hranice was the property of the [[County of Neipperg|Neipperg]]s. At the end of the 14th century, the Neippergs ran into financial trouble and sold the town. The House of Zedwitz controlled Hranice and the whole region around Aš for almost 500 years.
In 1822 a new school was built. In 1850, a post office was opened and in 1868, the first fire squad was established. In 1882, Hranice was promoted to a [[městys|market town]].<ref name=historie/>
In the 1930s, a group of [[Sudeten German]] settlers from Hranice immigrated to [[Chile]] and founded the settlement of [[Puyuhuapi]], where they lived and intermarried with [[Mapuche]]s from [[Chiloé Archipelago]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Puyuhuapi History and Legends|url=https://www.interpatagonia.com/puyuhuapi/historia_i.html|publisher=InterPatagonia|access-date=2022-04-13}}</ref>
==Demographics==
{{historical populations
|align=none|cols=3
|1869|5982
|1880|6296
|1890|6047
|1900|6568
|1910|7281
|1921|6357
|1930|6922
|1950|3160
|1961|2417
|1970|2496
|1980|2428
|1991|2280
|2001|2266
|2011|2096
|2021|1998
|source=Censuses<ref>{{cite web |title=Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011|url=https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/historicky-lexikon-obci-1869-az-2015|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|language=cs|date=2015-12-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Population Census 2021: Population by sex|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4429&katalog=33515&pvo=SLD21001-OB-OK|work=Public Database|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|date=2021-03-27}}</ref>}}
==Transport==
[[File:L01 863 Bf Roßbach, Wartehalle.jpg|thumb|Train station]]
On the Czech-German border are two road border crossings: ''Hranice / Ebmath'' and ''Hranice / Bad Elster''.
Hranice is the terminus of a railway line from [[Aš]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Detail stanice Hranice v Čechách|url=https://www.cd.cz/stanice/hranice-v-cechach/5473065|publisher=[[České dráhy]]|language=cs|access-date=2024-06-30}}</ref>
==
Notable buildings in Hranice include the Evangelic church, built in the 17th century, and the Catholic Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary, built in 1894.<ref name=historie/>
There are several memorials: a World War I memorial built in 1928, a World War II memorial, and a memorial to a [[Royal Air Force]] pilot who crashed in the area during World War II.
==
*[[Rudolf Dölling]] (1902–1975), German politician and major general
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{
*
{{Cheb District}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Cities and towns in the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Populated places in Cheb District]]
|