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In modern human society, long-distance running has multiple purposes: people may engage in it for [[physical exercise]], for [[recreation]], as a means of [[travel]], for economic reasons, or for cultural reasons. Long distance running can also be used as a means to improve cardiovascular health.<ref>[http://www.runnersgoal.com/what-are-the-health-benefits-of-running-half-marathons/]</ref> Running improves your aerobic fitness by increasing the activity of enzymes and hormones that stimulate the muscles and the heart to work more efficiently.<ref>http://www.medicinenet.com/running/page3.htm#what_are_the_fitness_benefits_of_running</ref> Endurance running is often a component of [[Military education and training|physical military training]] and has been so historically. [[Professional running]] is most commonly found in the field of [[sport]]s, although in pre-industrial times [[foot messenger]]s would run to deliver information to distant locations. Long-distance running as a form of tradition or ceremony is known among the [[Hopi people|Hopi]] and [[Tarahumara people]], among others.<ref>[http://www8.nau.edu/hcpo-p/running.pdf Running in Hopi History and Culture]. Hopi Cultural Preservation Office/Northern Arizona University. Retrieved on 2013-04-11.</ref><ref>Lonergan, J. E. [http://gesturestudies.com/files/isgsconferences/Contributions/Lonergan/lonergan.html The ecology of servitude in Tarahumara ritual tesgüinada]. ''International Society for Gesture Studies''. Retrieved on 2013-04-11.</ref>
In the [[sport of athletics]], long-distance events are defined as races covering three kilometres (1.86 miles) and above. The three most common types are [[track running]], [[road running]] and [[cross country running]], all of which are defined by their terrain – [[all-weather track]]s, roads and natural terrain, respectively. Typical long-distance track races range from [[3000 metres]] to [[10,000 metres]] (6.
==History==
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[[File:Men's 10000m Final - 2012 Olympics - 1.jpg|thumb|left|Runners turning the bend in the men's 10,000 metres final at the [[2012 Summer Olympics]].]]
* The '''5000 metres''' is a premier event that requires tactics and superior aerobic conditioning. Training for such an event may consist of a total of 60–200 kilometers (
The world record for men:
::*[[Kenenisa Bekele]] of [[Ethiopia]] 12:37.35 (an average of 23.76 km/h) [[Hengelo]], Netherlands on 31 May 2004
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===Men===
* [[Salvatore Antibo]] Winner of
* [[Saïd Aouita]], was ranked among the world's best at all distances between 800 metres and 5000 m in the 1980s, a gold medalist at the [[1984 Summer Olympics|1984 Olympics]], and like Nurmi, was the world record holder for 1500 m, 3:29.46 in 1985, and 5000 m, 13:00.40 in 1985 and 12:58.39 in 1987
* [[Samuel Wanjiru]] (10 November 1986 – 15 May 2011), a Kenyan, he won the [[London Marathon]] and the [[Chicago Marathon]] in 2009, which were the fastest marathons ever recorded in the United Kingdom and the United States respectively. He retained the Chicago title the following year.
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* [[Mary Decker]], set six world records in 1982, at distances ranging from the mile to 10,000 meters
* [[Tegla Loroupe]], holds the world records in the one hour run, and for 20, 25 and 30 kilometer distances, and previously held the marathon world record
* [[Sonia O'Sullivan]], World Champion in 5000m in 1995, European Champion in 3000m in 1994, won double gold at the 1998 European Championships at
* [[Fernanda Ribeiro]], European, World and Olympic 10,000 m gold medalist in 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively
* [[Gulnara Samitova]], set 3000 m steeplechase world record, clocking 9:01.59, in 2004
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