Kugelblitz (astrophysics): Difference between revisions

A <!--Schwarzschild -->'''kugelblitz''' ({{IPA|de|ˈkuːɡl̩ˌblɪt͡s|lang|De-Kugelblitz.ogg}}) is a [[theoretical physics|theoretical]] astrophysical object predicted by [[general relativity]]. It is a concentration of [[heat]], [[light]] or [[radiation]] so intense that its energy forms an [[event horizon]] and becomes self-trapped. In other words, if enough [[radiation]] is aimed into a region of space, the concentration of energy can warp [[spacetime]] so much that it creates a [[black hole]]. This would be a black hole whose original [[Mass–energy equivalence|mass–energy]] was in the form of [[radiant energy]] rather than matter;<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Senovilla |first=José M M |date=2015-01-08 |title=Black hole formation by incoming electromagnetic radiation |url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0264-9381/32/1/017001 |journal=[[Classical and Quantum Gravity]] |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=017001 |doi=10.1088/0264-9381/32/1/017001 |issn=0264-9381|arxiv=1408.2778 }}</ref> however, there is currently no uniformly accepted method of distinguishing black holes by origin.

A study published in ''[[Physical Review Letters]]'' in 2024 argues that the formation of a kugelblitz is impossible due to dissipative quantum effects like [[vacuum polarization]], which prevent sufficient energy buildup to create an event horizon.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Álvarez-Domínguez |first=Álvaro |last2=Garay |first2=Luis J. |last3=Martín-Martínez |first3=Eduardo |last4=Polo-Gómez |first4=José |date=2024-07-26 |title=No Black Holes from Light |url=https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.041401 |journal=Physical Review Letters |language=en |volume=133 |issue=4 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.041401 |issn=0031-9007|arxiv=2405.02389 }}</ref> The study concludes that such a phenomenon cannot occur in any realistic scenario within our universe.