Hagi Mohammed Awale Liban (Somali: Liibaan, Arabic: محمد عوالي ليبان) was a Somali scholar. He is noted for having designed the flag of Somalia in 1954.[1][2] Liban also later served as the Chief of Cabinet of the Presidency in the nascent Somali Republic.[3]
Mohammed Awale Liban | |
|---|---|
| محمد عوالي ليبان | |
| Born | |
| Died | June 5, 2001 Toronto, Canada |
| Nationality | Somali |
| Occupation | Scholar |
Biography
Awale was a nationalist who served in all Somali governments up until 1964. He maintained good relationships with the administration of Abdirashid Ali Shermarke.
Awale hailed from the Reer Maxamuud, Majerteen clan, who are predominantly based in Mudug region. His nephew is Qaadiid, a prominent Somali who passionately campaigns against Qaad and highlights its ill effects both within Somalia and with diaspora.
Somali flag
In 1949, the United Nations decided that Somalia would be under the control of Italy as a trusteeship for ten years. Three other countries, Egypt, Philippines, and Colombia, were part of a United Nations commission sent to advise the trusteeship in Somalia. In April 1950, Italy took over from the British military administration. In early 1954, the Italian trusteeship, along with the United Nations advisory council, created a legislative council. This council included Somalis, Italians, Arabs, and Indians. Their job was to prepare laws for Somalia during the trusteeship. Members of this council were chosen by political parties, foreign communities, and other organizations, not by elections.[4]
Mohamed Awale Liban was chosen by the Somali Labor Trade Union. When the council discussed creating a national flag for Somalia, Liban suggested that only the Somali members should decide on the flag. His suggestion was accepted, and a Somali chairman, Sheikh Omar, was chosen to lead the meeting. The debate on the flag was postponed until the next day.[5]
That night, Liban went home and designed a flag. It was blue with a white star in the middle. Each point of the star represented the five Somali regions (Greater Somalia) that had been divided by colonial powers.[6]
The next day, Liban presented the flag to the council. One member cheered and clapped for five minutes when Liban revealed the design. The chairman praised Liban for creating such a beautiful flag in less than 24 hours. Liban explained that the blue stood for the United Nations, which had helped Somalia on its path to independence. The white represented peace and prosperity, and the star symbolized the five Somali regions consist (British Somaliland, French Somaliland now Djibouti, Somali Region, Northern Frontier District and Italian Somaliland).[7]
Death
On June 5, 2001, Mohamed Awale Liban was died in Toronto, Canada.[8]
Reference
- ^ History of the flag
- ^ Maria Costantino, The Illustrated Flag Handbook, (Gramercy Books: 2001), p.185.
- ^ Peking Review (1965). "Keep Up Efforts for Success of 2nd African-Asian Conference". Peking Review. 8: cvi. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
- ^ "Maxay qabiillada Soomaalida u sameysanayaan calamo u gaar ah?". BBC News Somali (in Somali). 2022-01-11. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
- ^ "Maalinta Calanka: Calamada kala duwan ee Soomaalida iyo xilliyada dabaaldegyada". BBC News Somali (in Somali). 2020-07-02. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
- ^ Staff, Horseed (2020-10-12). "Xuska Maalinta Calanka Soomaaliyeed". Horseed Media. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
- ^ "calan". www.somalitalk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
- ^ "calan". www.somalitalk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.