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{{Short description|American scientist}}
{{Infobox scientist
|name = James L. Green
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|image_size = 180px
|birth_date =
|birth_place = [[Burlington, Iowa|Burlington]], [[Iowa]]
|death_date =
|death_place =
|residence =
|citizenship =
|nationality =
|ethnicity =
|fields = [[Astronomy]] <br> [[Physics]]
|workplaces = [[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] - [[Science Mission Directorate]] - Planetary Science Division
|alma_mater = [[University of Iowa]]
|doctoral_advisor =
|academic_advisors = [[James Van Allen]]
|doctoral_students =
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}}
'''James Lauer Green''' is an American physicist and retired chief scientist for NASA.<ref name="chief scientist"/><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/02/science/jim-green-nasa-mars.html|title=NASA's Retiring Top Scientist Says We Can Terraform Mars and Maybe Venus, Too|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=2 January 2022|last1=O'Callaghan|first1=Jonathan}}</ref> He received his Ph.D. in Space Physics from the [[University of Iowa]] in 1979 and then worked at [[NASA]] until his retirement on 1 January 2022.<ref name="retirement">{{cite web|url= https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-announces-new-chief-scientist-senior-climate-advisor|title=NASA Announces New Chief Scientist, Senior Climate Advisor|website=NASA.gov|date=January 10, 2022|access-date=January 11, 2022}}</ref>
==History==
He began working in the Magnetospheric Physics Branch at NASA's [[Marshall Space Flight Center]] in 1980. At Marshall, Green developed and managed the Space Physics Analysis Network that provided scientists with access to data. From 1985 to 1992 he was the head of the [[National Space Science Data Center]] (NSSDC) at Goddard Space Flight Center. The NSSDC is NASA's largest space science data archive. He was the Chief of the Space Science Data Operations Office from 1992 until 2005, when he became the Chief of the Science Proposal Support Office. While at Goddard, Green was a co-investigator and the Deputy Project Scientist on the [[Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration|IMAGE]] mission. He has written over 100 scientific articles in refereed journals involving various aspects of the Earth's and Jupiter's magnetospheres and over 50 technical articles on various aspects of data systems and networks. In August 2006, Green became the Director of the Planetary Science Division at NASA Headquarters.<ref name=NASABio>NASA [https://science.nasa.gov/about-us/organization-and-leadership/division-bios/dr-jim-green/ Dr. Jim Green, Director, Planetary Science Division, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC] Page accessed April 3, 2016</ref><ref>Linda Arntzenius for Princeton Town Topics. January 30, 2013 [http://www.towntopics.com/wordpress/2013/01/30/nasa-scientist-jim-green-discusses-the-revolution-in-planetary-science/ NASA Scientist Jim Green Discusses The Revolution in Planetary Science]</ref><ref>NASA [http://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-s-jim-green-a-decade-of-planetary-discovery NASA’s Jim Green: A Decade of Planetary Discovery] Page accessed August 30, 2016</ref> In that role he serves as a spokesman for NASA for planetary missions, for instance announcing the likelihood that there was once flowing water on Mars in September 2015.<ref>Kenneth Chang for the New York Times. Sept 28, 2015 [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/29/science/space/mars-life-liquid-water.html Mars Shows Signs of Having Flowing Water, Possible Niches for Life, NASA Says]</ref> Under his leadership at the Planetary Science Division, several missions have been successfully completed or launched, including the [[New Horizons]] probe to Pluto, the [[MESSENGER]] probe to Mercury, the launch of [[Juno (spacecraft)|Juno probe]] to Jupiter, the launch of [[Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory|Grail A and B]] to the Moon, the [[Dawn (spacecraft)|Dawn probe]] to [[4 Vesta|Vesta]], and the landing of the Mars Science Laboratory and Curiosity rover on Mars.<ref>Staff, GPS World. April 22, 2015 [http://gpsworld.com/nasas-james-l-green-to-headline-ion-gnss-2015/ NASA’s James L. Green to Headline ION GNSS+ 2015]</ref>▼
===NASA career===
In 1988, he received the Arthur S. Flemming award given for outstanding individual performance in the federal government and was awarded Japan's Kotani Prize in 1996 in recognition of his international science data management activities.<ref name=NASABio/> In 2016, Green was named an Alumni Fellow of the College of Liberal Arts & Sciences (CLAS) at the [[University of Iowa]].<ref>[https://clas.uiowa.edu/alumni/2016-alumni-fellows-college-liberal-arts-sciences 2016 Alumni Fellows of the College of Liberal Arts & Sciences]</ref>▼
Green began working in the Magnetospheric Physics Branch at NASA's [[Marshall Space Flight Center]] in 1980. At Marshall, Green developed and managed the Space Physics Analysis Network that provided scientists with access to data. From 1985 to 1992 he was the head of the [[National Space Science Data Center]] (NSSDC) at Goddard Space Flight Center. The NSSDC is NASA's largest space science data archive. He was the Chief of the Space Science Data Operations Office from 1992 until 2005, when he became the Chief of the Science Proposal Support Office. While at Goddard, Green was a co-investigator and the Deputy Project Scientist on the [[Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration|IMAGE]] mission.
▲
In a 2015 TED presentation, he covered the places in our solar system that are most likely to harbor alien life.<ref>{{Citation|last=Green|first=James|title=3 moons and a planet that could have alien life|url=http://www.ted.com/talks/james_green_3_moons_and_a_planet_that_could_have_alien_life|accessdate=2016-08-18}}</ref>
In 2015, Green was a part of the NASA's involvement with the film ''[[The Martian (film)|The Martian]]''.<ref>Seemangal, Robin. The Observer [http://observer.com/2015/10/everything-we-learned-about-a-real-human-mars-mission-from-nasa-part-1/ Everything We Learned About a Real Human Mars Mission From NASA (Part 1)]</ref>
In 2018, acting NASA Administrator Robert Lightfoot named Green as NASA's new [[NASA Chief Scientist|chief scientist]], effective May 1, 2018.<ref name="chief scientist">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-announces-new-chief-scientist|title=NASA Announces New Chief Scientist|date=10 April 2018}}</ref> He retired from this position on 1 January 2022, after over 40 years of service at NASA.<ref name="retirement"/>
===Awards and recognition===
▲In 1988,
In 2017,
===Civil War Trust===
Green, a [[Civil War Trust]] member, has written about [[Union Army Balloon Corps|Civil War ballooning]]<ref>{{cite web
==References==
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[[Category:NASA people]]
[[Category:People from Burlington, Iowa]]
[[Category:
[[Category:University of Iowa alumni]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
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