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Line 1: The '''''Report on Japanese on the West Coast of the United States''''', often called the '''Munson Report''', was a 29-page report written in 1940 by Curtis B. Munson, a [[Detroit]] businessman commissioned as a special representative of the [[United States Department of State\|State Department]], on the sympathies and loyalties of [[Japanese Americans]] living in [[California]] and the [[West Coast of the United States]]. Munson's report as submitted to the White House on October 7, 1941, exactly two months before the [[Empire of Japan\|Japanese]] [[attack on Pearl Harbor]]. By spring of ~~1942~~1941, it was increasingly apparent that Japan and the [[United States]] would become enveloped in conflict. [[World War II]] had broken out with the [[Second Sino-Japanese War\|Japanese invasion of China]] in 1937 and the [[Invasion of Poland\|German invasion of Poland]] in 1939. In July 1941, the United States, along with [[United Kingdom\|Britain]] and the [[Dutch East Indies]], had imposed a total [[embargo]] on exports to Japan, including critical [[Petroleum\|oil]] supplies. American [[military intelligence]] had broken [[top secret]] Japanese military codes, and a September 24, 1941 message indicated that Pearl Harbor was a possible target of a Japanese attack. President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] immediately designated Munson as a special representative and gave him the task of gauging the loyalty of Japanese Americans, many of whom lived military bases and important [[manufacturing]] facilities.<ref>Leslie T. Hatamiya, ''Righting a Wrong: Japanese Americans and the Passage of the Civil Liberties Act of 1988'' (1994). Standford, p. 10.</ref> Munson toured California and the [[Pacific Coast of the United States\|Pacific Coast]] and interviewed [[United States Army\|Army]] and [[United States Marines]] [[intelligence officer]]s, military commanders, city officials, and the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]]. Munson found that "There is some Japanese problems on the West Coast, but it has not yet reached a state in which we should fear them as a country" concluding that there was "a remarkable, even extraordinary degree of loyalty among some of this generally suspect [[ethnic group]], but there were some Issei that remained loyal to their home country, Japan, and it's Emperor." The Munson Report was circulated to several [[United States Cabinet\|Cabinet]] officials, including [[United States Secretary of War\|Secretary of War]] [[Henry L. Stimson]], [[United States Secretary of the Navy\|Secretary of the Navy]] [[Frank Knox]], [[United States Attorney General\|Attorney General]] [[Francis Biddle]], and [[United States Secretary of State\|Secretary of State]] [[Cordell Hull]].

Munson Report: Difference between revisions