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In theoretical physics, a kugelblitz is a concentration of heat, light or radiation so intense that its energy forms an event horizon and becomes self-trapped: according to general relativity and the equivalence of mass and energy, if enough radiation is aimed into a region, the concentration of energy can warp spacetime enough for the region to become a black hole, although this would be a black hole whose original mass–energy had been in the form of radiant energy rather than matter.[1] In simpler terms, a kugelblitz is a black hole formed from radiation as opposed to matter.[according to whom?]
John Archibald Wheeler's 1955 Physical Review paper entitled "geons" refers to the kugelblitz phenomena and explores the idea of creating such particles (or toy models of particles) from spacetime curvature.[2] (It also introduces the idea that lines of electric charge trapped in a wormhole throat might be used to model the properties of a charged particle-pair.[2][relevant?]) It is perhaps the best-known reference to the kugelblitz idea in English.[according to whom?]
A man-made kugelblitz has been described[by whom?] as conceivable through use of a gamma-ray laser one billion-times stronger than those currently available,[citation needed] which would have to produce a pulse with a duration one 100-billionth of that of gamma-ray lasers currently available.[citation needed][when?] The energy of a single pulse of such a laser would equate to the energy produced by the sun in 1/10 of a second.[citation needed] A kugelblitz of this size would last five years,[citation needed] and a micro Dyson sphere could be constructed around it to harness the energy produced by the Hawking radiation.[according to whom?]
The kugelblitz phenomenon has been considered a possible basis for interstellar engines (drives) for future black hole starships.[3][4][non-primary source needed]
In Popular Culture
A fictional variation of a kugelblitz is used as a plot device in Season 3 of the Netflix Series "The Umbrella Academy".
See also
References
- ^ Senovilla, J.M.M. (2014). "Black hole formation by incoming electromagnetic radiation". Classical and Quantum Gravity. 32 (1): 017001. arXiv:1408.2778. Bibcode:2015CQGra..32a7001S. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/32/1/017001. S2CID 119266727.
- ^ a b Wheeler, J. A. (1955). "Geons". Physical Review. 97 (2): 511–536. Bibcode:1955PhRv...97..511W. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.97.511.
- ^ 5 REAL Possibilities for Interstellar Travel on YouTube
- ^ Lee, J.S. (2013). "The effect of Hawking Radiation on Fermion re-inflation of a Schwarzschild Kugelblitz". Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 66: 364–376.
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