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Michael Harner, in his 1997 article ''The Enigma of Aztec Sacrifice'', estimates the number of persons sacrificed in central Mexico in the 15th century as high as 250,000 per year. [[Fernando de Alva Cortés Ixtlilxochitl]], a Mexica descendant and the author of ''[[Codex Ixtlilxochitl]]'', claimed that one in five children of the Mexica subjects was killed annually. [[Victor Davis Hanson]] argues that an estimate by Carlos Zumárraga of 20,000 per annum is more plausible. Other scholars believe that, since the Aztecs always tried to intimidate their enemies, it is far more likely that they inflated the official number as a [[propaganda]] tool.<ref>{{citation |last=Duverger |title=op. cit. |pages=174–177}}{{full citation needed|date=September 2021}} "Duverger, (op. cit) 174–77"</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=New chamber confirms culture entrenched in human sacrifice |publisher=Mtintouch.net |url=http://www.mtintouch.net/~nlight/mexican%20pyramid.htm |access-date=2010-05-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206150349/http://www.mtintouch.net/~nlight/mexican%20pyramid.htm |archive-date=2008-12-06 }}</ref>
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[[File:Mound 72 sacrifice ceremony HRoe 2013.jpg|thumb|Mound 72 mass sacrifice of 53 young women]]
[[File:Funeral procession of Serpent Pique du Pratz.jpg|thumb|upright|The funeral procession of ''Tattooed Serpent'' in 1725, with retainers waiting to be sacrificed]]
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