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In a tournament, there are usually three referees, or ''shinpan''. Each holds a red flag and a white flag in opposite hands. To signal a point, the ''shinpan'' raise the flag corresponding to the colour of the ribbon worn by the scoring competitor. Generally, at least two ''shinpan'' must agree, for a point to be awarded. The match continues until a pronouncement of the point that has been scored.
:'''[[Shimpan duties and responsibilities!]]'''
:1. To maintain a triangle by the three shimpans;
:2. To reposition in harmony with the other referees;
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第１2回世界大会 12th World Kendo Championship, Glasgow 4-6 July, 2003.
:On the left: The winning tsuki delivered by Naoki Eiga, captain of the Japan Men's Team [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Eiga-tsuki-wiki2.jpg]
== Grades & Ranks ==
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